The first Irish genome and ways of improving sequence accuracy

Whole-genome sequencing of an Irish person reveals hundreds of thousands of novel genomic variants. Imputation using previous known information improves the accuracy of low-read-depth sequencing

Interrupted aortic arch diagnosed with loss of femoral pulse in a patient undergoing patent ductus arteriosus ligation -A case report-

A 12-year-old boy with ventricular septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus was presented to the operating room. Upon clamping the patent ductus arteriosus, the femoral arterial pressure curve was lost; however, it returned upon unclamping. Upon further dissection, an interrupted aortic arch was found between the left subclavian artery and patent ductus arteriosus. The surgery was discontinued for further evaluation

Polymeric tandem organic light-emitting diodes using a self-organized interfacial layer

The authors have demonstrated efficient polymeric tandem organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with a self-organized interfacial layer, which was formed by differences in chemical surface energy. Hydrophilic poly(styrene sulfonate)-doped poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT:PSS) was spin coated onto the hydrophobic poly(9,9-dyoctilfluorene) (PFO) surface and a PEDOT:PSS bubble or dome was built as an interfacial layer. The barrier heights of PEDOT:PSS and PFO in the two-unit tandem OLED induced a charge accumulation at the interface in the heterojunction and thereby created exciton recombination at a much higher level than in the one-unit reference. This effect was confirmed in both the hole only and the electron only devices. (c) 2008 American Institute of Physicsopen8

A Case of Gastritis Associated with Gastric Capillariasis

This report is about the case of gastritis associated with capillariasis. The patient was a 52-yr-old Korean woman who occasionally ate raw fish and chicken. She complained of mild abdominal pain and nausea, but not diarrhea. An endoscopic examination revealed an exudative flat erosive change on the gastric mucosa of the antrum. She was microscopically diagnosed as chronic gastritis with numerous eosinophil infiltrations. The sectioned worms and eggs in mucosa were morphologically regarded as belonging to the genus Capillaria. This is the first case of gastric capillariasis reported in the Republic of Korea

Identification of HLA-A*2402-restricted HCMV immediate early-1 (IE-1) epitopes as targets for CD8+ HCMV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>To identify novel HLA-A*2402-restricted human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) immediate early-1 (IE-1) epitopes for adoptive immunotherapy, we explored 120 overlapping 15-amino acid spanning IE-1.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>These peptides were screened by measuring the frequency of polyclonal CD8+ T cells producing intracellular interferon-γ (IFN-γ) using flow cytometry and the epitopes were validated with a HCMV-infected target Cr release cytotoxicity assay.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Initial screening was performed with 12 mini-pools of 10 consecutive peptides made from 120 overlapping peptides15-amino acids in length that spanned IE-1. When peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from HLA-A*2402 HCMV-seropositive donors were sensitized with each of the 12 mini-pools, mini-pools 1 and 2 induced the highest frequency of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) producing IFN-γ. When PBMCs were stimulated with each of the twenty peptides belonging to mini-pools 1 and 2, peptides IE-1_1–15MESSAKRKMDPDNPD and IE-1_5–19AKRKMDPDNPDEGPS induced the greatest quantities of IFN-γ production and cytotoxicity of HLA-matched HCMV-infected fibroblasts. To determine the exact HLA-A*2402-restricted epitopes within the two IE-1 proteins, we synthesized a total of twenty-one overlapping 9- or 10 amino acid peptides spanning IE-1_1–15and IE-1_5–19. Peptide IE-1_3–12SSAKRKMDPD induced the greatest quantities of IFN-γ production and target cell killing by CD8+ CTLs.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>HCMV IE-1_3–12SSAKRKMDPD is a HLA-A*2402-restricted HCMV IE-1 epitope that can serve as a common target for CD8+ HCMV-specific CTLs.</p

Optimal timing of surgery for prenatally diagnosed choledochal cysts

ObjectiveCholedochal cysts are increasingly being diagnosed antenatally. The appropriate time of surgical treatment has the greatest impact on the prognosis of choledochal cyst treatment. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of prenatally diagnosed choledochal cysts in infants according to the surgical treatment timing.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of infants who underwent surgery for choledochal cysts with antenatal diagnoses. We investigated each patient's demographic information, type of choledochal cyst, serum liver enzyme levels, and surgical outcomes according to the surgical intervention timing.ResultsBetween May 2006 and December 2020, 93 infants underwent surgery to treat choledochal cysts; among them, 68 had antenatally suspected choledochal cysts. Of the 68 patients, 21 developed symptoms directly after birth. While 38 patients remained asymptomatic, 9 developed symptoms before operation. To compare surgical outcomes, asymptomatic patients were divided into early (13 cases) and late (25 cases) operation groups based on an age benchmark of 30 days. The early surgical group experienced longer times to resume a full diet (6.0 ± 1.6 vs. 4.5 ± 0.7, p &lt; 0.001) and longer postoperative hospital stays (11 ± 3.9 vs. 7.5 ± 0.8, p &lt; 0.001). Surgical complications occurred in two patients in the early operation group. Minimally invasive surgery was performed in 12 patients in the late operation group. In both groups, postoperative liver function recovered at 6 months, with no significant difference.ConclusionThe results of this study showed longer hospital stays, increased diet durations, and postoperative complications in early surgery patients. However, liver function recovery was not different between the early and late operation groups. Thus, asymptomatic patients should be closely monitored, and we recommend that definitive surgical intervention be postponed until 4 months of age or until weight reaches 7 kg