Relationship between adiposity and heart rate recovery following an exercise stress test in obese older women

<div><p>Abstract The aim of the present study was to compare differences in heart rate (HR) response during and following exercise in obese older women with different percent body fat levels. Ninety older, obese women aged 60-87 years participated in the study, were categorized, and enrolled to one of two groups based on a lower percent body fat (LPBF ≤ 41.10 %) or higher percent body fat (HPBF > 41.10 %) as measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. The peak HR during exercise and in the first and second minutes of recovery period were compared between groups. The HPBF group presented a lower peak HR during exercise (p =.001) and an impaired HR recovery (p =.001) when compared to LPBF group. The present study demonstrated that older women who were in exceedingly obese level have an impaired heart rate response during exercise and in the recovery period, indicating possible autonomic dysfunction.</p></div

Categorical analysis of the high-intensity interval exercise bout according to the affective responses in active and insufficiently active men.

<p>Categorical analysis of the high-intensity interval exercise bout according to the affective responses in active and insufficiently active men.</p

Affective responses during a single bout of high-intensity interval exercise in active and insufficiently active men.

<p>*Different from the insufficiently active group (p < 0.05). Data expressed as mean ± SD.</p

Heart rate responses during a single bout of high-intensity interval exercise in active and insufficiently active men.

<p>Data expressed as mean ± SD.</p

Subjects’ characteristics and data of the maximal exercise test.

<p>Subjects’ characteristics and data of the maximal exercise test.</p

Correlation analysis between affective response and rating of perceived exertion during a single bout of high-intensity interval exercise.

<p>Correlation analysis between affective response and rating of perceived exertion during a single bout of high-intensity interval exercise.</p

Frequency of the positive/neutral and negative affective responses in the beginning, in the middle, and in the end of the high-intensity interval exercise in insufficiently active and active men.

<p>Frequency of the positive/neutral and negative affective responses in the beginning, in the middle, and in the end of the high-intensity interval exercise in insufficiently active and active men.</p

Mean affective response, lowest affective response, highest affective response, and affective response in the highest rating of perceived exertion during a single bout of high-intensity interval exercise in active and insufficiently active men.

<p>Mean affective response, lowest affective response, highest affective response, and affective response in the highest rating of perceived exertion during a single bout of high-intensity interval exercise in active and insufficiently active men.</p

Rating of perceived exertion during a single bout of high-intensity interval exercise in active and insufficiently active men.

<p>Data expressed as mean ± SD.</p

Flow-chart of the participants.

<p>Flow-chart of the participants.</p