Number of hypoglycaemia episodes –v- threshold blood glucose concentration (mmol/l) and upper and lower 95% confidence bounds per 10,000 admissions.

<p>Number of hypoglycaemia episodes –v- threshold blood glucose concentration (mmol/l) and upper and lower 95% confidence bounds per 10,000 admissions.</p

Flow diagram of non diabetic hypoglycaemia triggers generated.

<p>Flow diagram of non diabetic hypoglycaemia triggers generated.</p

Characteristics of the patients identified as non diabetic hypoglycemic patients.

*<p>Social class based on income deprivation score. Adds up to 70 & 36 instead of 71 & 37 respectively at 3.3 and 2.7 mmol/l due to one missing post code.</p>#<p>Will add up to more than 100% due to multiple co-morbidities in patients. All co-morbidities are based on ICD 10 code (verified by case-note review). Where ICD 10 code was not available a documentation of the diagnosis in case-note was accepted.</p

A selection of key questions to be asked when conducting an economic evaluation focused on patient testing (TP-True positive, FP-False positive, TN-True Negative, FN-False Negative).

<p>A selection of key questions to be asked when conducting an economic evaluation focused on patient testing (TP-True positive, FP-False positive, TN-True Negative, FN-False Negative).</p

Characteristics of included studies (UAE- urine albumin excretion, GFR-glomerular filtration rate, UPCR-urine protein to creatinine ratio, UACR-urine albumin to creatinine ratio, LYG-life years gained, QALY-quality adjusted life year, CKD-chronic kidney disease).

<p>Characteristics of included studies (UAE- urine albumin excretion, GFR-glomerular filtration rate, UPCR-urine protein to creatinine ratio, UACR-urine albumin to creatinine ratio, LYG-life years gained, QALY-quality adjusted life year, CKD-chronic kidney disease).</p

Identification of studies for final review.

<p>Identification of studies for final review.</p

Methods Used in Economic Evaluations of Chronic Kidney Disease Testing - A Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is high in general populations around the world. Targeted testing and screening for CKD are often conducted to help identify individuals that may benefit from treatment to ameliorate or prevent their disease progression. AIMS: This systematic review examines the methods used in economic evaluations of testing and screening in CKD, with a particular focus on whether test accuracy has been considered, and how analysis has incorporated issues that may be important to the patient, such as the impact of testing on quality of life and the costs they incur. METHODS: Articles that described model-based economic evaluations of patient testing interventions focused on CKD were identified through the searching of electronic databases and the hand searching of the bibliographies of the included studies. RESULTS: The initial electronic searches identified 2,671 papers of which 21 were included in the final review. Eighteen studies focused on proteinuria, three evaluated glomerular filtration rate testing and one included both tests. The full impact of inaccurate test results was frequently not considered in economic evaluations in this setting as a societal perspective was rarely adopted. The impact of false positive tests on patients in terms of the costs incurred in re-attending for repeat testing, and the anxiety associated with a positive test was almost always overlooked. In one study where the impact of a false positive test on patient quality of life was examined in sensitivity analysis, it had a significant impact on the conclusions drawn from the model. CONCLUSION: Future economic evaluations of kidney function testing should examine testing and monitoring pathways from the perspective of patients, to ensure that issues that are important to patients, such as the possibility of inaccurate test results, are properly considered in the analysis

Additional file 1: of A scoping review of competencies for scientific editors of biomedical journals

Search strategies. (DOCX 23 kb

Additional file 2: of A scoping review of competencies for scientific editors of biomedical journals

Non-research-based publications. (DOCX 49 kb