Hot Topic workshop report : Reshaping the food environment – Applying interdisciplinary perspectives in appetite research

Acknowledgments Both AJ and AB and contributed equally to the writing of this article and gratefully acknowledge financial support from the UKRI Medical Research Council (Award MC_PC_19018, £9975) for supporting this workshop. Alex Johnstone gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Scottish Government as part of the Strategic Research Programme at The Rowett Institute (April 2016–March 2022). Adrian Brown gratefully acknowledges funding though the University College London and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research funding.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Optimising Nutrition and Hydration in Care Homes : Getting It Right in Person Rather than in Policy

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Nudging, formulating new products, and the lifecourse : a qualitative assessment of the viability of three methods for reducing Scottish meat consumption for health, ethical, and environmental reasons

The authors would like to thank all individuals and groups who took part in this research. Research funding was provided by the Scottish Government’s Rural & Environmental Science and Analytical Services division. This study was funded as part of the Scottish Government Rural and Environmental Science and Analytical Services (RESAS). The sponsors had no further role in the research project.Peer reviewedPostprin

Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) and Future Physical and Mental Functional Health in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC)-Norfolk Population-Based Study

Funding The EPIC-Norfolk study (DOI 10.22025/2019.10.105.00004) has received funding from the Medical Research Council (grant number MR/N003284/1 and MC-UU_12015/1) and Cancer Research UK (grant number C864/A14136). Acknowledgments We are grateful to the participants of the EPIC-Norfolk study who have been part of this project, and to the many members of the study teams at the University of Cambridge who have enabled this research. We gratefully acknowledge the EPIC management committee for their approval for data use for this study.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

The environmental impact of community caries prevention - part 1: fluoride varnish application

BACKGROUND: Healthcare is a significant contributor to climate change and planetary health. Prevention of oral disease, such as caries, is an important part of any mechanism to improve sustainability. Caries prevention includes community schemes such as water fluoridation, toothbrushing, or fluoride varnish (FV) application. The aim of this study was to quantify the environmental impact of FV application. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comparative life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted to quantify the environmental impact of a five-year-old child receiving two FV applications in a one-year period in schools and in dental practice. RESULTS: FV application in dental practice during an existing appointment had the lowest environmental impact in all 16 categories, followed by FV application in schools. FV application at a separate dental practice appointment had the highest impact in all categories, with a majority of the impact resulting from the patient travel into dental practice. DISCUSSION: FV application while a child is already attending dental practice (for example, at routine recall) is the most sustainable way to deliver FV. School FV programmes are an alternative, equitable way to reach all children who may not access routine care in dental practice

The cost-of-living crisis is feeding the paradox of obesity and food insecurities in the UK

Funding: Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); BB/W018020/1 - FIO-FOOD, Food Insecurity in people living with Obesity - improving sustainable and healthier food choices in the retail FOOD environment.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

The environmental impact of community caries prevention - part 2: toothbrushing programmes

Introduction Community-level caries prevention programmes includes supervised toothbrushing in schools and the provision of toothbrushes and toothpaste. The environmental impact of these interventions is an important factor to consider when commissioning these services.Materials and methods A comparative life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted to quantify the environmental impact of a five-year-old child receiving one of two toothbrushing programmes over a one-year period; supervised toothbrushing in school, or the provision of toothbrushes and toothpaste.Results Supervised toothbrushing had a lower environmental impact than provision of toothbrushes and toothpaste in all 16 impact categories measured. The water use needed for children to brush their teeth was the greatest contributing factor to the provision of toothbrushes and toothpaste, accounting for an average of 48.65% of the impact results.Discussion All community-level caries prevention programmes have an associated environmental cost. LCA is one way to quantify the environmental impact of healthcare services and can be used along with cost and clinical effectives data to inform public healthcare policy. Organisations responsible for these programmes could use the results of this study to consider ways to reduce the environmental impact of their services

Tackling dietary inequalitiesin the UK food system : An exploration of stakeholders’ experiences to deliver national recommendations for policy and health care practitioners

Thank you to all the stakeholders and excellent speakers (Heather Kelman, Dr Adrian Brown& Patient and Public Involvement Representatives) who provided extremely valuable contributions in presenting different perspectives on the problem of obesity and food insecurity. Also, a big thank you to NESTA who kindly offered their space, technical support and hospitality for the workshop in London. And a very special thank you to all Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) Advocates who shared their experience of living with obesity and food insecurity, providing often very personal, eye-opening insights which triggered an honest discussion between all attendees involved. We are very grateful to the Food Foundation’s Veg Advocates, Obesity Voices and Nourish Scotland who enabled participation of their PPI groups in the workshop