THE FEDERAL SPENDING POWER AND STATE RIGHTS

The cry for constitutional change, that dwindled to a small voice with the repeal of Prohibition, has risen to a new pitch following decapitation of the AAA by the United States Supreme Court in United States v. Butler. Burgeoning in Congress is a portentous, if unorganized, attack upon the Supreme Court\u27s power of judicial review. It seems timely, therefore, to inquire how far the current conception of the Supreme Court as an obstacle to the exercise of legislative power by the central government is justified, and to canvass the extent of the need, if any, for curtailment of the functions of that tribunal

Tensile Creep and Creep-Strain Recovery Behavior of Silicon Carbide Fiber/Calcium Aluminosilicate Matrix Ceramic Composites

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/65852/1/j.1151-2916.1993.tb04005.x.pd

Pacific Hake, Merluccius productus, Autecology: A Timely Review

Pacific hake, Merluccius productus, the most abundant groundfish in the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem (CCLME), is a species of both commercial significance, supporting a large international fishery, and ecological importance, connecting other species as both predator and prey. Coastal Pacific hake migrations are characterized by movements between northern summer feeding areas and southern winter spawning areas, with variations in annual abundance, distribution, and the extent of these movements associated with varying climate-ocean conditions. In general, warm (cool) years with enhanced (reduced) stratification and poleward (equatorward) transport are often related to good (poor) recruitment, increased (decreased) northward distribution, and reduced (enhanced) growth. However, the classic periodic pattern of annual migration and distribution may no longer be fully representative. Based on recent advances in the understanding of climate-ocean variability off the U.S. west coast, we hypothesize that the annual movements of Pacific hake are more responsive to climate-ocean variability than previously thought, and further, that changes observed in Pacific hake distributions may reflect long-term changes in climate-ocean conditions in the CCLME. Therefore, an updated model of these relations is key to effective monitoring and management of this stock, as well as to devising scenarios of future change in the CCLME as a result of climate variations. The current state of knowledge of the relationship between the Pacific hake and its environment is reviewed, highlighting emerging ideas compared to those of the past, and priorities for future research are suggested

Rate of Strength Decrease of Fiber-Reinforced Ceramic-Matrix Composites during Fatigue

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/65181/1/j.1151-2916.2000.tb01412.x.pd

Multi-core strategies for particle methods

This paper discusses the implementation of particle based numerical methods on multi-core machines. In contrast to cluster computing, where memory is distributed across machines, multi-core machine can share memory across all cores. Here general strategies are developed for spatial management of particles and sub-domains that optimize computation on shared memory machines. In particular, we extend cell hashing so that cells bundle particles into orthogonal tasks that can be safely distributed across cores avoiding the use of "memory locks" while still protecting against race conditions. Adjusting task size provides for optimal load balancing and maximizing cache hits. Additionally, the way in which tasks are mapped to execution threads has a significant influence on the memory footprint and it is shown that minimizing memory usage is one of the most important factors in achieving execution speed and performance on multi-core. A novel algorithm called H-Dispatch is used to pipeline tasks to processing cores. The performance is demonstrated in speed-up and efficiency tests on a smooth particle hydrodynamics (SPH) flow simulator. An efficiency of over 90% is achieved on a 24-core machine

Influence of Loading Frequency on the Room-Temperature Fatigue of a Carbon-Fiber/SiC-Matrix Composite

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/65216/1/j.1151-2916.1993.tb07772.x.pd