Interactive Audience and the Internet

This dissertation takes up a question posed by Lisa Ede and Andrea Lunsford in 2009: “In a world of participatory media—of Facebook, MySpace, Wikipedia, Twitter, and Del.icio.us—what relevance does the term audience hold?” Using a case study methodology (e.g., Dyson and Genishi; Stake; Yin), I examine how three popular internet writers—all writers who engage with political issues in different venues—conceptualize their audiences and respond to audience feedback. Using established scholarship about audience, including Ede and Lunsford’s work, as well as newer digital scholarship (e.g., Arola, Carnegie, Edbauer Rice), I extend the existing conversation on audience to the context of digital textual production. Rather than understanding participatory audiences as monolithic, my dissertation breaks up the concept of participation in order to represent its dynamic effects on the broader notion of audience. Drawing upon my case studies of current web writers, I introduce three important concepts: audience emerging, audience managed, and audience oriented. The first, audience emerging, shows us the unexplored relationship between Ede and Lunsford’s canonical terms, addressed and invoked. Understanding the nature of this oscillating relationship situates writer awareness of audience as an emerging, recursive process, much like other elements in the contemporary understanding of the writing process. Audience managed illuminates ways that a web-writer can marshal members into a community and initiate discursive norms. Her writing in this community, funneled through the template, then creates the community’s expectations and conventions. Audience oriented shows the ways in which a writer can guide their audience toward the formation of a public. Overall, this research highlights the way writers imagine and experience their audience in ongoing, continuous ways

(η5-Cyclopentadienyl)(2-naphthylethynyl)(triphenylphosphine-κP)nickel(II)

The title compound, [Ni(C₅H₅)(C₁₂H₇)(C₁₈H₁₅P)], does not contain strong hydrogen-bond donors or acceptors and the primary interactions are limited to those of the weak C-H...π(arene) type and mainly involving the arene rings

Intermolecular N-H...O=C hydrogen bonding in the crystal structure of 6-amino-1,3-dimethyluracil

The 6-amino- 1,3-dimethyluracil molecule [6-amino- 1,3- dimethyl-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione], C6H9N302 (I), lies on a crystallographic mirror plane and participates in an extensive two-dimensional hydrogen-bonding network in the solid state. Each molecule is involved in N-- H...O=C hydrogen bonding involving the amino and carbonyl gr. oups, with O...N separations of 2.894 (3) and 2.904 (3) A

Twisted [(R3P)PdX] groups above dicarbaborane ligands: 4-dimethylsulfido-3-iodo-3-triphenylphosphine-closo-3-pallada-1,2-dicarbadodecaborane and 3-dimethylphenylphosphine-3-chloro-4-dimethylsulfido-closo-3-pallada-1,2-dicarbadodecaborane

The structural analyses of [3-(PPh₃)-3-I-4-(SMe₂)-closo-3,1,2-PdC₂B₉H₁₀] or [Pd(C₄H₁₆B₉S)I(C₁₈H₁₅P)], (I), and [3-(PPhMe₂)-3-Cl-4-(SMe₂)-closo-3,1,2-PdC₂B₉H₁₀] or [Pd(C₄H₁₆B₉S)Cl(C₈H₁₁P)], (II), show that in comparison with [3-(PR₃)2-closo-3,1,2-PdC₂B₉H₁₁] the presence of the 4-SMe₂ group causes the [PdX(PR₃)] unit (X = halogen) to twist about an axis passing through the Pd atom and the directly opposite B atom of the carbaborane ligand. The halogen atoms are located almost directly above a C atom in the C₂B₃ face, and the conformations of the [PdX(PR₃)] units above the C₂B₃ faces are not those predicted from molecular orbital calculations of the closo-3,1,2-PdC₂B₉ system. The fact that the variation from the predicted conformation is greater in the case of (I) than in (II) may be ascribed to the greater steric interactions induced by the I atom in (I) compared with the Cl atom in (II)

An innovative approach to improving father-child relationships for fathers who are noncompliant with child support payments: a mixed methods evaluation

Mixed methods were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the Fathers Offering Children Unfailing Support (FOCUS) program. FOCUS is a diversion program which is designed to offer an alternative to incarceration for fathers who are noncompliant with child support payments. Quantitative data were collected through a pretest/posttest design (n = 55) and qualitative data were collected through telephone interviews with FOCUS instructors (n = 2) and community key stakeholders (n = 5) and focus groups with FOCUS participants (n = 76). FOCUS appears to be benefiting children by increasing their fathers’ emotional support, strengthening co-parenting relationships, and promoting their fathers’ parenting skills

The structure of triphenylgermanium hydroxide

C18H~6GeO, Mr = 320.9, triclinic, Pi, a = 15.408 (6), b = 19.974 (7), c = 23.264 (11) A, a = 107.78 (4), 13 = 1.03.54 (4), y= 101.51 (3) °, V = 6338 (5)/~3, Z = 16, Dx = 1.34 g cm -3, a(Mo Ka) = 0.71073A, /z = 19.1cm-1, F(000)=2624, T= 293 K, R = 0.055 for 6846 observed reflections. The eight independent molecules in the asymmetric unit form two independent O--H...O hydrogen-bonded tetramers with the O atoms in a flattened tetrahedral arrangement [hydrogen-bond distances in the range 2.609 (11) to 2.657 (11)A]. The Ge atoms are tetrahedrally coordinated with mean Gc O 1.791 (7) and Gc C 1.931 (8) A

(1,3-Butadiynyl-C¹)(η⁵-cyclopentadienyl)(triphenylphosphine-P)nickel(II)

The title compound, [Ni(Cp)(PPh₃)(C≡C-C≡C-H)] or [Ni(C₄H)(C₅H₅)(C₁₈H₁₅P)], has metal-ligand dimensions of Ni--P 2.1410(4), Ni--C 1.8383 (15)Å and P--Ni--C 93.47 (5)°, and principal oalkyne dimensions of C≡C 1.212(2) and 1.187(3)Å, and C≡C-C 177.94(19) and 179.5(2)°. Intra- and intermolecular C--H...C≡C interactions are present with the shortest C...C distance being 3.198 Å

Ballistic miniband conduction in a graphene superlattice

Rational design of artificial lattices yields effects unavailable in simple solids, and vertical superlattices of multilayer semiconductors are already used in optical sensors and emitters. Manufacturing lateral superlattices remains a much bigger challenge, with new opportunities offered by the use of moire patterns in van der Waals heterostructures of graphene and hexagonal crystals such as boron nitride (h-BN). Experiments to date have elucidated the novel electronic structure of highly aligned graphene/h-BN heterostructures, where miniband edges and saddle points in the electronic dispersion can be reached by electrostatic gating. Here we investigate the dynamics of electrons in moire minibands by transverse electron focusing, a measurement of ballistic transport between adjacent local contacts in a magnetic field. At low temperatures, we observe caustics of skipping orbits extending over hundreds of superlattice periods, reversals of the cyclotron revolution for successive minibands, and breakdown of cyclotron motion near van Hove singularities. At high temperatures, we study the suppression of electron focusing by inelastic scattering

Intermolecular O-H...O and C-H...π(C5H5), and intramolecular C-H...O interactions in 2-(ferrocenyl)thiophene-3-carboxylic acid

The title compound, [Fe(C₅H₅)(C₁₀H₇O₂S)], an important precursor en route to organometallic donor-π-acceptor systems, forms dimers in the solid state through cyclic intermolecular carboxylic acid O-H...O hydrogen bonds, graph set R²₂(8) [O...O 2.661 (2) Å and O-H...O 175°]. Intermolecular Ccp-H...πcp interactions between the unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl (Cp) rings and Cthiazole-H...πcp interactions link neighbouring molecules into a three-dimensional network [C...Cg 3.753 (7) Å and C-H...Cg 156°, and C...Cg 3.687 (3) Å and C-H...Cg 129°; Cg is the ring centroid]. Intramolecular C-H...O interactions are present, graph set S(7) [C...O 2.925 (3) Å and C-H...O 120°, and the closest C-H...Sthienyl contact has a C...S distance of 3.058 (2) Å]

Structure of 1-(3-butynyl)pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate

The 1-(3-butynyl)pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate salt, C9H10N+.CTHTO3S -, contains a C--H...O hydrogen bond between the acetylenic H atom of the cation and a sulfonate O atom of the anion in the solid state [C...O 3.32 (1), H...O 2.49 A, C--H...O 159°]. The X-ray analysis was complicated by disorder in both the cation and anion. A major (85%) and a minor (15%) component of the 1-(3-butynyl)pyridinium cation are present, both occuping the same volume element in the lattice. The methyl H atoms and sulfonate O atoms of the p-toluenesulfonate anion are disordered over two orientations