Comparison in obstetric management on infants with transient and persistent obstetric brachial plexus palsy.

The outcome of obstetric brachial plexus palsy depends on the severity of the lesion of the nerve fibers. The aim of the prospective study is to evaluate if differences in force used in downward traction on the fetal head correlate to the number of nerve roots affected. At final neurological examination at 18 months of age, complete neurological recovery occurred in 80 of 98 children (82%). Downward traction of the fetal head was applied more often and with greater force in the group with persistent damage. There was a significant correlation between the force used to the number of nerve roots affected. The risk of persistent obstetric brachial plexus palsy at age 18 months depended on obstetric management and increased significantly with increasing force used in downward traction of the fetal head

Electron Transport in Stretched Monoatomic Gold Wires

The conductance of monoatomic gold wires containing 37 gold atoms has been obtained from ab initio calculations. The transmission is found to vary significantly depending on the wire stretching and the number of incorporated atoms. Such oscillations are determined by the electronic structure of the one-dimensional (1D) part of the wire between the contacts. Our results indicate that the conductivity of 1D wires can be suppressed without breaking the contact

Electron Transport in Stretched Monoatomic Gold Wires

The conductance of monoatomic gold wires containing 37 gold atoms has been obtained from ab initio calculations. The transmission is found to vary significantly depending on the wire stretching and the number of incorporated atoms. Such oscillations are determined by the electronic structure of the one-dimensional (1D) part of the wire between the contacts. Our results indicate that the conductivity of 1D wires can be suppressed without breaking the contact

User’ evaluations of a virtual reality architectural model compared with the experience of the completed building

It is important that the properties of a Virtual Reality (VR) model support its purpose in the specific context in which it is used. This study investigated how employees of a company experienced a VR model of their yet-to-be-built office building. We also compared the VR experience with the employees\u27 experience of the completed building. The results showed that the employees felt that the VR model was a useful aid in the decision-making process concerning their future workplace. In addition, The Semantic Environment Description Scale was used to compare the experience of the VR model with the experience of the real building. The results suggest that the VR model gave a fairly accurate representation of the real building. \ua9 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Virtual Reality Supporting Environmental Planning Processes: A Case Study of the City Library in Gothenburg.

The introduction of Virtual Reality (VR) models in the environmental planning process can change the traditional roles of the parties involved. This paper examines the influence of VR-models on the role of professionals in an architectural competition concerning proposals for rebuilding the city library in Gothenburg. The study shows that VR was experienced as useful by the jury, while troublesome by the architects. In the future architects are likely to have to produce the VR-models for their proposals by themselves. Therefore smaller firms may experience it as difficult to enter the market or to have full control over their VR contributions. Further results show how VR can be more efficiently used in the evaluation process by improving communication between different stakeholders

Virtual Reality As a New Tool in the City Planning Process

The introduction of virtual reality (VR)-models in the city planning process will cause changes in the traditional roles of the involved parties. In order to better understand some of these changes, the events involving the use of VR-models in an architectural competition concerning rebuilding-proposals for the city library in a Swedish city were analyzed. The study shows that VR was introduced into the competition as an extra add-on and that the VR-presentation was experienced as useful by the jury. The transformation of the architects’ contributions into VR was experienced as problematic by the architects, partly because they lost full control over the presentation. In the future architects are likely to have to produce the VR-models for their proposals themselves. This may make it more difficult for smaller architectural firms to enter the market but their proposals will be more accessible to a wider group of stakeholders

Virtual Reality As a New Tool in the City Planning Process

The introduction of virtual reality (VR)-models in the city planning process will cause changes in the traditional roles of the involved parties. In order to better understand some of these changes, the events involving the use of VR-models in an architectural competition concerning rebuilding-proposals for the city library in a Swedish city were analyzed. The study shows that VR was introduced into the competition as an extra add-on and that the VR-presentation was experienced as useful by the jury. The transformation of the architects’ contributions into VR was experienced as problematic by the architects, partly because they lost full control over the presentation. In the future architects are likely to have to produce the VR-models for their proposals themselves. This may make it more difficult for smaller architectural firms to enter the market but their proposals will be more accessible to a wider group of stakeholders