Vision Loss As a Presenting Feature of Wernicke Encephalopathy

The classic triad of Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) includes encephalopathy, ocular motor dysfunction, and gait ataxia. Often forgotten is that, in 1881, Wernicke also reported optic disc edema in two of his patients and disc hyperemia in all cases (1). We describe a patient with WE who primarily presented with vision loss and optic disc edema

Contralateral brachial plexus palsy and Horner syndrome following vestibular schwannoma resection: A complication of patient positioning

Background: Skull based neurosurgical cases often require some degree of head rotation during patient positioning to facilitate operative exposure. Extreme head rotation may lead to occlusion of submandibular gland secretions and impaired venous return from the neck, rarely leading to submandibular gland inflammation. Methods: An uncomplicated translabyrinthine resection of a vestibular schwannoma was undertaken. Results: Severe submandibular gland inflammation and impaired venous return opposite the site of translabyrinthine vestibular schwannoma resection occurred in the post-operative period. This led to upper brachial plexopathy and Horner syndrome. Conclusions: We present the first known cases of submandibular gland inflammation and hemorrhage resulting in brachial plexopathy and Horner syndrome opposite the site of tumor resection. This case underscores the importance of adequate and safe patient positioning in skull based neurosurgical procedures