Supine sleep and positional sleep apnea after acute ischemic stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage

OBJECTIVE: Obstructive sleep apnea is frequent during the acute phase of stroke, and it is associated with poorer outcomes. A well-established relationship between supine sleep and obstructive sleep apnea severity exists in non-stroke patients. This study investigated the frequency of supine sleep and positional obstructive sleep apnea in patients with ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. METHODS: Patients who suffered their first acute stroke, either ischemic or hemorrhagic, were subjected to a full polysomnography, including the continuous monitoring of sleep positions, during the first night after symptom onset. Obstructive sleep apnea severity was measured using the apnea-hypopnea index, and the NIHSS measured stroke severity. RESULTS: We prospectively studied 66 stroke patients. The mean age was 57.6±11.5 years, and the mean body mass index was 26.5±4.9. Obstructive sleep apnea (apnea-hypopnea index >5) was present in 78.8% of patients, and the mean apnea-hypopnea index was 29.7±26.6. The majority of subjects (66.7%) spent the entire sleep time in a supine position, and positional obstructive sleep apnea was clearly present in the other 23.1% of cases. A positive correlation was observed between the NIHSS and sleep time in the supine position (r s = 0.5;

CONCENTRATION AND PARTITIONING OF MACRO NUTRIENTS IN TWO MAIZE GENOTYPES AS RELATED TO SOIL WATER AVAILABILITY

The amount of nutrients present in crop tissue of a certain species, at certain time, is a result of the interaction between environmental conditions and genotype. This interaction is economically and ecologically important since permits the best use of fertilizers as well as different crop management which are essential for the sustainability of the productive system. In this paper, macronutrients were quantified in different parts of two adult maize plant genotypes (BRS 2121 and BR 205), which were evaluated at field conditions. The treatments imposed in this research were four water regimes (irrigation suppression at 10 days before blooming and 15, 30 and 50 days after blooming) and three types of fertilizer side dress application of N and K (10 kg N ha-1 + 90 kg K2O ha-1 at planting and 120 kg N ha-1 at V8 stage; 10 kg N ha-1 + 45 kg K2O ha-1 at planting and 45 kg K2O ha-1 + 120 kg N ha-1 at V8 stage; 10 kg N ha-1 + 30 kg K2O ha-1 at planting, 30 kg K2O ha-1 + 60 kg N ha-1 at V8 stage and 30 kg K2O ha1 + 60 kg N ha-1 at V12 growth stage). This experiment was also carried out at greenhouse conditions on young plants of the same genotypes under four water regimes, daily irrigation or each three, five or seven days. The results showed that, at field conditions, the behavior of maize plants under water deficit varied according to nutrient and part of the plant analyzed, whereas at greenhouse conditions there was a tendency of nutrients concentration in crop tissue due to water deficit

Patient-physician discordance in assessment of adherence to inhaled controller medication: a cross-sectional analysis of two cohorts

We aimed to compare patient's and physician's ratings of inhaled medication adherence and to identify predictors of patient-physician discordance.(SFRH/BPD/115169/2016) funded by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT); ERDF (European Regional Development Fund) through the operations: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029130 ('mINSPIRERS—mHealth to measure and improve adherence to medication in chronic obstructive respiratory diseases—generalisation and evaluation of gamification, peer support and advanced image processing technologies') cofunded by the COMPETE2020 (Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização), Portugal 2020 and by Portuguese Funds through FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Immunophenotypic features of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes from mammary carcinomas in female dogs associated with prognostic factors and survival rates

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The immune system plays an important role in the multifactorial biologic system during the development of neoplasias. However, the involvement of the inflammatory response in the promotion/control of malignant cells is still controversial, and the cell subsets and the mechanisms involved are poorly investigated. The goal of this study was to characterize the clinical-pathological status and the immunophenotyping profile of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and their association with the animal survival rates in canine mammary carcinomas.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Fifty-one animals with mammary carcinomas, classified as carcinomas in mixed tumors-MC-BMT = 31 and carcinomas-MC = 20 were submitted to systematic clinical-pathological analysis (tumor size; presence of lymph node and pulmonary metastasis; clinical stage; histological grade; inflammatory distribution and intensity as well as the lymphocytic infiltrate intensity) and survival rates. Twenty-four animals (MC-BMT = 16 and MC = 8) were elected to the immunophenotypic study performed by flow cytometry.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Data analysis demonstrated that clinical stage II-IV and histological grade was I more frequent in MC-BMT as compared to MC. Univariate analysis demonstrated that the intensity of inflammation (moderate/intense) and the proportion of CD4⁺(≥ 66.7%) or CD8⁺T-cells (<33.3%) were not associated with worse survival rate. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that only lymphocytic infiltrate intensity ≥ 600 (<it>P </it>= 0.02) remained as independent prognostic factor. Despite the clinical manifestation, the lymphocytes represented the predominant cell type in the tumor infiltrate. The percentage of T-cells was higher in animals with MC-BMT without metastasis, while the percentage of B-lymphocytes was greater in animals with metastasized MC-BMT (<it>P </it>< 0.05). The relative percentage of CD4⁺T-cells was significantly greater in metastasized tumors (both MC-BMT and MC), (<it>P </it>< 0.05) while the proportion of CD8⁺T-cells was higher in MC-BMT without metastasis. Consequently, the CD4⁺/CD8⁺ratio was significantly increased in both groups with metastasis. Regardless of the tumor type, the animals with high proportions of CD4⁺and low CD8⁺T-cells had decreased survival rates.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The intensity of lymphocytic infiltrate and probably the relative abundance of the CD4⁺and CD8⁺T-lymphocytes may represent important survival prognostic biomarkers for canine mammary carcinomas.</p

USO DE RECEPTORES GPS DE 100 HZ NA DETECÇÃO DE DEFLEXÕES VERTICAIS MILIMÉTRICAS DE PONTES DE CONCRETO DE PEQUENO PORTE

As &#250;ltimas quatro d&#233;cadas foram importantes para o desenvolvimento da malha rodovi&#225;ria brasileira. O pa&#237;s recebeu incentivos financeiros para a sua expans&#227;o e diversas solu&#231;&#245;es estruturais para pontes e viadutos foram criadas. Em paralelo a este desenvolvimento, houve nos &#250;ltimos anos um crescimento significativo dessas estruturas em est&#225;gio avan&#231;ado de deteriora&#231;&#227;o devido &#224; aus&#234;ncia de programas de manuten&#231;&#227;o preventiva. Dessa maneira, este trabalho prop&#245;e o uso de receptores GPS num plano de monitoramento de curta dura&#231;&#227;o para acompanhar o comportamento estrutural de uma ponte rodovi&#225;ria curva de concreto armado j&#225; em servi&#231;o. E apresenta os primeiros resultados da pesquisa com a portadora L1 do sistema GPS e dados gravados com taxa de 100 Hz, no monitoramento do v&#227;o central de ponte de concreto de pequeno porte situada sobre o Rio Jaguari, na cidade de Extrema, divisa entre os Estados de Minas Gerais e S&#227;o Paulo. O desafio reside no fato de que estruturas como estas - pontes de concreto de pequeno e m&#233;dio porte - respondem pela grande maioria das obras de arte da malha rodovi&#225;ria brasileira e por serem estruturas r&#237;gidas, apresentam deflex&#245;es verticais pequenas, de at&#233; 5mm. O experimento foi realizado por meio de sess&#245;es de observa&#231;&#245;es com receptores GPS sobre a ponte, no v&#227;o instrumentado por equipamentos convencionais para posterior confronta&#231;&#227;o de resultados entre os receptores GPS e os m&#233;todos cl&#225;ssicos de monitoramento. A ferramenta de filtragem Continuos Wavelet Transform (CWT) foi utilizada para analisar as frequ&#234;ncias de resposta da ponte a partir dos res&#237;duos da dupla diferen&#231;a de fase da portadora L1. A an&#225;lise do espectro de energia da CWT gerado a partir dos dados coletados com os receptores GPS indicou alta concentra&#231;&#227;o de energia nas mesmas faixas de frequ&#234;ncia - de resposta do tabuleiro da ponte - apontadas pela Modelagem por Elementos Finitos e pela prova de carga din&#226;mica

A list of land plants of Parque Nacional do Caparaó, Brazil, highlights the presence of sampling gaps within this protected area

Brazilian protected areas are essential for plant conservation in the Atlantic Forest domain, one of the 36 global biodiversity hotspots. A major challenge for improving conservation actions is to know the plant richness, protected by these areas. Online databases offer an accessible way to build plant species lists and to provide relevant information about biodiversity. A list of land plants of “Parque Nacional do Caparaó” (PNC) was previously built using online databases and published on the website "Catálogo de Plantas das Unidades de Conservação do Brasil." Here, we provide and discuss additional information about plant species richness, endemism and conservation in the PNC that could not be included in the List. We documented 1,791 species of land plants as occurring in PNC, of which 63 are cited as threatened (CR, EN or VU) by the Brazilian National Red List, seven as data deficient (DD) and five as priorities for conservation. Fifity-one species were possible new ocurrences for ES and MG states