Study of the Top-quark Pair Production in Association with a Bottom-quark Pair from Fast Simulations at the LHC

A large number of top quarks will be produced at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) for Run II period. This will allow us to measure the rare processes from the top sector in great details. We present the study of the top-quark pair production in association with a bottom-quark pair (ttbb) from fast simulations for the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment. The differential distributions of ttbb are compared with the top-quark pair production with two additional jets (ttjj) and with the production in association with the Higgs (ttH), where the Higgs decays to a bottom-quark pair. The significances of ttbb process in the dileptonic and semileptonic decay mode are calculated with the data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 10 fb-1, which is foreseen to be collected in the early Run II period. This study will be an important input in searching for new physics beyond the standard model as well as in searching for ttH process where the Yukawa coupling with the top quark can be directly measured.Comment: 12 pages, 12 figure

Discordance between Train-of-Four Response and Clinical Symptoms in a Patient with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

A 47-year-old woman with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis was scheduled for total thyroidectomy with cervical node dissection. During anesthetic management by total intravenous anesthesia using remifentanil, propofol, and rocuronium, train-of-four (TOF) monitoring findings were not consistent with clinical signs. Sugammadex successfully reversed shallow respiration

Journey of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Homing: Strategies to Enhance Efficacy and Safety of Stem Cell Therapy

Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) communicate with other cells in the human body and appear to “home” to areas of injury in response to signals of cellular damage, known as homing signals. This review of the state of current research on homing of MSCs suggests that favorable cellular conditions and the in vivo environment facilitate and are required for the migration of MSCs to the site of insult or injury in vivo. We review the current understanding of MSC migration and discuss strategies for enhancing both the environmental and cellular conditions that give rise to effective homing of MSCs. This may allow MSCs to quickly find and migrate to injured tissues, where they may best exert clinical benefits resulting from improved homing and the presence of increased numbers of MSCs

Application of PEEP using the i-gel during volume-controlled ventilation in anesthetized, paralyzed patients

PURPOSE: This prospective, randomized trial was designed to assess whether the i-gel supraglottic airway device is suitable for volume-controlled ventilation while applying positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) of 5 cmH(2)O under general anesthesia. It was believed that this device might improve arterial oxygenation. METHODS: Forty adult patients (aged 20–60 years) scheduled for elective orthopedic surgery were enrolled in this study. Twenty patients were ventilated without external PEEP [zero positive end-expiratory pressure (ZEEP) group], and the other 20 were ventilated with PEEP 5 cmH(2)O (PEEP group) after placing an i-gel device. Volume-controlled ventilation at a tidal volume (TV) of 8 ml/kg of ideal body weight, leak volume, and arterial blood gas analysis were investigated. RESULTS: The incidences of a significant leak were similar in the ZEEP and PEEP groups (3/20 and 1/20, respectively; P = 0.605), as were leak volumes. No significant PaO(2) difference was observed between the two groups at 1 h after satisfactory i-gel insertion (215 ± 38 vs. 222 ± 54; P = 0.502). CONCLUSIONS: The use of an i-gel during PEEP application at 5 cmH(2)O did not increase the incidence of a significant air leak, and a PEEP of 5 cmH(2)O failed to improve arterial oxygenation during controlled ventilation in healthy adult patients

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Spin cast ferroelectric beta poly(vinylidene fluoride) thin films via rapid thermal annealing

We describe a method of fabricating ferroelectric beta-type poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) thin films on Au substrate by the humidity controlled spin casting combined with rapid thermal treatment. Our method produces thin uniform ferroelectric PVDF film with ordered beta crystals consisting of characteristic needlelike microdomains. A capacitor with a 160 nm thick ferroelectric PVDF film exhibits the remanent polarization and coercive voltage of similar to 7.0 mu C/cm(2) and 8 V, respectively, with the temperature stability of up to 160 degrees C. A ferroelectric field effect transistor also shows a drain current bistablility of 100 at zero gate voltage with +/- 20 V gate voltage sweep. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physicsopen485

Upper critical fields and thermally-activated transport of Nd(O_0.7F_0.3)FeAs single crystal

We present measurements of the resistivity and the upper critical field H_c2 of Nd(O_0.7F_0.3)FeAs single crystals in strong DC and pulsed magnetic fields up to 45 T and 60 T, respectively. We found that the field scale of H_c2 is comparable to ~100 T of high T_c cuprates. H_c2(T) parallel to the c-axis exhibits a pronounced upward curvature similar to what was extracted from earlier measurements on polycrystalline samples. Thus this behavior is indeed an intrinsic feature of oxypnictides, rather than manifestation of vortex lattice melting or granularity. The orientational dependence of H_c2 shows deviations from the one-band Ginzburg-Landau scaling. The mass anisotropy decreases as T decreases, from 9.2 at 44K to 5 at 34K. Spin dependent magnetoresistance and nonlinearities in the Hall coefficient suggest contribution to the conductivity from electron-electron interactions modified by disorder reminiscent that of diluted magnetic semiconductors. The Ohmic resistivity measured below T_c but above the irreversibility field exhibits a clear Arrhenius thermally activated behavior over 4-5 decades. The activation energy has very different field dependencies for H||ab and H\perp ab. We discuss to what extent different pairing scenarios can manifest themselves in the observed behavior of H_{c2}, using the two-band model of superconductivity. The results indicate the importance of paramagnetic effects on H_c2(T),which may significantly reduce H_c2(0) as compared toH_c2(0)~200-300 T based on extrapolations of H_c2(T) near T_c down to low temperatures.Comment: 11 pages, 16 figure

Respiratory viral infections and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis

Background We aimed to investigate the effects of ambient respiratory viral infections in the general population on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) development. Methods Data of weekly incident RA (2012–2013) were obtained from the Korean National Health Insurance claims database, and those of weekly observations on eight respiratory viral infections were obtained from the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention database. We estimated the percentage change in incident RA associated with ambient mean respiratory viral infections using a generalized linear model, after adjusting for time trend, air pollution, and meteorological data. Results A total of 24,117 cases of incident RA (mean age 54.7 years, 18,688 [77.5%] women) were analyzed. Ambient respiratory viral infections in the population were associated with a higher number of incident RA over time, and its effect peaked 6 or 7 weeks after exposure. Among the 8 viruses, parainfluenza virus (4.8% for 1% respiratory viral infection increase, 95% CI 1.6 to 8.1, P = .003), coronavirus (9.2%, 3.9 to 14.8, P < .001), and metapneumovirus (44%, 2.0 to 103.4, P = .038) were associated with increased number of incident RA. The impact of these respiratory viral infections remained significant in women (3.8%, 12.1%, and 67.4%, respectively, P < .05) and in older patients (10.7%, 14.6%, and 118.2%, respectively, P < .05). Conclusions Ambient respiratory viral infections in the population were associated with an increased number of incident RA, especially in women and older patients, suggesting that respiratory viral infections can be a novel environmental risk factor for the development of RA

Histone acylation marks respond to metabolic perturbations and enable cellular adaptation

Acetylation is the most studied histone acyl modification and has been recognized as a fundamental player in metabolic gene regulation, whereas other short-chain acyl modifications have only been recently identified, and little is known about their dynamics or molecular functions at the intersection of metabolism and epigenetic gene regulation. In this study, we aimed to understand the link between nonacetyl histone acyl modification, metabolic transcriptional regulation, and cellular adaptation. Using antibodies specific for butyrylated, propionylated, and crotonylated H3K23, we analyzed dynamic changes of H3K23 acylation upon various metabolic challenges. Here, we show that H3K23 modifications were highly responsive and reversibly regulated by nutrient availability. These modifications were commonly downregulated by the depletion of glucose and recovered based on glucose or fatty acid availability. Depletion of metabolic enzymes, namely, ATP citrate lyase, carnitine acetyltransferase, and acetyl-CoA synthetase, which are involved in Ac-CoA synthesis, resulted in global loss of H3K23 butyrylation, crotonylation, propionylation, and acetylation, with a profound impact on gene expression and cellular metabolic states. Our data indicate that Ac-CoA/CoA and central metabolic inputs are important for the maintenance of histone acylation. Additionally, genome-wide analysis revealed that acyl modifications are associated with gene activation. Our study shows that histone acylation acts as an immediate and reversible metabolic sensor enabling cellular adaptation to metabolic stress by reprogramming gene expression. © 2020, The Author(s).1