Wavelet analysis and scaling properties of time series

We propose a wavelet based method for the characterization of the scaling behavior of non-stationary time series. It makes use of the built-in ability of the wavelets for capturing the trends in a data set, in variable window sizes. Discrete wavelets from the Daubechies family are used to illustrate the efficacy of this procedure. After studying binomial multifractal time series with the present and earlier approaches of detrending for comparison, we analyze the time series of averaged spin density in the 2D Ising model at the critical temperature, along with several experimental data sets possessing multi-fractal behavior.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in PR

OsIAA1, an Aux/IAA cDNA from rice, and changes in its expression as influenced by auxin and light

The Aux/IAA class of genes are rapidly induced by exogenous auxins and have been characterized extensively from many dicot species like Arabidopsis, Glycine max and Pisum sativum. We report here the isolation and characterization of rice (Oryza sativa L. subsp. Indica) OsIAA1 cDNA as a monocot member of the Aux/IAA gene family. The predicted amino acid sequence of OsIAA1 corresponds to a protein of ca. 26 kDa, which harbors all four characteristic domains known to be conserved in Aux/IAA proteins. The conservation of these Aux/IAA genes indicates that auxins have essentially a similar mode of action in monocots and dicots. Northern blot analysis revealed that the OsIAA1 transcript levels decrease in the excised coleoptile segments on auxin starvation, and the level is restored when auxin is supplemented; the increase in OsIAA1 transcript level was apparent within 15 to 30 min of auxin application. Auxin-induced OsIAA1 expression appears to be correlated with the elongation of excised coleoptile segments. In light-grown rice seedlings, OsIAA1 is preferentially expressed in roots and basal segment of the seedling, whereas in the etiolated rice seedlings, the OsIAA1 transcripts are most abundant in the coleoptile. A comparative analysis in light- and dark-grown seedling tissues indicates that the OsIAA1 transcript levels decrease on illumination

Real-World Anomaly Detection in Video Using Spatio-Temporal Features Analysis for Weakly Labelled Data with Auto Label Generation

Detecting anomalies in videos is a complex task due to diverse content, noisy labeling, and a lack of frame-level labeling. To address these challenges in weakly labeled datasets, we propose a novel custom loss function in conjunction with the multi-instance learning (MIL) algorithm. Our approach utilizes the UCF Crime and ShanghaiTech datasets for anomaly detection. The UCF Crime dataset includes labeled videos depicting a range of incidents such as explosions, assaults, and burglaries, while the ShanghaiTech dataset is one of the largest anomaly datasets, with over 400 video clips featuring three different scenes and 130 abnormal events. We generated pseudo labels for videos using the MIL technique to detect frame-level anomalies from video-level annotations, and to train the network to distinguish between normal and abnormal classes. We conducted extensive experiments on the UCF Crime dataset using C3D and I3D features to test our model\u27s performance. For the ShanghaiTech dataset, we used I3D features for training and testing. Our results show that with I3D features, we achieve an 84.6% frame-level AUC score for the UCF Crime dataset and a 92.27% frame-level AUC score for the ShanghaiTech dataset, which are comparable to other methods used for similar datasets

Comparative Evaluation of Stapled Hemorrhoidectomy versus Open Hemorrhoidectomy

Background: Hemorrhoid is one of the most common diseases encountered by a surgeon on daily basis. The choice of method of treatment for hemorrhoids depends on the severity and the type of symptoms, on the degree of prolapse and on the expertise of the surgeon and available equipment. Aim of this study is to compare stapled hemorrhoidectomy with conventional Milligan-Morgan hemorrhoidectomy in terms of surgical outcomes.Materials and Methods: Out of total of 50 patients selected, 25 underwent open and 25 stapled hemorrhoidectomy. Inclusion criteria for selection of the patients were large grade II, III and IV hemorrhoids and externo-internal hemorrhoids with well-developed external hemorrhoids.Results: Out of 50 patients included in our study, 15 were female and 35 male. The youngest was of 25 years of age and eldest 59 years. In group A, mean operative time was 29.8 min as against 51.32 min in group B with p value <0.001. All patients of group A were virtually pain free 7 days postoperatively, while mean pain of 1.04 was still recorded at 7 days in group B patients.Conclusion: Early functional and symptomatic outcomes have been found satisfactory and comparatively better with stapled hemorrhoidectomy. However, long-term follow-up in respect of so many factors is yet to be seen and further studies are required for this