Neoliberalism Meets “Gangnam Style”: Vernacular Private Sector and Large Urban Developments in Seoul

Globalised neoliberalism does not unify urbanisation processes but rather varies according to local contexts. This article explores the unique neoliberalisation process in large urban developments that have contributed to Seoul becoming a global city. Not only has the formal process of privatisation been important but also the vernacular practice of the ordinary people has informally grown during the process. By establishing a matured market of the mass production and consumption of high-rise apartments since the 1970s, more than half of the housing stock is now composed of high-rise apartments in South Korea. Gangnam represents the wealthiest district shifting from rural sites to highly dense urban areas due to their large-scale high-rise developments. Not only have societal changes made way for super-high-density apartment complexes as a rational response to population and economic growth, high-rise developments have also allowed Seoul to grow its population and expand its spatial footprint. Because of the dominance of universal western knowledge, this phenomenon has not been fully understood. While neoliberalism has been broadly adopted, the actual development process in Korea is distinctive not only from the West but also the East. The article argues that ‘vernacular neoliberalism’ has evolved not just by the formality of the ideological market system but also by the informality of survival practices of Korean lives largely under the colonial period and the aftermath of the Korean War. It particularly shows how large urban developments have been widespread by integrating a vernacular private rental system called chonsei into the formal structure

Positive Psychology and Hope as Means to Recovery from Mental Illness

The field of psychiatric rehabilitation has seen a paradigm shift in its perceptions of symptom reduction, recovery, and restoration of personal-growth and -development. Recovery is subjective in nature, as no two individuals achieve identical rehabilitation outcomes; the process is dynamic and influenced by an array of personal and environmental factors, all of which can facilitate a deeply personal, unique progression that changes one\u27s attitudes, values, feelings, goals, skills, and roles. The concept of positive psychology is relevant to the perception from mental illness. Positive psychology seeks to understand what makes life worth living and encourages the use of mental strengths that reside in every human to confront challenges and create meaningful life experiences. Among the constructs of positive psychology, hope is one the most important concerning recovery, as it is directly tied to whether one believes that one\u27s recovery is feasible. Having a sense of hope can enhance one\u27s motivation to engage in the recovery process. The application of positive psychology, especially the concept of hope and recovery-oriented interventions in real-life rehabilitation settings can enormously benefit the well-being of people with mental illness. Keywords: psychiatric rehabilitation, positive psychology, recovery, hop

Development of Bodice Basic Pattern Algorithm Using 3D Human Body Shape Body Surface Pattern Flattening

This research has departed from the standard method of flat surface binding of mesh pieces that requires various transformations and restrictions, and instead has attempted to conceive a novel approach that can develop 3D body surfaces into 2D level. Opposed to existing standard pattern flattening method which took utmost reflection of 3D body surface forms, this research placed its center on standardization of 2D flattened pattern forms appropriate for high utilization of final 2D body surface flattened pattern outputs

Feeding outcomes in very preterm infants: preliminary effects of positioning

Background/Significance: Oral feeding emerges during a dynamic process of the organization of inputs from subsystems within the infant and the environment. Very preterm infants (VP, ≤ 30 weeks gestational age) are at risk for impaired lung function, which significantly limits their organizational capacity and contributes to feeding difficulties. A head-elevated side-lying (HEL) position has recently been proposed as a strategy that may improve oral feeding in VP infants by supporting breathing during feeding. Purpose: The primary purpose of this study is to test the preliminary effects of the HEL position on the physiologic stability and feeding performance of VP infants when bottle-fed, compared to the head-elevated supine (HES) position. In addition, methods for measuring changes in physiologic stability across the feeding period are examined. Methods: Using a within-subject cross-over design, six VP infants were bottle-fed twice on one day, in both the HEL and HES positions. The following variables were measured before and/or during feeding: physiological stability (heart rate [HR], oxygen saturation [SpO2], respiratory characteristics) and feeding performance (overall milk transfer, proficiency, efficiency, and duration of feeding). Three methods were used to examine changes in physiologic stability across the feeding period. Results: Compared to the HES position, VP infants fed in the HEL position show significantly less variation in HR, less severe and fewer decreases in HR, shorter and more regular intervals between breaths, breathing frequency that is closer to the pre-feeding state, and more variation in breath duration. VP infants also demonstrate a more stable HR over time, especially during the early minutes of feeding, and improved regulated breathing over time by demonstrating shorter and more regular intervals between breaths and more variation in breath duration across the feeding period. In addition, the method using the first 6 minutes of bottle-in period is suggested as the most effective for examining significant changes in physiologic stability over time. No significant findings for SpO2 and feeding performance are found. Conclusions: The findings indicate that the HEL position may be a feeding strategy to support better regulation of breathing during feeding that allows VP infants to better maintain physiologic stability throughout the feeding

Coordinate-Update Algorithms can Efficiently Detect Infeasible Optimization Problems

Coordinate update/descent algorithms are widely used in large-scale optimization due to their low per-iteration cost and scalability, but their behavior on infeasible or misspecified problems has not been much studied compared to the algorithms that use full updates. For coordinate-update methods to be as widely adopted to the extent so that they can be used as engines of general-purpose solvers, it is necessary to also understand their behavior under pathological problem instances. In this work, we show that the normalized iterates of randomized coordinate-update fixed-point iterations (RC-FPI) converge to the infimal displacement vector and use this result to design an efficient infeasibility detection method. We then extend the analysis to the setup where the coordinates are defined by non-orthonormal basis using the Friedrichs angle and then apply the machinery to decentralized optimization problems

An Analysis of the Difference between Direct and Automated Anthropometric Measurement Using a 3-D Tool for the Age Group of 70-85 Elderly

In this study, the suitability of an automated anthropometry method was evaluated by comparing the data of direct measurement and automated measurement, and considered is the potential modification of automated methods based the results of the study

Effectiveness of Practicum Supervision as Perceived by Hispanic Undergraduate Rehabilitation Services Students

Practica are integral to the culmination of systematic learning in higher education, particularly in fields such as health sciences and human services. For undergraduate rehabilitation services students, these placements typically mark the first-time students apply textbook knowledge to real life situations. Therefore, effective site supervision is an important part of the undergraduate field experience. The purpose of the present study was to examine the perceived effectiveness of undergraduate rehabilitation services practicum site supervision. The sample consisted of 154 Hispanic undergraduate rehabilitation services students. The findings show that students were satisfied with the supervision they received. Students also rated the competency of their site supervisors to provide effective supervision as high. Suggestions for future research, and implications for rehabilitation services educators and site supervisors are discussed

Abdominal fat ratio estimation equation by abdominal type in elderly women

This study was conducted to define the abdomen types of Korean elderly women and to develop an abdominal fat ratio (AFR) estimation equation using key body measurements and indexes that well represented the body type characteristics of elderly women. An analysis was performed of the correlations between the individual obesity-related measurements and index items to explain the body shape characteristics and obesity trends in elderly women. To derive the equation for estimating the AFR of elderly women, the abdominal types of elderly women were classified, and then, the distribution of each type was investigated. Then, a simple regression analysis was performed in which the dependent variable is predicted by using a single predictor. The AFR and WHtR (Waist-Height Ratio) showed a higher correlation with the obesity-related measurement items and indexes; thus, an equation was derived that enables the estimation of the AFR using simple body measurements. Additionally, the morphological differences of the various abdomen types were analyzed to provide the trends of the abdomen types depending on the AFR in the elderly. This new model for estimating abdominal fat percentage developed in the present study is significant in that it uses relatively easy-to-obtain anthropometric measures like height and waist circumference. The results of the present study demonstrated the relationship between WHtR, which not only well reflects elderly obesity but is also closely related to the prevalence of obesity in the elderly. This finding suggests that the shape of the abdomen will serve as a potential health indicator in the future.This research was supported by the Support Program for Women in Science, Engineering, and Technology through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (No. 2019H1C3A1032224)