76 research outputs found
Higgs Phenomenology in the Minimal Dilaton Model after Run I of the LHC
The Minimal Dilaton Model (MDM) extends the Standard Model (SM) by a singlet
scalar, which can be viewed as a linear realization of general dilaton field.
This new scalar field mixes with the SM Higgs field to form two mass
eigenstates with one of them corresponding to the 125 GeV SM-like Higgs boson
reported by the LHC experiments. In this work, under various theoretical and
experimental constrains, we perform fits to the latest Higgs data and then
investigate the phenomenology of Higgs boson in both the heavy dilaton scenario
and the light dilaton scenario of the MDM. We find that: (i) If one considers
the ATLAS and CMS data separately, the MDM can explain each of them well, but
refer to different parameter space due to the apparent difference in the two
sets of data. If one considers the combined data of the LHC and Tevatron,
however, the explanation given by the MDM is not much better than the SM, and
the dilaton component in the 125-GeV Higgs is less than about 20% at 2 sigma
level. (ii) The current Higgs data have stronger constrains on the light
dilaton scenario than on the heavy dilaton scenario. (iii) The heavy dilaton
scenario can produce a Higgs triple self coupling much larger than the SM
value, and thus a significantly enhanced Higgs pair cross section at hadron
colliders. With a luminosity of 100 fb^{-1} (10 fb^{-1}) at the 14-TeV LHC, a
heavy dilaton of 400 GeV (500 GeV) can be examined. (iv) In the light dilaton
scenario, the Higgs exotic branching ratio can reach 43% (60%) at 2 sigma (3
sigma) level when considering only the CMS data, which may be detected at the
14-TeV LHC with a luminosity of 300 fb^{-1} and the Higgs Factory.Comment: 27 pages, 13 figures, discussions added, to appear in JHE
A light Higgs scalar in the NMSSM confronted with the latest LHC Higgs data
In the Next-to-Minimal Supersymemtric Standard Model (NMSSM), one of the
neutral Higgs scalars (CP-even or CP-odd) may be lighter than half of the
SM-like Higgs boson. In this case, the SM-like Higgs boson h can decay into
such a light scalar pair and consequently the diphoton and ZZ signal rates at
the LHC will be suppressed. In this work, we examine the constraints of the
latest LHC Higgs data on such a possibility. We perform a comprehensive scan
over the parameter space of the NMSSM by considering various experimental
constraints and find that the LHC Higgs data can readily constrain the
parameter space and the properties of the light scalar, e.g., at 3
level this light scalar should be highly singlet dominant and the branching
ratio of the SM-like Higgs boson decay into the scalar pair should be less than
about 30%. Also we investigate the detection of this scalar at various
colliders. Through a detailed Monte Carlo simulation we find that under the
constraints of the current Higgs data this light scalar can be accessible at
the LHC-14 with an integrated luminosity over 300 fb.Comment: Accepted by JHE
Responsible Active Learning via Human-in-the-loop Peer Study
Active learning has been proposed to reduce data annotation efforts by only
manually labelling representative data samples for training. Meanwhile, recent
active learning applications have benefited a lot from cloud computing services
with not only sufficient computational resources but also crowdsourcing
frameworks that include many humans in the active learning loop. However,
previous active learning methods that always require passing large-scale
unlabelled data to cloud may potentially raise significant data privacy issues.
To mitigate such a risk, we propose a responsible active learning method,
namely Peer Study Learning (PSL), to simultaneously preserve data privacy and
improve model stability. Specifically, we first introduce a human-in-the-loop
teacher-student architecture to isolate unlabelled data from the task learner
(teacher) on the cloud-side by maintaining an active learner (student) on the
client-side. During training, the task learner instructs the light-weight
active learner which then provides feedback on the active sampling criterion.
To further enhance the active learner via large-scale unlabelled data, we
introduce multiple peer students into the active learner which is trained by a
novel learning paradigm, including the In-Class Peer Study on labelled data and
the Out-of-Class Peer Study on unlabelled data. Lastly, we devise a
discrepancy-based active sampling criterion, Peer Study Feedback, that exploits
the variability of peer students to select the most informative data to improve
model stability. Extensive experiments demonstrate the superiority of the
proposed PSL over a wide range of active learning methods in both standard and
sensitive protection settings.Comment: 15 pages, 8 figure
Knowledge-Aware Federated Active Learning with Non-IID Data
Federated learning enables multiple decentralized clients to learn
collaboratively without sharing the local training data. However, the expensive
annotation cost to acquire data labels on local clients remains an obstacle in
utilizing local data. In this paper, we propose a federated active learning
paradigm to efficiently learn a global model with limited annotation budget
while protecting data privacy in a decentralized learning way. The main
challenge faced by federated active learning is the mismatch between the active
sampling goal of the global model on the server and that of the asynchronous
local clients. This becomes even more significant when data is distributed
non-IID across local clients. To address the aforementioned challenge, we
propose Knowledge-Aware Federated Active Learning (KAFAL), which consists of
Knowledge-Specialized Active Sampling (KSAS) and Knowledge-Compensatory
Federated Update (KCFU). KSAS is a novel active sampling method tailored for
the federated active learning problem. It deals with the mismatch challenge by
sampling actively based on the discrepancies between local and global models.
KSAS intensifies specialized knowledge in local clients, ensuring the sampled
data to be informative for both the local clients and the global model. KCFU,
in the meantime, deals with the client heterogeneity caused by limited data and
non-IID data distributions. It compensates for each client's ability in weak
classes by the assistance of the global model. Extensive experiments and
analyses are conducted to show the superiority of KSAS over the
state-of-the-art active learning methods and the efficiency of KCFU under the
federated active learning framework.Comment: 14 pages, 12 figure
A SM-like Higgs near 125 GeV in low energy SUSY: a comparative study for MSSM and NMSSM
Motivated by the recent LHC hints of a Higgs boson around 125 GeV, we assume
a SM-like Higgs with the mass 123-127 GeV and study its implication in low
energy SUSY by comparing the MSSM and NMSSM. We consider various experimental
constraints at 2-sigma level (including the muon g-2 and the dark matter relic
density) and perform a comprehensive scan over the parameter space of each
model. Then in the parameter space which is allowed by current experimental
constraints and also predicts a SM-like Higgs in 123-127 GeV, we examine the
properties of the sensitive parameters (like the top squark mass and the
trilinear coupling A_t) and calculate the rates of the di-photon signal and the
VV^* (V=W,Z) signals at the LHC. Our typical findings are: (i) In the MSSM the
top squark and A_t must be large and thus incur some fine-tuning, which can be
much ameliorated in the NMSSM; (ii) In the MSSM a light stau is needed to
enhance the di-photon rate of the SM-like Higgs to exceed its SM prediction,
while in the NMSSM the di-photon rate can be readily enhanced in several ways;
(iii) In the MSSM the signal rates of pp -> h -> VV^* at the LHC are never
enhanced compared with their SM predictions, while in the NMSSM they may get
enhanced significantly; (iv) A large part of the parameter space so far
survived will be soon covered by the expected XENON100(2012) sensitivity
(especially for the NMSSM).Comment: Version in JHEP (refs added
The regulations on cortical activation and functional connectivity of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex-primary somatosensory cortex elicited by acupuncture with reinforcing-reducing manipulation
IntroductionTraditional acupuncture with reinforcing-reducing manipulation is essential for clinical effectiveness, whereas the underlying central mechanism of it remains unknown. This study with multiple-channels functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) aims to explore cerebral-response modes during acupuncture with reinforcing-reducing manipulations.Materials and methodsFunctional near-infrared spectroscopy data were recorded from 35 healthy participants during the lifting-thrusting reinforcing manipulation, the lifting-thrusting reducing manipulation, and the even reinforcing-reducing manipulation with lifting-thrusting. The general linear model based (GLM) cortical activation analysis and the functional connectivity (FC) based on region of interest (ROI) analysis were combined to be conducted.ResultsIn comparison with the baseline, the results showed that three acupuncture with reinforcing-reducing manipulations similarly induced the hemodynamic responses in the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and increased FC between the DLPFC and primary somatosensory cortex (S1). Specifically, the even reinforcing-reducing manipulation deactivated the bilateral DLPFC, the frontopolar area (FP), the right primary motor cortex (M1), the bilateral S1, and the bilateral secondary somatosensory cortex (S2); The reducing manipulation deactivated the bilateral DLPFC; The reinforcing manipulation activated the bilateral DLPFC, the left S1, and the right S2. The between-group comparisons indicated that the reinforcing-reducing manipulation induced opposite hemodynamic responses in the bilateral DLPFC and the left S1 and exhibited different FC patterns in the left DLPFC-S1, within the right DLPFC, and between the left S1 and the left orbitofrontal cortex (OFC).ConclusionThese findings verified the feasibility of fNIRS for investigating cerebral functional activities of acupuncture manipulations, suggesting that the regulations on the DLPFC-S1 cortex may be the potential central mechanism for the realization of acupuncture with reinforcing-reducing manipulation’s effect.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier, ChiCTR2100051893
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