Effect of Graphene Oxide on Properties of Alkali-Activated Slag

Alkali-activated materials, a new kind of low-carbon cement, have received extensive attention. While in order to obtain excellent functions, the modification of alkali-activated materials by nano-materials has become one of the important research directions of alkali-activated materials. Therein, the hydration property, mechanical properties, and action mechanism of the alkali-activated slag with and without graphene oxide (GO) were analyzed and evaluated. Results showed the compressive strength of mortar decreased at 3 days and 28 days by adding GO. While the flexural strength of mortar cured for different ages increased with increasing GO content, and the flexural strength increasing rate reached up to 15.94% at 28 days, thus, the toughening effect of GO was significant. GO accelerated the hydration process of alkali-activated slag because the functional groups offered nucleation sites to induce the generation of more hydration products. Furthermore, the addition of GO increased the number of harmless pores and reduced the pore size, but also introduced a large number of harmful pores, resulting in the reduction of compressive strength

Regulation of the composition of metakaolin-based geopolymer: Effect of zeolite crystal seeds

Recently, geopolymer have received more attention due to their high temperature stability and was considered to be a suitable material for preparing fireproof materials. However, dehydration of geopolymer gel phase products at high temperatures has been found to restrict the improvement of its fire resistance. And crystals such as zeolite and zeolite-like were confirmed to possess high-temperature resistance. Therefore, in this study, the preparation of zeolite was referenced and the crystal seeds induction method was used to modulate the composition of metakaolin-based geopolymer. Aiming to transform the gelatinous products to crystals (zeolites) and improve their fire resistance. Effects of zeolite on the composition of the geopolymer phase and its modulation mechanism were explored by XRD, SEM, TG, FT-IR, and 29Si NMR. Results suggested that zeolite promoted the transformation of the geopolymer gel phase to the zeolite crystal phase. New crystals were first generated on the surface and around the original crystals, and their crystal size was significantly reduced. Moreover, the content of zeolite seeds played a vital role in regulating the geopolymer phase composition. The induction effect was optimum, and about 6.19 % of the gel phase was transformed into zeolite when the zeolite content was 10 %, which is conducive to improving the fire resistance of geopolymer. This study provides a novel method for the preparation of high-performance fireproof geopolymer materials

Comprehensive multi‐omics analysis of resectable locally advanced gastric cancer: Assessing response to neoadjuvant camrelizumab and chemotherapy in a single‐center, open‐label, single‐arm phase II trial

Abstract Background The current standard of care for locally advanced gastric cancer (GC) involves neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical surgery. Recently, neoadjuvant treatment for this condition has involved the exploration of immunotherapy plus chemotherapy as a potential approach. However, the efficacy remains uncertain. Methods A single‐arm, phase 2 study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of neoadjuvant camrelizumab combined with mFOLFOX6 and identify potential biomarkers of response through multi‐omics analysis in patients with resectable locally advanced GC. The primary endpoint was the pathological complete response (pCR) rate. Secondary endpoints included the R0 rate, near pCR rate, progression‐free survival (PFS), disease‐free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS). Multi‐omics analysis was assessed by whole‐exome sequencing, transcriptome sequencing, and multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) using biopsies pre‐ and post‐neoadjuvant therapy. Results This study involved 60 patients, of which 55 underwent gastrectomy. Among these, five (9.1%) attained a pathological complete response (pCR), and 11 (20.0%) reached near pCR. No unexpected treatment‐emergent adverse events or perioperative mortality were observed, and the regimen presented a manageable safety profile. Molecular changes identified through multi‐omics analysis correlated with treatment response, highlighting associations between HER2‐positive and CTNNB1 mutations with treatment sensitivity and a favourable prognosis. This finding was further supported by immune cell infiltration analysis and mIF. Expression data uncovered a risk model with four genes (RALYL, SCGN, CCKBR, NTS) linked to poor response. Additionally, post‐treatment infiltration of CD8+ T lymphocytes positively correlates with pathological response. Conclusion The findings suggest the combination of PD‐1‐inhibitor and mFOLFOX6 showed efficacy and acceptable toxicity for locally advanced GC. Extended follow‐up is required to determine the duration of the response. This study lays essential groundwork for developing precise neoadjuvant regimens