29,911 research outputs found
The Chinese Export Bundles - Patterns, Puzzles and Possible Explanations
Chinas exports have become increasingly sophisticated. This has generated anxiety in developed countries as the competitive pressure may be increasingly felt outside labor-intensive industries. Using product-level data on exports from different cities within China, this paper investigates the contributing factors to the rising export sophistication. Somewhat surprisingly, neither processing trade nor foreign invested firms are found to play an important role in generating the increased overlap in the export structure between China and high-income countries. Instead, improvement in human capital and government policies in the form of tax-favored high-tech zones appear to be the key in the countrys evolving export structure. On the other hand, processing trade, foreign invested firms, and government-sponsored high-tech zones all have contributed significantly to raising the unit values of Chinas exports within a given product category.China, India, Export sophistication, Export structure, high-tech zones, Human Capital
Ball: An R package for detecting distribution difference and association in metric spaces
The rapid development of modern technology facilitates the appearance of
numerous unprecedented complex data which do not satisfy the axioms of
Euclidean geometry, while most of the statistical hypothesis tests are
available in Euclidean or Hilbert spaces. To properly analyze the data of more
complicated structures, efforts have been made to solve the fundamental test
problems in more general spaces. In this paper, a publicly available R package
Ball is provided to implement Ball statistical test procedures for K-sample
distribution comparison and test of mutual independence in metric spaces, which
extend the test procedures for two sample distribution comparison and test of
independence. The tailormade algorithms as well as engineering techniques are
employed on the Ball package to speed up computation to the best of our
ability. Two real data analyses and several numerical studies have been
performed and the results certify the powerfulness of Ball package in analyzing
complex data, e.g., spherical data and symmetric positive matrix data
How Much of Chinese Exports is Really Made In China? Assessing Domestic Value-Added When Processing Trade is Pervasive
The rise of China in world trade has brought both benefits and anxiety to other economies. For many policy questions, it is crucial to know the extent of domestic value added (DVA) in exports, but the computation is more complicated when processing trade is pervasive. We propose a method for computing domestic and foreign contents that allows for processing trade. By our estimation, the share of domestic content in exports by the PRC was about 50% before China’s WTO membership, and has risen to over 60% since then. There are also interesting variations across sectors. Those sectors that are likely labeled as relatively sophisticated such as electronic devices have particularly low domestic content (about 30% or less).
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