Optimization of a Rapid Propagation System for Mass Production of High-Quality Plantlets of Trichosanthes kirilowii cv. ‘Yuelou-2’ via Organogenesis

Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim is a perennial plant possessing great medicinal and edible value. In this study, an efficient rapid propagation system was developed for in vitro production of high-quality plantlets of T. kirilowii cv. ‘Yuelou-2’ via organogenesis. Shoots were established from the nodal stems of this plant by cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium containing different concentrations of naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) according to a L9 (34) orthogonal array design. MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg l-1 6-BA alone conferred significant enhancement of shoot induction and development by variance and statistical analysis of shoot induction frequency, shoot length, as well as lateral shoot number and total node number per explant. Rooting percentage, root morphological characteristics, plantlet survival rate, as well as plantlet growth performance in vitro and ex vitro were comprehensively assessed, and results showed that the addition of 1.0 mg l-1 NAA to 1/2 MS medium was the most responsive for root induction and production of high-quality plantlets from the regenerated shoots. The in vitro propagation system described here has the potential for large-scale and rapid production of in vitro plantlets of seed variety of T. kirilowii in a sustainable manner

Transmission resonance in a composite plasmonic structure

The design, fabrication, and optical properties of a composite plasmonic structure, a two-dimentional array of split-ring resonators inserted into periodic square holes of a metal film, have been reported. A new type of transmission resonance, which makes a significant difference from the conventional peaks, has been suggested both theoretically and experimentally. To understand this effect, a mechanism of ring- resonance induced dipole emission is proposed.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figure

Insight-HXMT Measurements of the Diffuse X-ray Background

We present an X-ray spectrum of the diffuse X-ray background (DXRB) between 1.5 and 120 keV, as measured with the Low-Energy Detector (LE) and the High-Energy Detector (HE) aboard the Insight-HXMT satellite, based on 'blank-sky' observations. LE covers a nominal energy range of 1-15 keV and HE 20-250 keV, but calibration issues and data quality narrowed the energy range for this work. The LE background was directly measured with `blind' detector modules, while the HE background was derived from Earth-occultation data. With the LE data alone, the measured DXRB spectrum can be well described by a power law; fitting the LE and HE data jointly, however, a spectral cut-off must be introduced in the model to account for the measurements above 30 keV. Modelling the combined spectrum with a cut-off power law, the best-fit photon index is 1.40, normalisation $9.57$~$\rm ph~cm^{-2}~s^{-1}~keV^{-1}~sr^{-1}$ (at 1 keV), and cut-off energy 55 keV, after correcting for the effects of the Earth albedo and atmospheric emission (which are significant in the HE band). Based on the best-fit cut-off power law, we derived the spectral energy distribution (SED) of the DXRB. The shape of the SED is in general agreement with the published measurements, but the overall normalization is lower by varying amounts, except for the HEAO-1 result, with which our result is in good agreement.Comment: 9 pages, 14 figures, published in MNRA