Hawtrey and Robertson: A Comparison of their Views and Monetary Factors in the Business Cycle

The goal of this paper is to examine the parallels and differences present in the beliefs Hawtrey and Robertson held regarding the origins of, and policies to counteract the business cycle. The models developed by each will be presented. Differing viewpoints will be readily evident and comparisons will be made where they can

Remedies and Alternative Contracts

Contracts that contemplate alternative possible modes of performance, frequently referred to as alternative contracts, are common wherever written contracts are routinely used and relied upon. Nevertheless, courts in major legal systems have encountered enormous difficulty articulating a consistent and appropriate remedial principle to govern damages when such contracts are breached by the contracting party having the election to perform in alternative ways. This article analyzes this issue, and attempts to identify the most appropriate remedial principle for breaches of alternative contracts. To this end, Part I adopts a positive standpoint canvassing the rules governing remedies in a number of leading common law and civilian jurisdictions and illustrating in the process that remedies for breaches of alternative contracts are not consistently approached across jurisdictions. Indeed, even within several jurisdictions there are inconsistencies. Part II takes a normative approach to the question and illustrates that the most desirable remedial principle is a solution that has not yet been adopted for breaches of alternative contracts. Strikingly, we demonstrate that the ordinary common law remedy for breach of contract can be regarded as a special case of the most appropriate remedial approach for contracts with one or more modes of performance. Part III offers some thoughts regarding the possible reconciliation of Parts I and II, suggesting that existing rules may be normatively justified as the second-best in some circumstances. Part IV concludes with the suggestion that courts adopt the principle that the mode of performance that would be selected by the party with the election if specific performance were ordered be used for the purposes of assessing damages

TOO MANY COOKS: National Purpose and Equalization

(3) effective the same date. The Institute's chief objectives include: a) initiating and conducting research identifying current and emerging economic and public policy issues facing Atlantic Canadians and Canadians more generally, including research into the economic and social characteristics and potentials of Atlantic Canada and its four constituent provinces; b) investigating and analyzing the full range of options for public and private sector responses to the issues identified and acting as a catalyst for informed debate on those options, with a particular focus on strategies for overcoming Atlantic Canada's economic challenges in terms of regional disparities; c) communicating the conclusions of its research to a regional and national audience in a clear, non-partisan way; and d) sponsoring or organizing conferences, meetings, seminars, lectures. training programs, and publications, using all media of communication (including, without restriction, the electronic media) for the purpose of achieving these objectives