7,583 research outputs found
Testing Cosmological Models with Type Ic Super Luminous Supernovae
The use of type Ic Super Luminous Supernovae (SLSN Ic) to examine the
cosmological expansion introduces a new standard ruler with which to test
theoretical models. The sample suitable for this kind of work now includes 11
SLSNe Ic, which have thus far been used solely in tests involving CDM.
In this paper, we broaden the base of support for this new, important cosmic
probe by using these observations to carry out a one-on-one comparison between
the and CDM cosmologies. We individually optimize the
parameters in each cosmological model by minimizing the statistic.
We also carry out Monte Carlo simulations based on these current SLSN Ic
measurements to estimate how large the sample would have to be in order to rule
out either model at a confidence level. The currently available
sample indicates a likelihood of that the
Universe is the correct cosmology versus for the standard
model. These results are suggestive, though not yet compelling, given the
current limited number of SLSNe Ic. We find that if the real cosmology is
CDM, a sample of SLSNe Ic would be sufficient to rule out
at this level of confidence, while SLSNe Ic would be
required to rule out CDM if the real Universe is instead . This difference in required sample size reflects the greater number of
free parameters available to fit the data with CDM. If such SLSNe Ic
are commonly detected in the future, they could be a powerful tool for
constraining the dark-energy equation of state in CDM, and
differentiating between this model and the Universe.Comment: 33 pages, 9 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in AJ. arXiv
admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1405.2388, arXiv:1410.0875; text overlap
with arXiv:1409.4429 by other author
A Comparison of Cosmological Models Using Strong Gravitational Lensing Galaxies
Strongly gravitationally lensed quasar-galaxy systems allow us to compare
competing cosmologies as long as one can be reasonably sure of the mass
distribution within the intervening lens. In this paper, we assemble a catalog
of 69 such systems, and carry out a one-on-one comparison between the standard
model, LCDM, and the R_h=ct Universe. We find that both models account for the
lens observations quite well, though the precision of these measurements does
not appear to be good enough to favor one model over the other. Part of the
reason is the so-called bulge-halo conspiracy that, on average, results in a
baryonic velocity dispersion within a fraction of the optical effective radius
virtually identical to that expected for the whole luminous-dark matter
distribution. Given the limitations of doing precision cosmological testing
using the current sample, we also carry out Monte Carlo simulations based on
the current lens measurements to estimate how large the source catalog would
have to be in order to rule out either model at a ~99.7% confidence level. We
find that if the real cosmology is LCDM, a sample of ~200 strong gravitational
lenses would be sufficient to rule out R_h=ct at this level of accuracy, while
~300 strong gravitational lenses would be required to rule out LCDM if the real
Universe were instead R_h=ct. The difference in required sample size reflects
the greater number of free parameters available to fit the data with LCDM. We
point out that, should the R_h=ct Universe eventually emerge as the correct
cosmology, its lack of any free parameters for this kind of work will provide a
remarkably powerful probe of the mass structure in lensing galaxies, and a
means of better understanding the origin of the bulge-halo conspiracy.Comment: 34 Pages, 6 Figures and 5 Tables. Accepted for publication in the
Astronomical Journal. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1405.238
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