Additional file 8: of Heterogeneous rates of genome rearrangement contributed to the disparity of species richness in Ascomycota

Table S6. List of structural variants identified from the genome sequencing data of 216 strains. (XLSX 2424 kb

Additional file 2: of Heterogeneous rates of genome rearrangement contributed to the disparity of species richness in Ascomycota

Table S2. List of genes in 160 orthologous groups identified in this study. (XLSX 134 kb

Additional file 4: of Heterogeneous rates of genome rearrangement contributed to the disparity of species richness in Ascomycota

Figure S1. Examples of significant variation of pGOD among different chromosomal regions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Neurospora crassa. A sliding-windows analysis was performed to calculate the pGOD values among different chromosomal regions. Each window includes 50 genes and moves by every 25 genes. (PNG 240 kb

Additional file 3: of Heterogeneous rates of genome rearrangement contributed to the disparity of species richness in Ascomycota

Table S3. Raw data of gene order divergence and sequence distance. (XLSX 294 kb

Additional file 1: of Heterogeneous rates of genome rearrangement contributed to the disparity of species richness in Ascomycota

Table S1. List of species examined in this study and genome assembly version. (XLSX 16 kb

Preparation of Curcumin–Piperazine Coamorphous Phase and Fluorescence Spectroscopic and Density Functional Theory Simulation Studies on the Interaction with Bovine Serum Albumin

In the present study, a new coamorphous phase (CAP) of bioactive herbal ingredient curcumin (CUR) with high solubilitythe was screened with pharmaceutically acceptable coformers. Besides, to provide basic information for the best practice of physiological and pharmaceutical preparations of CUR-based CAP, the interaction between CUR-based CAP and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was studied at the molecular level in this paper. CAP of CUR and piperazine with molar ratio of 1:2 was prepared by EtOH-assisted grinding. The as-prepared CAP was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, modulated temperature differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier-transform infrared, and solid-state ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance. The 1:2 CAP stoichioimetry was sustained by CO···H hydrogen bonds between the N–H group of the piperazine and the CO group of CUR; piperazine stabilized the diketo structure of CUR in CAP. The dissolution rate of CUR−piperazine CAP in 30% ethanol−water was faster than that of CUR; the <i>t</i>₅₀ values were 243.1 min for CUR and 4.378 min for CAP. Furthermore, interactions of CUR and CUR–piperazine CAP with BSA were investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculation. The binding constants (<i>K</i>_b) of CUR and CUR–piperazine CAP with BSA were 10.0 and 9.1 × 10³ L mol^–1 at 298 K, respectively. Moreover, DFT simulation indicated that the interaction energy values of hydrogen-bonded interaction in the tryptophan-CUR and tryptophan-CUR–piperazine complex were −26.1 and −17.9 kJ mol^–1, respectively. In a conclusion, after formation of CUR–piperazine CAP, the interaction forces between CUR and BSA became weaker

Image_2_Axillary management in patients with clinical node-negative early breast cancer and positive sentinel lymph node: a systematic review and meta-analysis.tif

BackgroundThe omission of axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) or axillary radiation (AxRT) remains controversial in patients with clinical node-negative early breast cancer and a positive sentinel lymph node.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive review by searching PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases (up to November 2023). Our primary outcomes were overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), locoregional recurrence (LRR), and axillary recurrence (AR).ResultsWe included 26 studies encompassing 145,548 women with clinical node-negative early breast cancer and positive sentinel lymph node. Pooled data revealed no significant differences between ALND and sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) alone in terms of OS (hazard ratio [HR]0.99, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.91-1.08, p=0.84), DFS (HR 1.04, 95% CI 0.90-1.19, p=0.61), LRR (HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.45-1.20, p=0.31), and AR (HR 1.01, 95% CI 0.99-1.03, p=0.35). Similarly, no significant differences were observed between AxRT and SLNB alone for OS (HR 0.57, 95% CI 0.32-1.02, p=0.06) and DFS (HR 0.52, 95% CI 0.26-1.05, p=0.07). When comparing AxRT and ALND, a trend towards higher OS was observed the AxRT group (HR 0.08, 95% CI 0.67-1.15), but the difference did not reach statistical significance (p=0.35, I2 = 0%). Additionally, no significant differences significance observed for DFS or AR (p=0.13 and p=0.73, respectively) between the AxRT and ALND groups.ConclusionOur findings suggest that survival and recurrence rates are not inferior in patients with clinical node-negative early breast cancer and a positive sentinel lymph node who receive SLNB alone compared to those undergoing ALND or AxRT.</p

Image_1_Axillary management in patients with clinical node-negative early breast cancer and positive sentinel lymph node: a systematic review and meta-analysis.tif

BackgroundThe omission of axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) or axillary radiation (AxRT) remains controversial in patients with clinical node-negative early breast cancer and a positive sentinel lymph node.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive review by searching PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases (up to November 2023). Our primary outcomes were overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), locoregional recurrence (LRR), and axillary recurrence (AR).ResultsWe included 26 studies encompassing 145,548 women with clinical node-negative early breast cancer and positive sentinel lymph node. Pooled data revealed no significant differences between ALND and sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) alone in terms of OS (hazard ratio [HR]0.99, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.91-1.08, p=0.84), DFS (HR 1.04, 95% CI 0.90-1.19, p=0.61), LRR (HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.45-1.20, p=0.31), and AR (HR 1.01, 95% CI 0.99-1.03, p=0.35). Similarly, no significant differences were observed between AxRT and SLNB alone for OS (HR 0.57, 95% CI 0.32-1.02, p=0.06) and DFS (HR 0.52, 95% CI 0.26-1.05, p=0.07). When comparing AxRT and ALND, a trend towards higher OS was observed the AxRT group (HR 0.08, 95% CI 0.67-1.15), but the difference did not reach statistical significance (p=0.35, I2 = 0%). Additionally, no significant differences significance observed for DFS or AR (p=0.13 and p=0.73, respectively) between the AxRT and ALND groups.ConclusionOur findings suggest that survival and recurrence rates are not inferior in patients with clinical node-negative early breast cancer and a positive sentinel lymph node who receive SLNB alone compared to those undergoing ALND or AxRT.</p

Identification and Characterization of Long Non-Coding RNAs Related to Mouse Embryonic Brain Development from Available Transcriptomic Data

<div><p>Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as a key group of non-coding RNAs have gained widely attention. Though lncRNAs have been functionally annotated and systematic explored in higher mammals, few are under systematical identification and annotation. Owing to the expression specificity, known lncRNAs expressed in embryonic brain tissues remain still limited. Considering a large number of lncRNAs are only transcribed in brain tissues, studies of lncRNAs in developmental brain are therefore of special interest. Here, publicly available RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data in embryonic brain are integrated to identify thousands of embryonic brain lncRNAs by a customized pipeline. A significant proportion of novel transcripts have not been annotated by available genomic resources. The putative embryonic brain lncRNAs are shorter in length, less spliced and show less conservation than known genes. The expression of putative lncRNAs is in one tenth on average of known coding genes, while comparable with known lncRNAs. From chromatin data, putative embryonic brain lncRNAs are associated with active chromatin marks, comparable with known lncRNAs. Embryonic brain expressed lncRNAs are also indicated to have expression though not evident in adult brain. Gene Ontology analysis of putative embryonic brain lncRNAs suggests that they are associated with brain development. The putative lncRNAs are shown to be related to possible cis-regulatory roles in imprinting even themselves are deemed to be imprinted lncRNAs. Re-analysis of one knockdown data suggests that four regulators are associated with lncRNAs. Taken together, the identification and systematic analysis of putative lncRNAs would provide novel insights into uncharacterized mouse non-coding regions and the relationships with mammalian embryonic brain development.</p></div

Distribution of different number of hexanuclotide repeats in <i>C9ORF792</i> of treatment-resistant schizophrenia patients and controls of Chinese Han.

<p>772 haplotypes from 386 treatment-resistant schizophrenia patients and 664 haplotypes from 332 control cohorts were genotyped for their carrying the number of hexanuclotide repeat in <i>C9ORF792</i>. The X-axis shows the number of hexanuclotide repeat in <i>C9ORF792</i> and the Y-axis denotes the frequency of the repeats in the haplotypes. The frequency was calculated as the number of haplotypes carrying the hexanucleotide repeats divided by the number of total haplotypes.</p