867 research outputs found
Competitive Charging Station Pricing for Plug-in Electric Vehicles
This paper considers the problem of charging station pricing and plug-in
electric vehicles (PEVs) station selection. When a PEV needs to be charged, it
selects a charging station by considering the charging prices, waiting times,
and travel distances. Each charging station optimizes its charging price based
on the prediction of the PEVs' charging station selection decisions and the
other station's pricing decision, in order to maximize its profit. To obtain
insights of such a highly coupled system, we consider a one-dimensional system
with two competing charging stations and Poisson arriving PEVs. We propose a
multi-leader-multi-follower Stackelberg game model, in which the charging
stations (leaders) announce their charging prices in Stage I, and the PEVs
(followers) make their charging station selections in Stage II. We show that
there always exists a unique charging station selection equilibrium in Stage
II, and such equilibrium depends on the charging stations' service capacities
and the price difference between them. We then characterize the sufficient
conditions for the existence and uniqueness of the pricing equilibrium in Stage
I. We also develop a low complexity algorithm that efficiently computes the
pricing equilibrium and the subgame perfect equilibrium of the two-stage
Stackelberg game.Comment: 15 pages, 21 figure
Wireless Power Transfer and Data Collection in Wireless Sensor Networks
In a rechargeable wireless sensor network, the data packets are generated by
sensor nodes at a specific data rate, and transmitted to a base station.
Moreover, the base station transfers power to the nodes by using Wireless Power
Transfer (WPT) to extend their battery life. However, inadequately scheduling
WPT and data collection causes some of the nodes to drain their battery and
have their data buffer overflow, while the other nodes waste their harvested
energy, which is more than they need to transmit their packets. In this paper,
we investigate a novel optimal scheduling strategy, called EHMDP, aiming to
minimize data packet loss from a network of sensor nodes in terms of the nodes'
energy consumption and data queue state information. The scheduling problem is
first formulated by a centralized MDP model, assuming that the complete states
of each node are well known by the base station. This presents the upper bound
of the data that can be collected in a rechargeable wireless sensor network.
Next, we relax the assumption of the availability of full state information so
that the data transmission and WPT can be semi-decentralized. The simulation
results show that, in terms of network throughput and packet loss rate, the
proposed algorithm significantly improves the network performance.Comment: 30 pages, 8 figures, accepted to IEEE Transactions on Vehicular
Technolog
Parallel netCDF: A Scientific High-Performance I/O Interface
Dataset storage, exchange, and access play a critical role in scientific
applications. For such purposes netCDF serves as a portable and efficient file
format and programming interface, which is popular in numerous scientific
application domains. However, the original interface does not provide an
efficient mechanism for parallel data storage and access. In this work, we
present a new parallel interface for writing and reading netCDF datasets. This
interface is derived with minimum changes from the serial netCDF interface but
defines semantics for parallel access and is tailored for high performance. The
underlying parallel I/O is achieved through MPI-IO, allowing for dramatic
performance gains through the use of collective I/O optimizations. We compare
the implementation strategies with HDF5 and analyze both. Our tests indicate
programming convenience and significant I/O performance improvement with this
parallel netCDF interface.Comment: 10 pages,7 figure
The active control of macro-fiber composite over harmonic vibration of arc-plate structures
This paper offers an actuating equation for MFC arc-plate structures to obtain MFC’s accurate actuating force and actuating bending moment to are-plate structures and increase MFC control effect on vibration. This paper proposes the P1 type MFC arc-plate actuating equation which considers the recombination action of MFC and controlled structure, and arc-plate curvature influence on MFC, obtaining the MFC actuating force and actuating bending moment for arc-plate structures. The vibration control experiment of MFC arc-plate structures is performed, and the deviation between finite element simulation results adopting this equation and the experimental data is less than 8.5 %. The research shows that the P1 type MFC actuating equation deduced in this paper is correct and fully applicative to the MFC vibration control simulation to arc-plate structures
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