1,918 research outputs found
Observational evidence for a spin-up line in the P-Pdot diagram of millisecond pulsars
It is believed that millisecond pulsars attain their fast spins by accreting
matter and angular momentum from companion stars. Theoretical modelling of the
accretion process suggests a spin-up line in the period-period derivative
(-) diagram of millisecond pulsars, which plays an important role
in population studies of radio millisecond pulsars and accreting neutron stars
in X-ray binaries. Here we present observational evidence for such a spin-up
line using a sample of 143 radio pulsars with < 30 ms. We also find that
PSRs~J18233021A and J18242452A, located near the classic spin-up line,
are consistent with the broad population of millisecond pulsars. Finally, we
show that our approach of Bayesian inference can probe accretion physics,
allowing constraints to be placed on the accretion rate and the
disk-magnetosphere interaction.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication by ApJ
A description of the transverse momentum distributions of charged particles produced in heavy ion collisions at RHIC and LHC energies
By assuming the existing of memory effects and long-range interactions in the
hot and dense matter produced in high energy heavy ion collisions, the
nonextensive statistics together with the relativistic hydrodynamics including
phase transition is used to discuss the transverse momentum distributions of
charged particles produced in heavy ion collisions. It is shown that the
combined contributions from nonextensive statistics and hydrodynamics can give
a good description to the experimental data in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN )=
200 GeV and in Pb+Pb collisions at sqrt(s_NN) )= 2.76 TeV for pi^(+ -) , K^(+
-) in the whole measured transverse momentum region, and for p(p-bar) in the
region of p_T<= 2.0 GeV/c. This is different from our previous work, where, by
using the conventional statistics plus hydrodynamics, the describable region is
only limited in p_T<= 1.1 GeV/c.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures, 2 table
PACE: Improving Prompt with Actor-Critic Editing for Large Language Model
Large language models (LLMs) have showcased remarkable potential across
various tasks by conditioning on prompts. However, the quality of different
human-written prompts leads to substantial discrepancies in LLMs' performance,
and improving prompts usually necessitates considerable human effort and
expertise. To this end, this paper proposes Prompt with Actor-Critic Editing
(PACE) for LLMs to enable automatic prompt editing. Drawing inspiration from
the actor-critic algorithm in reinforcement learning, PACE leverages LLMs as
the dual roles of actors and critics, conceptualizing prompt as a type of
policy. PACE refines prompt, taking into account the feedback from both actors
performing prompt and critics criticizing response. This process helps LLMs
better align prompt to a specific task, thanks to real responses and thinking
from LLMs. We conduct extensive experiments on 24 instruction induction tasks
and 21 big-bench tasks. Experimental results indicate that PACE elevates the
relative performance of medium/low-quality human-written prompts by up to 98\%,
which has comparable performance to high-quality human-written prompts.
Moreover, PACE also exhibits notable efficacy for prompt generation
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