Understanding Children’s Travel Experiences via the Drawings

Previous studies primarily focused on the perspective of parents, giving little attention to the viewpoint of children. Exploring children\u27s travel experiences can be challenging both ethically and in terms of data collection. This study overcomes these difficulties by using children\u27s paintings as the method of data collection, which provides objective and measurable data. This study applied means-end chain (MEC) and content analysis to analyze the pictures. A total of 309 pictures were collected, and 13 Attributes(A), 11 Consequences(C), and 7 values(V) of children\u27s travel experience were identified through MEC. Results revealed that children place great value on participating in activities with their families, particularly those that provide joy, happiness, and hedonic value, such as theme parks, natural scenery, and cultural experiences. Therefore, future travel itineraries should include a variety of fun activities for kids to enhance the family travel experience

Selecting Key Resilience Indicators for Indigenous Community Using Fuzzy Delphi Method

Resilience is the concept that emphasizes change and adaptation and focuses on the capacity to absorb shocks and still maintain function. How can an Indigenous community assess the resilience of the tribe when it is affected by an array of obstacles? What are the assessment factors of resilience? This study consolidated relevant literature on resilience through in-depth interviews and the Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) to identify the resilience indicators for Indigenous community development. It eventually identified 5 domains, 26 types, and 45 evaluation indicators. The final indicators are divided into five domains: economic, social, cultural, environmental, and policy. The social resilience indicators: “the ability to overcome obstacles”, “the ability to accept stimuli”, and “the degree of connection between tribal and external resources” were not mentioned in the past studies of resilience. For the first time, the following cultural resilience indicator was also included: “maintain the traditional ancestral teachings and respect for ancestral norms”. Finally, this study suggests that follow-up research may extend these resilience indicators and apply them to other Indigenous tribes. These 26 types of assessment will also be the factors that must be considered in the process of adaptation and reconstruction when the community is faced with emergencies or catastrophes