Scenarios for growth in the 1990s

Using two macroeconomic models and results, the authors simulate global outcomes in the 1990s under several scenarios, allowing for the impact of: (a) changes in industrial countries'financial and macroeconomic conditions; (b) changes in the international oil market; and (c) changes in developing countries'domestic policies under varying assumptions about the world economy and trading environment. They find that an increase in the growth rate in industrial countries has an unambiguously positive effect on the growth rate in developing countries, but that the magnitude of the impact depends largely on the level of real international interest rates. To an extent, low real interest rates together with continuing financial flows to the developingcountries could cushion the negative impact on developing countries of the recession in industrial countries. The authors'simulations reinforce the argument that developing countries'domestic policies play a crucial role in determining long-run growth, inflation, and interest rates. The simulation results show that as world oil prices become more volatile, so do world inflation, interest, and GDP growth rates. The results also show the superiority of non-debt-creating flows to debt-creating, interest-sensitive flows to developing countries, in terms of long-term sustainable growth.Environmental Economics&Policies,Economic Theory&Research,Macroeconomic Management,Achieving Shared Growth,Insurance&Risk Mitigation

On the degree of extensions generated by finitely many algebraic numbers

AbstractA general criterion which may be viewed as a natural generalization of Eisenstein's criterion to a finite number of algebraic numbers over an arbitrary number field K is given. As a consequence of this criterion, sufficient conditions for the following general problems are obtained: Problem 1: Let x1, x2, …, xs be algebraic numbers with degrees ≤ n1, n2, …, ns over K, respectively. When does the field K(x1, x2, …, xs) have degree n1n2 … ns over K?Problem 2: Let x1, x2, …, xs be as stated in problem 1. Under what conditions is x1 + x2 + … + xs a primitive element of K(x1, x2, …, xs) over K?A series of interesting corollaries of our main results is also given. For example, we show that the algebraic number p11n1 + p21n2 + … + Ps1ns has degree n1n2 … ns over Q, where p1, p2, …, ps are distinct primes

The consistency of estimator under fixed design regression model with NQD errors

In this article, basing on NQD samples, we investigate the fixed design nonparametric regression model, where the errors are pairwise NQD random errors, with fixed design points, and an unknown function. Nonparametric weighted estimator will be introduced and its consistency is studied. As special case, the consistency result for weighted kernel estimators of the model is obtained. This extends the earlier work on independent random and dependent random errors to NQD case

Tailoring Bulk Photovoltaic Effects in Magnetic Sliding Ferroelectric Materials

The bulk photovoltaic effect that is intimately associated with crystalline symmetry has been extensively studied in various nonmagnetic materials, especially ferroelectrics with a switchable electric polarization. In order to further engineer the symmetry, one could resort to spin-polarized systems possessing an extra magnetic degree of freedom. Here, we investigate the bulk photovoltaic effect in two-dimensional magnetic sliding ferroelectric (MSFE) systems, illustrated in VSe2, FeCl2, and CrI3 bilayers. The transition metal elements in these systems exhibit intrinsic spin polarization, and the stacking mismatch between the two layers produce a finite out-of-plane electric dipole. Through symmetry analyses and first-principles calculations, we show that photoinduced in-plane bulk photovoltaic current can be effectively tuned by their magnetic order and the out-of-plane dipole moment. The underlying mechanism is elucidated from the quantum metric dipole distribution in the reciprocal space. The ease of the fabrication and manipulation of MSFEs guarantee practical optoelectronic applications

Correction: Zhou, Z.-B. et al. Receptor-Mediated Vascular Smooth Muscle Migration Induced by LPA Involves p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway Activation. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2009, 10, 3194–3208

Due to personal reasons, I left the research group. In accordance with the regulations of the funding institution, Xiamen Health Administration, China, I hereby declare a withdrawal of my signature, Zhi-Jun Zhang, from this paper. [...

A SMART WIDE-AREA MONITORING SYSTEM BASED ON COGNITIVE RADIO

ABSTRAC