The LAMOST Complete Spectroscopic Survey of Pointing Area (LaCoSSPAr) in the Southern Galactic Cap I. The Spectroscopic Redshift Catalog

We present a spectroscopic redshift catalog from the LAMOST Complete Spectroscopic Survey of Pointing Area (LaCoSSPAr) in the Southern Galactic Cap (SGC), which is designed to observe all sources (Galactic and extra-galactic) by using repeating observations with a limiting magnitude of $r=18.1~mag$ in two $20~deg^2$ fields. The project is mainly focusing on the completeness of LAMOST ExtraGAlactic Surveys (LEGAS) in the SGC, the deficiencies of source selection methods and the basic performance parameters of LAMOST telescope. In both fields, more than 95% of galaxies have been observed. A post-processing has been applied to LAMOST 1D spectrum to remove the majority of remaining sky background residuals. More than 10,000 spectra have been visually inspected to measure the redshift by using combinations of different emission/absorption features with uncertainty of $\sigma_{z}/(1+z)<0.001$. In total, there are 1528 redshifts (623 absorption and 905 emission line galaxies) in Field A and 1570 redshifts (569 absorption and 1001 emission line galaxies) in Field B have been measured. The results show that it is possible to derive redshift from low SNR galaxies with our post-processing and visual inspection. Our analysis also indicates that up to 1/4 of the input targets for a typical extra-galactic spectroscopic survey might be unreliable. The multi-wavelength data analysis shows that the majority of mid-infrared-detected absorption (91.3%) and emission line galaxies (93.3%) can be well separated by an empirical criterion of $W2-W3=2.4$. Meanwhile, a fainter sequence paralleled to the main population of galaxies has been witnessed both in $M_r$/$W2-W3$ and $M_*$/$W2-W3$ diagrams, which could be the population of luminous dwarf galaxies but contaminated by the edge-on/highly inclined galaxies ($\sim30\%$).Comment: 19 pages, 14 figures, 2 MRT, accepted by ApJ

Biogas production of Chicken Manure by Two-stage fermentation process

This paper performs a batch experiment for pre-acidification treatment and methane production from chicken manure by the two-stage anaerobic fermentation process. Results shows that the acetate was the main component in volatile fatty acids produced at the end of pre-acidification stage, accounting for 68% of the total amount. The daily biogas production experienced three peak period in methane production stage, and the methane content reached 60% in the second period and then slowly reduced to 44.5% in the third period. The cumulative methane production was fitted by modified Gompertz equation, and the kinetic parameters of the methane production potential, the maximum methane production rate and lag phase time were 345.2 ml, 0.948 ml/h and 343.5 h, respectively. The methane yield of 183 ml-CH4/g-VSremoved during the methane production stage and VS removal efficiency of 52.7% for the whole fermentation process were achieved

Retrieval of Soil Moisture Content Based on Multisatellite Dual-Frequency Combination Multipath Errors

Global navigation satellite system interferometric reflectometry (GNSS-IR) is a new type of microwave remote sensing technology that can measure soil moisture content (SMC). GNSS-IR soil moisture retrieval methods based on the satellite signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and triple-frequency signal combination have the following shortcomings: SNR does not always exist in the original GNSS file, and the number of triple-frequency signal observation satellites is small, resulting in GNSS-IR soil moisture observation time resolution being low. Based on the above problems, in this study, we constructed a soil moisture inversion method based on multisatellite dual-frequency combined multipath error is proposed: the multipath error calculation model of dual-frequency carrier phase (L4 Ionosphere Free, L4_IF) and dual-frequency pseudorange (DFP) without ionospheric effect is constructed. We selected the data of the five epochs before and after the time point of the effective satellite period to construct the multipath error model and error equation, and we solved the delay phase for soil moisture retrieval. We verified the method using Plate Boundary Observatory (PBO) P041 site data. The results showed that the Pearson correlation coefficients (R) of L4_IF and DFP methods at P041 station are 0.97 and 0.91, respectively. To better verify the results&rsquo; reliability and the proposed method&rsquo;s effectiveness, the soil moisture data of the MFLE station about 210 m away from P041 station are used as the verification data in this paper. The results showed that the delay phase solved by multipath error and soil moisture strongly correlate. Pearson correlation coefficients (R) of L4_IF and DFP methods at MFLE station are 0.93 and 0.86, respectively. In order to improve the inversion accuracy of GNSS-IR soil moisture, this paper constructs the prediction model of soil moisture by using the linear regression (ULR), back propagation neural network (BPNN) and radial basis function neural network (RBFNN), and evaluates the accuracy of each model. The results showed that the soil moisture retrieval method based on multisatellite dual-frequency combined multipath error can replace the traditional retrieval method and effectively improve the time resolution of GNSS-IR soil moisture estimation. To perform highly dynamic monitoring of soil moisture, higher retrieval accuracy can only be obtained with a small epoch multipath error

Integration-free reprogramming of human umbilical arterial endothelial cells into induced pluripotent stem cells IHSTMi001-A

Primary arterial endothelial cell (AEC) is an attractive source of tissue-engineered blood vessels for therapeutic transplantation in vascular disease. However, scarcity of donor tissue, inability of proliferation and undergo de-differentiation in culture remain major obstacles. We derived a stable induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line possessed all the characteristics of pluripotent state from human umbilical arterial endothelial cells by transduction of four human transcription factors (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc) using sendai virus vectors. It will likely facilitate to lineage differentiate and generate sufficient AECs for clinical use in cardiovascular disease based on epigenetic memory of the tissue of origin

Identification of MicroRNA for Intermuscular Bone Development in Blunt Snout Bream (Megalobrama amblycephala)

Intermuscular bone (IB), which occurs only in the myosepta of the lower teleosts, is attracting more attention of researchers due to its particular development and lack of genetic information. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as important regulators for biological processes. In the present study, miRNAs from IBs and connective tissue (CT; encircled IBs) from six-month-old Megalobrama amblycephala were characterized and compared. The results revealed the sequences and expression levels of 218 known miRNA genes (belonging to 97 families). Of these miRNAs, 44 known microRNA sequences exhibited significant expression differences between the two libraries, with 24 and 20 differentially-expressed miRNAs exhibiting higher expression in the CT and IBs libraries, respectively. The expressions of 11 miRNAs were selected to validate in nine tissues. Among the high-ranked predicted gene targets, differentiation, cell cycle, metabolism, signal transduction and transcriptional regulation were implicated. The pathway analysis of differentially-expressed miRNAs indicated that they were abundantly involved in regulating the development and differentiation of IBs and CT. This study characterized the miRNA for IBs of teleosts for the first time, which provides an opportunity for further understanding of miRNA function in the regulation of IB development