Anisotropic magneto-resistance in MgO-based magnetic tunnel junctions induced by spin-orbit coupling

We performed a first-principles study of the tunneling anisotropic magneto-resistance (TAMR) in Ag(Ir,Pt)$/$MgO$/$Fe junctions. Enhanced TAMR with ideal and skewed fourfold angular dependence is found in-plane and out-of-plane TAMR of the system, respectively, which shows simple barrier thickness dependency with number around 10\% in some junctions. The complex angular dependency of the interfacial resonant states due to the spin-orbit coupling should be responsible to the complex and enhanced TAMR found in these junctions.Comment: 6 pages, 8 figure

Deviation analysis of rotational inertia measurement based on torsion bar method

The test of moment of inertia has a wide range of applications in aerospace, vehicle engineering, precision machinery, motors and other fields, moment of inertia directly affects the reliability and performance of components or equipment, it is very essential to test the moment of inertia. By analyzing the principle of moment of inertia test, we could come to the conclusion that the theoretical value, the inertia of the disk, the period of the torsion swing of the standard body and the period of the empty disk of the moment of inertia and the moment of inertia of the standard body. By analyzing the measurement error, position error and damping during the test, we could reach the following conclusion that the test accuracy of the moment of inertia can reach 0.1 %

Light-Matter interactions in Hofstadter lattice with the next-nearest neighbor couplings

The light-mater interactions for an emitter coupling to the bulk region of a Hofstadter lattice has recently investigated by De Bernardis \textit{et al.} [D. De Bernardis, Z.-P. Cian, I. Carusotto, M. Hafezi, and P. Rabl, \href{https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.103603}{Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 103603 (2021)}]. We propose the light-mater interactions in an extended Hofstadter lattice with the next-nearest neighbor (NNN) couplings. Compared with the standard Hofstadter lattice, the NNN couplings break the mirror symmetry and the energy bands are not flat, i.e., dispersive with nonzero group velocity. In contrast to the study by De Bernardis \textit{et al.}, when a two-level emitter interacts with the bulk region of extended Hofstadter lattice, the emitter is no longer tapped by the coherent oscillations with the flat band, and can radiate photons unidirectional. The chiral mechanism stems from the broken parity symmetry. Both the radiation rate and the chirality periodically change with the emitter's coupling position. All of those particular features can be realized on the photonic lattice platform and may find potential application in chiral quantum information processing.Comment: 9 pages and 5 figure

A Calculation Method for Quantitative X-Ray Microanalysis for Microparticle Specimens by Monte Carlo Simulation

A calculation method for quantitative X-ray microanalysis (QXMA) for microparticle specimens of a compound with various shapes is proposed in this paper. On the basis of a simplified physical model, the scattering of electrons in particles is calculated by Monte Carlo simulation. We have derived a series of evaluation formulae of the absorption and fluorescence of characteristic X-rays for the particles with regular shapes. With the use of these theories, along with an iteration calculation, compositions of microparticle specimens can be obtained from the measured X-ray intensity ratios. In order to examine the reliability of the method, a large number of electron probe experiments and analysis calculations were carried out for the microparticle specimens of a variety of geometric shapes, dimensions and compositions. Agreement of calculated concentrations using our method with known compositions of the analyzed particle specimens is fairly good. In practical work, calculation formulae for particle specimens with irregular shapes can be replaced by those of particles with approximate regular shapes

Chinese industrial air pollution emissions based on the continuous emission monitoring systems network

As the world's largest industrial producer, China has generated large amount of industrial atmospheric pollution, particularly for particulate matter (PM), SO2 and NOx emissions. A nationwide, time-varying, and up-to-date air pollutant emission inventory by industrial sources has great significance to understanding industrial emission characteristics. Here, we present a nationwide database of industrial emissions named Chinese Industrial Emissions Database (CIED), using the real smokestack concentrations from China's continuous emission monitoring systems (CEMS) network during 2015-2018 to enhance the estimation accuracy. This hourly, source-level CEMS data enables us to directly estimate industrial emission factors and absolute emissions, avoiding the use of many assumptions and indirect parameters that are common in existing research. The uncertainty analysis of CIED database shows that the uncertainty ranges are quite small, within ±7.2% for emission factors and ±4.0% for emissions, indicating the reliability of our estimates. This dataset provides specific information on smokestack concentrations, emissions factors, activity data and absolute emissions for China's industrial emission sources, which can offer insights into associated scientific studies and future policymaking

Development and evaluation of a Traditional Chinese Medicine syndrome questionnaire for measuring sub-optimal health status in China

AbstractObjectiveSub-optimal health status (SHS), in which a person's mind and body exists in a low-quality state of being between disease and health, has become a public health problem that cannot be ignored in China. SHS measurement presents a challenge to the academic fields. We developed and evaluated a questionnaire from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that embodies the features of TCM syndrome diagnosis for measuring SHS in China.MethodsThe construction of the theoretical framework of the questionnaire was based on a literature review, an expert questionnaire survey and group interviews. The subscales and questionnaire items were screened through a pilot study using statistical means and qualitative analysis. Reliability tests that were used included test-retest reliability, Cronbach's α coefficient, split-half reliability; validity tests included content validity, criterion validity, discrimination validity and construct validity.ResultsThe final questionnaire, the SHSQ-50, included 50 five-class quantifiable items that encompassed nine subscales: liver stagnation syndrome, liver-Qi deficiency syndrome, spleen-Qi deficiency syndrome, liver-fire syndrome, heart-fire syndrome, stomach-fire syndrome, heart-Qi deficiency syndrome, lung-Qi deficiency syndrome and dampness syndrome. Questionnaires were completed by 268 of the 288 SHS subjects (93.0%) and by 86 of the 94 healthy subjects (91.5%). The Cronbach α coefficients, split-half coefficients and stability coefficients ranged from 0.70 to 0.95, 0.67 to 0.87 and 0.88 to 0.98, respectively, for the overall scores and subscales. The Wilcoxon rank test showed statistically significant differences in the subscales and overall scores between the SHS group and the healthy group (P<0.01). Twelve factors with an eigenvalue greater than one were extracted by factor analysis and merged into nine factors, for which the cumulative contribution rate was 63.63%. The nine factors were corresponded to the overall structure of the questionnaire.ConclusionThe SHSQ-50 is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring TCM syndrome diagnosis of SHS in China

Clinicopathological and molecular markers associated with prognosis and treatment effectiveness of endometrial stromal sarcoma: a retrospective study in China

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinicopathological and immunophenotypic characteristics of endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) in China. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Seventy-two consecutive ESS cases treated between 1995 and 2009 were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: Sixty-three patients received surgical treatment. Forty-one patients underwent pelvic lymphadenectomy. In paraffin-embedded specimens, expression of the following molecular markers was detected: CD10 (27/36), vimentin (37/38), HHF35 (3/32), S-100 (0/25), desmin (2/29), CD117 (0/23), CD34 (2/24), alpha-inhibin (0/17), CK (1/34), CD99 (4/9), smooth muscle actin (5/25), EMA (0/7), estrogen receptor (13/16) and progesterone receptor (13/16). CD10 and vimentin were expressed more frequently in these specimens. Tumor classification, CD10 and surgical procedures were significantly associated with disease-free survival (DFS). Surgical procedures were significantly associated with overall survival (OS). Tumor stage (P = 0.024) and surgical procedure (P = 0.042) were found to be significant independent prognostic factors for DFS. No complete or partial response was observed among patients who received radiotherapy or chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy followed by pelvic lymphadenectomy is associated with an improved treatment outcome. CD10-negative expression may contribute to the malignant characteristics and recurrence associated with ESS