A randomized clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of the sandwich bone augmentation technique in increasing buccal bone thickness during implant placement surgery

Objectives Sandwich bone augmentation ( SBA ) has been proposed to augment the width of edentulous ridges for implant placement. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a membrane on SBA for the regeneration of buccal implant dehiscence defects. Material and methods Twenty‐six healthy patients, each with a single defect, were randomly assigned into two groups. Both groups received an inner and outer layer of mineralized human cancellous and cortical particulate allograft. In the test group, a bovine pericardium membrane covered the bone grafts, while no membrane was placed in the control group. Cone beam computed tomography ( CBCT ) scans were taken before and immediately after implant placement and at 6 months post‐surgery. Results All implants placed were successfully osseointegrated at 6 months. Clinical re‐entry measurements showed significant buccal bone gain in the test group compared with the control group ( P   0.05). Cone beam computed tomography analysis demonstrated significant buccal bone gain of 1.22 mm in the test group. Radiographic vertical bone loss at 1‐year post‐surgery showed no significant differences between the groups. Conclusion Sandwich bone augmentation is a predictable technique for regenerating buccal bone on implant dehiscence defects. Addition of a barrier membrane prevented significant horizontal buccal bone resorption as space was maintained more effectively when compared with sites treated without a membrane.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/106765/1/clr12171.pd

Cervical Enamel Projections in Unusual Locations: A Case Report and Miniâ Review

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/142078/1/jper0789.pd

Identification and pathogenicity of Aeromonas veronii isolated from sexually mature female Hypophthalmichthys molitrix

An outbreak of bacterial septicemia in female silver carp *Hypophthalmichthys molitrix*, which caused significant death of the fish in the Yantian Reservoir, was investigated. The pathogen was isolated from diseased fish and identified as *Aeromonas veronii* utilizing biochemical characteristics and molecular methods analyses. An artificial infection experiment indicated that the strain caused 100% mortality of juvenile silver carp and mature female fish with eggs but no death of the mature male fish. Silver carp challenged with *A. veronii* showed similar clinical signs with naturally infected fish. The histopathological study revealed that *A. veronii* infection caused the increment of hemosiderin granules and the vacuole formation in tissues of the spleen and livers, as well as the collapse, deformation, and disintegration of egg cells. The ACP, AKP, and CAT enzyme activities in the serum of both naturally and artificially infected silver carp were decreased significantly with the severe infection. In this study, *A. veronii* was isolated and identified as the primary bacterial pathogen causing the mass death of sexually mature female silver carp with eggs in Yantian Reservoir

Associations of road traffic noise and its frequency spectrum with prevalent depression in Taichung, Taiwan

IntroductionExposure to road traffic noise has been reported to be associated with depression in many epidemiological studies, but the association between noise frequency spectrum and depression remains unclear. This community-based study investigated the associations between road traffic noise exposure and its frequency components with prevalent depression.MethodsA total of 3,191 residents living in Taichung who participated in the Taiwan Biobank between 2010 and 2017, were included as study participants. The land-use regression models were used to evaluate individual annual average values of A-weighted equivalent sound level over 24 h (Leq,24h) and particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm (PM2.5) using the geographic information system. Multiple logistic regression was applied to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) for depression after adjusting for potential risk factors and PM2.5.ResultsAn interquartile range increase in Leq,24h at full frequency (4.7 dBA), 1,000 Hz (5.2 dB), and 2,000 Hz (4.8 dB) was significantly associated with an elevated risk for depression with ORs of 1.62 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03, 2.55), 1.58 (95% CI: 1.05, 2.37), and 1.58 (95% CI:1.03, 2.43), respectively, by controlling for PM2.5. The high-exposure group (≥3rd quartile median of noise levels) at full frequency, 1,000 Hz, and 2,000 Hz had an increased risk for depression with ORs of 2.65 (95% CI: 1.16–6.05), 2.47 (95% CI: 1.07–5.70), and 2.60 (95% CI: 1.10–6.12), respectively, compared with the reference group (<1st quartile of noise levels) after adjustment for PM2.5. Significant exposure-response trends were observed between the prevalent depression and noise exposure by quartiles at full frequency, 1,000 Hz, and 2,000 Hz (all p < 0.05).ConclusionExposure to road traffic noise may be associated with an increased prevalence of depression, particularly at 1,000 and 2,000 Hz

Retrograde Periâ Implantitis: A Case Report Introducing an Approach to Its Management

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141239/1/jper1080.pd

A Variant of the Histone-Binding Protein sNASP Contributes to Mouse Lupus

The Sle2c1rec1c (rec1c) sublocus is derived from the mouse lupus susceptibility 2 (Sle2) locus identified in the NZM2410 model. Our current study dissected the functional characters and the genetic basis of the rec1c locus relative to lupus when co-expressed with the Faslpr mutation, an established inducer of autoimmunity. The rec1c.lpr mice exhibited mild expansion of lymph nodes and had a normal T cell cellularity, but developed significantly kidney and lung inflammation, indicating that the rec1c amplifies lpr-induced autoimmune pathogenesis. A variant of somatic nuclear autoantigenic sperm protein (sNASP) was identified from the rec1c interval as a substitution of two consecutive amino acid residues in the histone-binding domain, resulting in an increased binding affinity to histone H4 and H3.1/H4 tetramer. To determine the role of the sNASP rec1c allele in mouse lupus, a novel strain was generated by introducing the rec1c mutations into the B6 genome. In this transgenic model, the sNASP allele synergized with the lpr mutation leading to moderate autoimmune phenotypes and aggravating inflammatory pathology alterations in kidney and lung that were similar to those observed in the rec1c.lpr mice. These results establish that the sNASP allele is a pathogenic genetic element in the rec1c sublocus, which not only promotes autoimmunity, but also exacerbates the inflammation reaction of end organs in mouse lupus pathogenesis. It also shows the complexity of the Sle2c locus, initially mapped as the major locus associated with B1a cell expansion. In addition to Cdkn2c, which regulates this expansion, we have now identified in the same locus a protective allele of Csf3r, a variant of Skint6 associated with T cell activation, and now a variant of sNASP that amplifies autoimmunity and tissue damage

Practice on the Watershed Hydrological Experimental System Reconciling Deterministic and Stochastic Subjects Based on the System Complexity: 1. Theoretical Study

This is the first of a two-part series on the watershed hydrological experimental system (WHES). Since the foundational stage and developmental stage of hydrological basin study with a duration of more than ca. one century, facing with the changing environment and, the declined risk of field study while the catchment hydrology is trapped in a theoretical impasse, a third phase of renovation on hydrological experiments seems ready to come out inevitably. Learned from Chinese decades’ experiences on the field basin study for the question of what is wrong with the status quo, our exploratory idea is reported in this part. From the viewpoint of general system theory based on the paralleled concepts of the ancient Chinese and the Western, it is considered that the adequate method should face the characters of the complex dynamic system instead of previous static, linear system. From the viewpoint of another philosophical paralleled concept of the Middle Way, it should also face the operation and organizing of the mesoscopic systems for the organized complexity. Then, a framework of WHES is suggested with its organization based on the strategy of constrain complexity and add complexity and on the strategy of manipulation including the artificial-natural and controlled-natural objects. Such a trial framework, the Chuzhou WHES, is reported including the suggested critical zone experimental block (CZEB) instead of the experimental basin (EB) in the last decades

Practices on the Watershed Hydrological Experimental System Reconciling Deterministic and Stochastic Subjects Based on the System Complexity: 2. Practice and Test

This is the second of a two-part series on the watershed hydrological experimental system (WHES) aimed at practice and test of it at Chuzhou Hydrology Laboratory. It constitutes both natural and artificial entities of different scales, within which two typical main subjects are reviewed here. First is a natural watershed Nandadish, which is subjected to be a Critical Zone Experimental Block, under manipulation strategy of constrain complexity to compare with the pure natural watersheds, it is the controlled-natural as we termed. Second is an artificial catchment Hydrohill, under the strategy of add complexity to compare with the simple artificial lysimeters, it is the artificial-natural as we termed. The constructions and instrumentations of these experimental catchments are reviewed, especially their renovation version during recent years after a long abandonment. Some results get during the operation of Chuzhou WHES are outlined here as well