Dynamic analysis of holiday travel behaviour with integrated multimodal travel information usage: A life-oriented approach

The Integrated Multimodal Travel Information (IMTI) plays an important role in the evolution process of holiday travel behaviour, which is seldom investigated. To fill this gap, this study analyses holiday travel behaviour dynamics with IMTI usage, based on the life-oriented approach. IMTI usage is taken as a separate life domain in this study, and a two-way relationship between holiday travel biography and IMTI usage biography over the life course, is examined after controlling for the effects of residential, household structure, employment/education, and car ownership biographies. Based on the web-based life history survey data, statistical characteristics of mobilities in each life biography are first analysed. Then, different random-effects ordered logistic models are established to investigate the biographical interdependencies from three aspects: intra-domain interdependency, inter-domain interdependency and outer-domain interdependency. The results show that the life biography is not only affected by a personal life course, but also affected by external background of the times. Under the interaction of inner individual factors and outer environment factors, there is an obvious dynamic two-way relationship between holiday travel biography and IMTI usage biography. Meanwhile, residential, household structure, employment/education and car ownership biographies have significant effects on these two life biographies. Especially, the influence of long-term state dependence for different life domains, over the life course, is much more obvious when explaining holiday travel behaviour dynamics and IMTI usage mobilities. Therefore, the life-oriented approach provides a valid method for analysing the dynamics of holiday travel behaviour with IMTI usage

The Development of Chinese and Foreign Literary Films – Comparison between China and foreign countries

Chinese literary film is a new way of expressing Chinese native culture, inheriting and carrying forward Chinese humanistic feelings in a new form. Since 1948, Chinese literary films have experienced the development, decline and recovery of literary films, and now it is the golden stage of recovery of literary films. The new generation of directors urgently needs to learn from the successful development experience of foreign literary films, add Chinese thinking and Chinese thinking on the basis of the complete foreign art film industry chain, and build Chinese literary films into a new business card of Chinese culture in the 21st century. This article reviews the development history of art films in China, compares it with that of foreign art films, and analyzes the way out suitable for the recovery of Chinese art films by drawing on the successful experience of the development of foreign Nordic art films. Try a new way to help Chinese literary films attract more viewers at home and enter the international stage. With film as the seventh art as the carrier, this paper has stepped out of the new route to carry forward the charm of traditional Chinese culture, created China’s own good films