Connective tissue disorders in pregnancy: maternal and fetal perspective

Background: The objective of this study was to study maternal and fetal outcome in connective tissue disorders in pregnancy.Methods: This was a retrospective type of observational study done in department of obstetrics and gynecology and department of rheumatology at a King Edward Memorial hospital over a period of 1.5 years. 48 women were included in this study after informed consent. All these women presented with collagen disorders to ANC outpatient department or to rheumatology outpatient department or in emergency. All postpartum patients having connective tissue disorders not recruited during ANC were also included in this study after taking their written, informed and valid consent.Results: Connective tissue disorders are associated with multiple voluntary and involuntary abortions as well as intrauterine fetal deaths. Even in those women having live births, many undergo cesarean sections due to various indications like fetal distress, poor biophysical profile, non-reassuring non stress test etc. Neonates born to mothers with connective tissue disorders are growth restricted and many of them need intensive care admission. Also, these women were found to have multiple associated medical comorbidities in pregnancy.Conclusions: The data collected and the results arrived upon should help contribute significant literature regarding collagen disorders in pregnancy and help in better fetal and maternal management during pregnancy

Analytical approach to assess anti-nutritional factors of grains and oilseeds: A comprehensive review

This review aims to explore the various antinutritional factors found in grains and oilseeds, their sources, and the different methods employed to mitigate their effects. Both traditional and innovative processing techniques have been utilized to reduce antinutrients. Traditional methods such as dehulling, soaking, boiling, pressure cooking, sprouting, and fermentation have proven effective in reducing specific antinutrients like α-galactosides, phytic acid, enzyme inhibitors, lathyrogens, lectins, saponins, and tannins. However, optimization of these techniques is necessary to maximize their effectiveness and minimize antinutrient content. The review also provides an overview of various analytical methods used to quantify antinutritional factors in grains and oilseeds. These methods encompass classical gravimetric and titrimetric analysis, potentiometric titrations, chromatographic and electrophoretic separation techniques, as well as spectroscopic methods, fluorescence, and biosensors. A systematic and chronological review of these analytical approaches and detection systems is presented. Furthermore, the review identifies research gaps and highlights potential areas for future exploration in the field of antinutrients in grains and oilseeds. By addressing these gaps, we can further enhance our understanding and develop more effective strategies to mitigate antinutrients, thus promoting the utilization of grains and oilseeds for their optimal health benefits