Tumorski supresor gen p53

p53 is a tumor-suppressor gene the alterations of which are among the most frequent genetic changes detected in human neoplasms. Its product - p53 protein is a component of several biochemical pathways that are central to carcinogenesis: DNA transcription, genomic stability, DNA repair, cell cycle control, and apoptosis. The analysis of the spectrum of p53 mutations and insight into the p53 mediated biochemical pathways of programmed cell death and cell cycle arrest, provide clues to understanding of molecular pathogenesis of cancer of mechanisms related to p53 mediated tumor suppression. The purpose of the resent article is to summarise the most important facts concerning p53 since understanding of the above listed processes might provide the potential molecular targets for the development ofa rational cancer treatment.Spremembe tumor supresorksega gena p53 so najpogostejše genetske spremembe, kiso jih doslej odkrili pri bolnikih z malignimi boleznimi. Proizvod omenjenega gena - p53 protein je namreč pomemben element različnih biokemičnihpoti, ki so ključne v procesu karcinogeneze: vključno s procesom prepisovanja DNA, ohranjanja stabilnosti genoma, popravljanja poškodb DNA, terkontrolo celičnega ciklusa. Analiza mutacij p53 gena in spoznavanje biokemičnih poti programirane celične smrti ter zaustavitve celičnega ciklusa,ki ju sproži p53 protein, sta prispevala k razumevanju patogeneze rakana molekularnem nivoju, kot tudi mehanizmov, preko katerih p53 deluje kot "zaviralec" tumorjev. Namen tega preglednega članka je strniti doseadanja dognanja o p53, saj naj bi razumevanavedenih procesov v bodoče olajavljenju malignih bolezni na molekularnem nivoju