One Nation under Trump: More Power to Him?

This note examines the following question: to what extent has the Trump administration heralded an expansion of presidential trade powers with respect to Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962? It proceeds by first providing an overview of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962. It then looks at the Section 232 investigations which (a) preceded Trump’s assumption of office and (b) resulted in presidential trade action. After reviewing the aforementioned investigations, this note examines the Section 232 investigations initiated under the Trump administration. Attention is paid to how the Trump administration has defined ‘national security’ more broadly. The implications of adopting an expanded understanding of ‘national security’ are examined at various points throughout this note, and the note advances the notion that the president’s authority under Section 232 warrants curtailment via congressional oversight. Alternatives to Section 232 duties which the United States might consider in the future are also briefly examined. This note ultimately concludes that although the Trump administration is not heralding an expansion of presidential trade powers with respect to Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962, the broad definition of ‘national security’ adopted by it has resulted in the premature imposition of Section 232 duties. Such misuse heightens the risk that the international community will perceive the United States’ actions under Section 232 as having roots in protectionism as opposed to in national security concerns

Program Board Director Amendment

Changing what the Program Board Director\u27s position will say in the constitution

Increasing Growth Mindsets in Rural Adolescents

Individuals who have fixed mindsets may be pessimistic, lack self-esteem, and have a poor self-image because they believe that their abilities are fixed and cannot be changed. Many adolescents who grow up in small, rural, isolated areas may develop a fixed mindset because of few opportunities in their immediate environment and little change or progress evident in their communities. In order to address the potential development of fixed mindsets, I created a two-day lesson on cultivating growth versus fixed mindsets for high school juniors at Needles High School in Needles, California

Lived Experiences of Young Adults Exposed to Negligent and Permissive Parenting Styles

The purpose of this phenomenological qualitative study was to explore the lived experiences of young adults of permissive and negligent parenting styles and their experiences of resilience and self-sufficiency. The theoretical frameworks were Lazarus and Folkman’s diathesis stress model and Baumrind’s theory of parenting styles. Data were collected from semi-structured interviews with 20 individuals ages 18–25 who met the inclusion criteria and parenting style experiences for this study. Data were transcribed, coded, and analyzed and three themes and seven subthemes emerged. The interpretation of the findings led to five themes: (a) the impact of attachment and parenting styles on the development of emotion regulation as adolescents into adulthood, (b) parenting styles influence adaptability among adolescents and young adults and adverse childhood experiences can serve as a catalyst for positive change, (c) permissive parenting styles and persistency and reactivity of traits of temperament together contribute to ego resiliency, (d) resilience among young children who have been maltreated is a result of multiple protective factors as indicated in a social–ecological perspective of resilience, and (e) adverse childhood experiences can serve as a catalyst for positive change, a term identified as posttraumatic growth. The results of this study have potential implications for positive social change by highlighting resilience in the aftermath of certain parenting styles and improved understanding of adversity in participants’ experiences. These findings may challenge previous assumptions and how parenting styles are evaluated by others

Indigenizing Restoration: Indigenous Lands before Urban Parks

Climate change and human activities continue to result in negative environmental impacts that alter land productivity, ecosystem health, and their potential land-uses. However, these environmental impacts are being addressed through land restoration frameworks that do not include the robust narrative on the links between land and Indigenous peoples. This link between land and Indigenous peoples is not visible in restoration frameworks due to the linearity these frameworks follow and their deep roots in western science. In this paper, we contend that restoration projects must incorporate three indicators that re-evaluates restoration from an Indigenous lens. Through a literature review & our ongoing restoration project, we identify three major indicators that are important to incorporate in restoration. These indicators are eco-colonialism, kincentric ecology, and environmental narratives. After discussing the three indicators in our paper, we apply these indicators to provide the historical context of our on-going field site, Daybreak Star Indian Cultural Center located at Discovery Park. Discovery Park is the largest urban park located in Seattle, Washington. We conclude that including these three indicators into restoration frameworks not only indigenizes restoration, but can also help us create more effective solutions to environmental problems persisting for decades in unhealthy ecosystems

The Future of Research Is Indigenous: Culturally Grounding Our Indigenous Scholarship

Indigenous peoples are the original stewards of their Native and Ancestral lands—having maintained the balances of their ecosystems since time immemorial. However, as a result of colonization, imperialism, and the mass genocide against Indigenous peoples, environmental systems have been altered and drastically changed. Since western ideologies such as capitalism and western science were introduced, Indigenous stewardships and their knowledge systems have been invalidated and oftentimes, ignored in the environmental and ecological discourse. Their complex nature-culture nexus has been dismissed and suppressed and European men have been given the credit for their discoveries and nuances in the environmental and ecological discourse (Wildcat, D., 2009). As a result, Indigenous peoples have been left out from these conversations

The Impact of Low Retention of Nonprofit Organizations

This study explored the impact of low retention rates in nonprofit organizations and review factors that are associated with this low rate. Nonprofit organizations are a crucial and integral part of our community, there are many factors that are influential in the retention of employees which impact the service that is available to those in need. The need for this study emerged from the researcher’s desire to raise awareness of the factors that lead to low retention rates in social service non-profit organizations and its effects on service provision This study allowed for administration to implement strategies that address the factors that lead to high turnover. Prevention strategies that can be utilized to decrease the dissatisfaction of current employees and increase engagement. The field of social services has been chosen for study because its programs are intended to improve the basic social welfare status of individual lives such that society is reformed. The following subsections were discussed: Growth of nonprofit organizations, nonprofits and human need, nonprofit relationship with funders, challenges within Nonprofits, why employees depart from these organizations and, retention focus. The research method used for this study was quantitative data. Since the research method used for this study was the methodology of quantitative design, snowball sampling was utilized. The Quantitative design was chosen to collect data from a larger group of service providers who worked primarily in a not for profit setting through Likert Scale surveys. The design assisted in quantifying the answer from the surveys to allow comparison, recognition of discrepancies, and or correlations of the iv data. The data was collected from 33 participants through an online survey program, utilizing Survey Monkey and, results were entered in SPSS, to compare relationships. Independent variable were the factors that contribute to low retention rate, and the dependent variable was the retention rate. The population this study focused on was management, staff and, direct service employees who work in social service nonprofits or have worked in the past. This study shows statistics which include ethnicity, age of the participants, marital status, education, and employment status. Along with statistical information on each item presented in the distributed survey, it outlines the statistical analysis that was conducted which includes a correlation study on the relationship between compensation, job training, professional development, filled positions, funding, disruption in services, self-care, access to management, and staff appreciate, and staff’s desire to leave a non-profit organization. The data was analyzed and found that the biggest impact to employee retention is compensation and the stress caused by chronically vacant positions. The study reviews the conclusions relative to our research questions and hypothesis in addition to, theories guiding conceptualization. This study discusses the limitations of study design and, procedures, as well as recommendations for future social work practice and policy. The findings were significant because the study could narrow down two out of the five factors that demonstrated an actual impact on retention in non-profit social service organizations, which gives non-profit managements clear barriers that they can attempt to address

The Experiences of Staff working with Immigrant Students Who Have Experienced Trauma

There is ample research about immigrant students’ experiences in the school system (Womach, 2020), as well as the impact of trauma on learning (Gerrish, 2020), however there is limited research that reports on the experiences of school staff and what their needs are in order to best support immigrant students. The present study utilizes qualitative research methods to explore the experiences of school staff who engage with immigrant students who have experienced trauma. Researchers recruited public school employees from Lewiston and Portland school districts in Maine for participation in the study. The roles of the employees included teachers, social workers, administrators, and guidance counselors. Researchers are conducting semi-structured interviews to best understand the challenges they experience and whether they feel supported and effective in their role. Researchers will use thematic analysis to identify themes across participant responses. By obtaining knowledge about the staff experiences working with immigrants who have experienced trauma, investigators hope to gain a better understanding of the needs of the school staff to best assist this population