Current Situation and Issue of Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance

Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance (IACI) has a history of about 50 yr, and is the oldest social insurance system in Korea. After more than 20 times of revision improvements in benefits, its contents and claim systems have been upgraded. It became the protector of injured workers and their families, and at the same time became the system which could cope with both financial burden of employers and their responsibilities. However, there are some issues to be reformed to upgrade the IACI: 1) the problems in the approval system of occupational diseases, 2) quality improvement of workers' compensation medical care, 3) vocational rehabilitation and return to work, 4) workers' compensation premiums and out-of-pocket money of injured workers, 5) issues in application of IACI. Growth of IACI cannot be achieved by an effort of an individual. Efforts by workers, owners, and government, in addition to physicians and welfare professionals toward the same goal are required for the next level improvement of IACI

A Study on the Differences in Regional Attractiveness of Recognized Local Stories

Regional visit satisfaction of visitors can be increased by raising the regional attractiveness of recognized local stories. The purpose of current study is to explore the internal suitability of a confidence level for analyzing impacts to recognized local stories’ regional attractiveness empirically and the Cronbach’s alpha for the questions related to recognized local stories elements of a regional attractiveness showed good internal suitability with 0.905 and 0.874. As a result of proceeding with a regression analysis for verifying a study model, the power (the factors which are uniqueness, portrayal, understandability, and sensibility) of the recognized stories suggested from the study model and the regional attractiveness (the factors which are education, significance, and experientiality) are selected as they affect significant impacts. Local brand creations and expansions can be important cultural values for vitalizing a local economy via the study of the relationships (differences) between recognized local stories and regional attractiveness. In this study, the validity of each measure’s variable used for the study's basic static analysis and each scale construction, and the credibility whether the measures variables are consisting of latent variables consistently were verified. And it is experimented if the recognized story's regional attractiveness relationships (differences) can be applied to this study by suggesting the hypothesis adoption status via regression analysis verifying causal impacts between variables. These were very meaningful in this study. Because if we study that regional story content elements are very effective in regional activation by increasing regional attractiveness for visitors then it might be able to be systemized theoretically and be used for practical businesses. &nbsp

Targeted Protein Degradation to Overcome Resistance in Cancer Therapies: PROTAC and N-Degron Pathway

Extensive progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms of cancer growth and proliferation has led to the remarkable development of drugs that target cancer-driving molecules. Most target molecules are proteins such as kinases and kinase-associated receptors, which have enzymatic activities needed for the signaling cascades of cells. The small molecule inhibitors for these target molecules greatly improved therapeutic efficacy and lowered the systemic toxicity in cancer therapies. However, long-term and high-dosage treatment of small inhibitors for cancer has produced other obstacles, such as resistance to inhibitors. Among recent approaches to overcoming drug resistance to cancers, targeted protein degradation (TPD) such as proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology adopts a distinct mechanism of action by which a target protein is destroyed through the cellular proteolytic system, such as the ubiquitin–proteasome system or autophagy. Here, we review the currently developed PROTACs as the representative TPD molecules for cancer therapy and the N-degrons of the N-degron pathways as the potential TPD ligands

Novel and Efficient Synthesis of Phenethyl Formate via Enzymatic Esterification of Formic Acid

Current methods for the production of esters, including chemical synthesis and extraction from natural sources, are hindered by low yields and environmental pollution. The enzymatic synthesis of these compounds could help overcome these problems. In this study, phenethyl formate, a commercially valuable formate ester, was synthesized using commercial immobilized lipases. The effects of specific enzymes, enzyme concentration, formic acid:phenethyl alcohol molar ratio, temperature, and solvent were studied in order to optimize the synthesis conditions, which were identified as 15 g/L of Novozym 435 enzyme, a 1:5 formic acid:phenethyl alcohol molar ratio, a 40 °C reaction temperature, and 1,2-dichloroethane as the solvent. Under these conditions, phenethyl formate was obtained in a conversion yield of 95.92%. In addition, when 1,2-dichloroethane was replaced with toluene as the solvent, the enzyme could be recycled for at least 20 reactions with a steady conversion yield above 92%, testifying to the economic aspects of the process. The enzymatic synthesis of phenethyl formate using the proposed method is more environmentally friendly than methods currently employed in academic and laboratory settings. Moreover, the method has the potential to enhance the value-added properties of formic acid owing to its downstream use in the production of commercially essential esters

Mission Design and Orbit-Attitude Control Algorithms Development of Multistatic SAR Satellites for Very-High-Resolution Stripmap Imaging

This study designs a multistatic synthetic aperture radar (SAR) formation-flying system for very-high-resolution stripmap imaging (VHRSI) using manufacturable SAR microsatellites. Multistatic SAR formation specifications for VHRSI are derived based on the SAR image theory. For the simultaneous multi-satellite operation, the advantages of the autonomous orbit and attitude control are prominent in terms of the workload of the ground station or the efficient performance of missions. Therefore, the autonomous relative-orbit-control algorithm using relative orbital elements is developed to maintain the designed multistatic SAR formation. Additionally, an autonomous attitude-control algorithm for multistatic SAR imaging is designed by applying the optimal right-ascension of the descending node (RADN) sector concept. Finally, the resolution improvement of VHRSI is verified through multistatic SAR imaging simulations. The multistatic SAR formation is designed with three satellites separated by 7.5 km each in the along-track direction. Autonomous relative orbit control maintains the relative position error within 45 m (3σ). Additionally, the autonomous attitude control simulation verifies that the satellites perform attitude maneuvers suitable for the operation mode, and the pointing error is maintained within 0.0035° (3σ). The spatial resolution of the multistatic SAR system for VHRSI is 0.95 × 0.96 m, which satisfies the very-high-spatial-resolution requirement

Return on Advertising Spend Prediction with Task Decomposition-Based LSTM Model

Return on advertising spend (ROAS) refers to the ratio of revenue generated by advertising projects to its expense. It is used to assess the effectiveness of advertising marketing. Several simulation-based controlled experiments, such as geo experiments, have been proposed recently. This refers to calculating ROAS by dividing a geographic region into a control group and a treatment group and comparing the ROAS generated in each group. However, the data collected through these experiments can only be used to analyze previously constructed data, making it difficult to use in an inductive process that predicts future profits or costs. Furthermore, to obtain ROAS for each advertising group, data must be collected under a new experimental setting each time, suggesting that there is a limitation in using previously collected data. Considering these, we present a method for predicting ROAS that does not require controlled experiments in data acquisition and validates its effectiveness through comparative experiments. Specifically, we propose a task deposition method that divides the end-to-end prediction task into the two-stage process: occurrence prediction and occurred ROAS regression. Through comparative experiments, we reveal that these approaches can effectively deal with the advertising data, in which the label is mainly set to zero-label

In Operando Monitoring of the Pore Dynamics in Ordered Mesoporous Electrode Materials by Small Angle X-ray Scattering

To monitor dynamic volume changes of electrode materials during electrochemical lithium storage and removal process is of utmost importance for developing high performance lithium storage materials. We herein report an in operando probing of mesoscopic structural changes in ordered mesoporous electrode materials during cycling with synchrotron-based small angel X-ray scattering (SAXS) technique. In operando SAXS studies combined with electrochemical and other physical characterizations straightforwardly show how porous electrode materials underwent volume changes during the whole process of charge and discharge, with respect to their own reaction mechanism with lithium. This comprehensive information on the pore dynamics as well as volume changes of the electrode materials will not only be critical in further understanding of lithium ion storage reaction mechanism of materials, but also enable the innovative design of high performance nanostructured materials for next generation batteriesclose0