Climate Change: Impacts on World Ocean and Biodiversity

Climate change predominantly arises from human-related factors, leading to the emission of large amounts of greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide (CO2), into the atmosphere. These gases trap heat and contribute to an increase in the Earth's temperature, resulting in various adverse consequences for the environment, particularly the world's oceans, which have absorbed approximately 90% of the warming over recent decades. Marine ecosystems also experience significant impacts as a result.The objective of this study is to investigate and analyze the consequences of climate change on the world's oceans and the associated risks to biodiversity.To achieve this, a literature review was conducted, encompassing scientific research and strategic documents from the European Commission and the United Nations, obtained through scientific databases such as Scopus and Web of Science. The literature search involved the use of relevant keywords and titles related to climate change, the world's oceans, and impacts on marine ecosystems.Substantial evidence supports the significant risks and consequences associated with the rising concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, with profound implications for life on our planet. The past decade has been the warmest for the oceans since 1800. The consequences of climate change include elevated water temperatures, ocean acidification, and oxygen depletion, all of which pose risks to biodiversity.In conclusion, the world's oceans are undergoing accelerated long-term changes in temperature, acidification, and oxygen levels, exceeding the normal rate. The combined impacts of climate change caused by human activities push marine ecosystems and numerous species to the verge of sustainability and in some cases surpass the critical thresholds for survival