Using the “One Shot” Concept for Immediate Loading Implant Protocol in Edentulous Patient Rehabilitation with a Fixed Prosthesis: A 6-Year Follow-Up

Immediate-loaded implants with a fixed prosthesis are a viable option for the restoration of edentulous ridges. Several procedures now allow for the fabrication of immediate-loading provisional and definitive prostheses. However, this complex treatment is not accessible to all patients with budget restrictions. By using a unique master model with a single titanium framework prosthesis can simplify and shorten the treatment, as well as reduce costs. After surgical placement of implant fixtures, an interim prosthesis was fabricated using a laser-welded definitive titanium framework. The prosthesis was fitted intraorally following the immediate loading protocols. The master cast model used to fabricate interim prosthesis was conserved and subsequently used in modifying the final prosthesis. After the healing process and complete soft tissue stability, an impression was made to register the clearance between the gingiva and resin. The light silicone material was directly injected under the prosthesis screwed in the mouth. In the master cast model, the stone was eliminated between the implants and a new plaster was poured to modify the crest profile with the posthealing new shape. With this modified model, it is possible to rehabilitate the denture to the new gingival anatomy in 3 to 4 hours and, if necessary, the tooth rearrangement. This “one shot” concept combines the single definitive titanium welded framework and limited laboratory work with a unique master model thereby decreasing the cost and the time of treatment

Réalisation et caractérisation de coupleurs à réseau en technologie photonique sur silicium

National audienc

PHILAE: Science scheduling and unknown context. leassons learned

Rosetta is an ambitious mission launched in March 2004 to study the nucleus as well as the coma of the comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. It is composed of a space probe and the Philae Lander. The mission is a series of premieres: among others, first probe to escort a comet, first time a landing site is selected with a so short notice, first time a lander has landed on a comet nucleus. The space probe Rosetta reached the vicinity of the comet in spring 2014 when it has started to study Churyumov-Gerasimenko with remote sensing instruments. An intense observation phase followed to be able to select a landing site for the Lander. And in November 2014, at a distance of about 3 AU from the sun, Philae has reached its destination on the surface of the comet 67P. Once stabilized on the comet, the lander has performed its “First Science sequence”. Philae’s aim was to perform detailed and innovative in-situ experiments on the comet’s surface to characterize the nucleus by performing mechanical, chemical and physical investigations on the comet surface. The main contribution to the Rosetta lander by the French space agency (CNES) is the Science Operation and Navigation Centre (SONC) located in Toulouse. Among its tasks is the scheduling of the scientific activities of the 10 lander experiments and then to provide it to the Lander Control Centre (LCC) located in DLR Cologne. Nevertheless, the specific context of the Rosetta mission made this task even more complex if compared to usual spacecraft or landers: indeed the teams in charge of the Philae activity scheduling had to cope with huge constraints in term of energy, data management, asynchronous processes and co-activities or exclusions between instruments. In addition to these huge constraints it is important to note that the comet, its environment and the landing conditions remained unknown until the separation time and that the landing site was selected a short time before it had to take place and when the baseline operational sequence was already designed. This paper will explain the specific context of the Rosetta lander mission and all the constraints that the activity scheduling had to face to fulfil the scientific objectives specified for Philae. A specific tool was developed by CNES and used to design the complete sequence of activities on the comet with respect to all constraints. The baseline scenario designed this way will also be detailed to highlight the difficulties and challenges that the operational team had to face. A specific focus will be given on the landing site selection and the impacts on the scientific operations scheduling. Moreover the actual sequence performed on the comet will also be detailed and analysed to deduce the lessons that could be learned from such an unprecedented endeavour. Indeed as for every mission of exploration the flexibility concept was anticipated but had to face unexpected events

The Philae Lander: Science planning and operations

Rosetta is an ambitious mission launched in March 2004 to study comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko. It is composed of a space probe (Rosetta) and the Philae Lander. The mission is a series of premieres: among others, first probe to escort a comet, first time a landing site is selected with short turnaround time, first time a lander has landed on a comet nucleus. In November 2014, once stabilized on the comet, Philae has performed its “First Science Sequence”. Philae’s aim was to perform detailed and innovative in-situ experi- ments on the comet’s surface to characterize the nucleus by performing mechanical, chemical and physical investigations on the comet surface. The main contribution to the Rosetta lander by the French space agency (CNES) is the Science Operation and Navigation Center (SONC) located in Toulouse. Among its tasks is the scheduling of the scientific activities of the 10 lander experiments and then to provide it to the Lander Control Center (LCC) located in DLR Cologne. The teams in charge of the Philae activity scheduling had to cope with considerable constraints in term of energy, data management, asynchronous processes and co-activities or exclusions between instruments. Moreover the comet itself, its environment and the landing conditions remained unknown until separation time. The landing site was selected once the operational sequence was already designed. This paper will explain the specific context of the Rosetta lander mission and all the constraints that the lander activity scheduling had to face to fulfill the scientific objectives specified for Philae. A specific tool was developed by CNES and used to design the complete sequence of activities on the comet with respect to all constraints. The baseline scenario for the lander operation will also be detailed as well as the sequence performed on the comet to highlight the difficulties and challenges that the operational team faced

Acute Septic Arthritis of the Knee Caused by Kingella Kingae in a 5-Year-Old Cameroonian Boy

International audienceKingella kingae is an important cause of invasive infections in young children from Western countries. Although increasing reports indicate that this organism is the leading agent of bone and joint infections in early childhood, data on K. kingae infections from resource-limited settings are scarce, and none has yet been reported in Africa. We herein report the diagnostic and epidemiological investigations of the first case of K. kingae arthritis identified in a child from sub-Saharan Africa. A 5-year-old Cameroonian boy presented with a sudden painful limp which appeared in the course of a mild rhinopharyngitis. He lived in Cameroon where he had been vaccinated with BCG at birth and moved to France for holidays 4 days before consultation. There was no history of trauma and he did not have any underlying medical condition. Upon admission, he had a temperature of 36.7 degrees C, and clinical examination revealed right-sided knee tenderness and effusion that was confirmed by ultrasound imaging. Laboratory results showed a white blood cell count of 5,700 cells/mm(3), C-reactive protein level of 174 mg/L, and platelet count of 495,000 cells/mm(3). He underwent an arthrocentesis and was immediately given intravenous amoxicillin-clavulanate. Conventional cultures from blood samples and synovial fluids were negative. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay targeting the broad-range 16S rRNA gene and real-time quantitative PCR assays targeting Mycobacterium species were negative. Surprisingly, real-time PCR assays targeting the cpn60, rtxA, and rtxB genes of K. kingae were positive. Multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization specific for K. kingae identified the presence of numerous coccobacilli located within the synovial fluid. Finally, multilocus sequence typing analysis performed on deoxyribonucleic acid directly extracted from joint fluid disclosed a novel K. kingae sequence-type complex. This case report demonstrates that K. kingae may be considered as a potential cause of septic arthritis in children living in sub-Saharan Africa, and hence the burden of K. kingae infection may be not limited to the Western countries. Further studies are required to determine the prevalence of K. kingae infection and carriage in Africa

Vaginal Tampon Colonization by Staphylococcus aureus in Healthy Women

International audienceTampons recovered from a cohort of 737 healthy women (median age, 32 years) were analyzed for the presence of Staphylococcus aureus. A total of 198 tampons (27%) were colonized by S. aureus, 28 (4%) by a strain producing toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (TSST-1). S. aureus was detected more frequently in tampons that did not require an applicator for their insertion (74/233 [32%] versus 90/381 [24%]; odds ratio [OR] = 1.51 [95% confidence interval, 1.04 to 2.17]) and in women who used an intrauterine device for contraception (53/155 [34%] versus 145/572 [27%]; OR = 1.53 [95% confidence interval, 1.05 to 2.24]). The S. aureus strains isolated from tampons belonged to 22 different clonal complexes (CCs). The most prevalent CC was CC398 agr1 (n = 57 [27%]), a clone that does not produce superantigenic toxins, followed by CC30 agr3 (n = 27, 13%), producing TSST-1 (24/27 [89%]), the principal clone of S. aureus involved in menstrual toxic shock syndrome (MTSS).IMPORTANCE Menstrual toxic shock syndrome (MTSS) is an uncommon severe acute disease that occurs in healthy menstruating women colonized by TSST-1producing S. aureus who use intravaginal protection, such as tampons and menstrual cups. The catamenial product collected by the protection serves as a growth medium for S. aureus and allows TSST-1 production. Previous studies evaluated the prevalence of genital colonization by S. aureus by vaginal swabbing, but they did not examine tampon colonization. This study demonstrated a high prevalence of tampon colonization by S. aureus and the presence of the CC30 TSST-1 S. aureus clone responsible for MTSS in tampons from healthy women. The results support the vaginal carriage of this lineage in healthy women. In addition, the higher prevalence of S. aureus within tampons that do not require an applicator indicates a crucial role for handwashing before tampon handling to decrease the risk of tampon contamination

The stress sensor GCN2 differentially controls ribosome biogenesis in colon cancer according to the nutritional context

International audienceNutrient availability is a key determinant of tumor cell behavior. While nutrient‐rich conditions favor proliferation and tumor growth, scarcity, and particularly glutamine starvation, promotes cell dedifferentiation and chemoresistance. Here, linking ribosome biogenesis plasticity with tumor cell fate, we uncover that the amino acid sensor general control non‐derepressible 2 (GCN2; also known as eIF‐2‐alpha kinase 4) represses the expression of the precursor of ribosomal RNA (rRNA), 47S, under metabolic stress. We show that blockade of GCN2 triggers cell death by an irremediable nucleolar stress and subsequent TP53‐mediated apoptosis in patient‐derived models of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). In nutrient‐rich conditions, a cell‐autonomous GCN2 activity supports cell proliferation by stimulating 47S rRNA transcription, independently of the canonical integrated stress response (ISR) axis. Impairment of GCN2 activity prevents nuclear translocation of methionyl‐tRNA synthetase (MetRS), resulting in nucleolar stress, mTORC1 inhibition and, ultimately, autophagy induction. Inhibition of the GCN2–MetRS axis drastically improves the cytotoxicity of RNA polymerase I (RNA pol I) inhibitors, including the first‐line chemotherapy oxaliplatin, on patient‐derived COAD tumoroids. Our data thus reveal that GCN2 differentially controls ribosome biogenesis according to the nutritional context. Furthermore, pharmacological co‐inhibition of the two GCN2 branches and RNA pol I activity may represent a valuable strategy for elimination of proliferative and metabolically stressed COAD cells