Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Piliostigma reticulatum (DC.) Hochst extracts

The methanol and aqueous extracts of Piliostigma reticulatum barks were investigated for its antioxidant and antibacterial activities. The antioxidant test using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method demonstrated important radical scavenging activity for the methanol extract with IC50 = 0,37 ± 0,04 μgmL-1. The 2 extracts were then examined for antibacterial activity by using the broth micro dilution method. The extracts possessed the antibacterial effect against the almost germs tested; the aqueous extract exhibited a better activity than methanol extract. These results indicate that methanol and aqueous extracts of P. reticulatum could be used as a source of antioxidant and antibacterial ingredients in the food industry.Keywords: Piliostigma reticulatum, Ceasalpiniaceae, bark extracts, antioxidant, antibacterialAfrican Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 9(33), pp. 5407-5411, 16 August, 201

In vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of extracts from whole plant of Alternanthera pungens H.B. & K. and leaves of Combretum sericeum G. Don

Resistance to current antimicrobial agents continues to increase and render difficult the fight against microbial diseases. There is an urgent need to find new disposable and affordable remedies to face this problem. Plants have been used for centuries for health cure and constitute an important source of drugs. In this study, the aqueous, water-ethanol, and water-acetone extracts of Alternanthera pungens H. B. & K. and Combretum sericeum G. Don were evaluated for antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by disc diffusion and microdilution assays. Antioxidant Activity Index (AAI) was determined for antioxidant activity evaluation. The extracts from the leaves of C. sericeum exhibited potent antimicrobial activity. The highest inhibition zone diameters (IZD) were obtained with these extracts. The lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) (0.625 mg/ml) was recorded against Enterococcus faecalis for all the extracts from this plant and against Lysteria Monocytogenes for the water-acetone extract only. C. Sericeum showed also strong antioxidant activity with AAI comparable to standard antioxidant compounds such as Vitamin C and BHA. A. Pungens showed weak antimicrobial and antioxidant activities, comparatively to C. Sericeum. Phytochemical analyses showed also high total phenolic and total flavonoid contents in C. Sericeum extracts than in A. pungens. The use of these plants in traditional medicine is justified and they constitute a source for further investigations for traditional enhanced drug and active molecules discovery. Keywords: Combretum sericeum, Alternanthera pungens, antimicrobial activity, antioxidant activity inde

Biological and phytochemical investigations of extracts from Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir (Fabaceae) root barks

Background: Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir. belonging to Fabacae familly is used as medicinal plant in Burkina Faso’s folk medicine. Roots of P. erinaceus are used to treat ulcer, stomach ache and inflammatory diseases. The objective of the present study was to carry out phytochemical composition of methanol (MeOH) and dichloromethane (DCM) extracts from Pterocarpus erinaceus roots, to isolate pure compounds, and to evaluate their pharmacological activities.Methods: Chromatographic fractionation led to the isolation of active components of the extracts. The structures were established by NMR analysis and comparison with data from literature. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using croton oil-induced edema of mice ear as well as the effect of extracts against lipoxygenase and lipid peroxidation was evaluated. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Cupric-reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) methods were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the extracts.Results: Friedelin (1), 3α-hydroxyfriedelan-2-one (2), α-sophoradiol (3) and stigmasterol (4) were isolated from DCM extract and maltol-6-O-apiofuranoside-glucopyranoside (5) isolated from MeOH. DCM extract and friedelin, 3α-hydroxyfriedelan-2-one, α- sophoradiol showed a significant anti-inflammatory effect against ear edema. Friedelin (1), α-sophoradiol (3) and maltol-6-O-apiofuranoside-glucopyranoside (5) exhibited lipoxygenase inhibition. MeOH extract (100 μg/mL) inhibited lipoxygenase and lipid peroxidation activities at 45.1 ± 3% and 30.7 ± 0.5% respectively. MeOH extract, ethyl acetate fraction and butanol fraction exhibited antioxidant property with both two methods used.Conclusion: The results suggested that the extracts and compounds from roots of Pterocarpus erinaceus possessed local antiinflammatory effect, antioxidant properties and inhibitor effect against lipoxygenase and lipid peroxidation activities.Keywords: Pterocarpus erinaceus, triterpenes, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, lipoxygenas

BIOLOGICAL AND PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF EXTRACTS FROM PTEROCARPUS ERINACEUS POIR (FABACEAE) ROOT BARKS

Background: Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir. belonging to Fabacae familly is used as medicinal plant in Burkina Faso’s folk medicine. Roots of P. erinaceus are used to treat ulcer, stomach ache and inflammatory diseases. The objective of the present study was to carry out phytochemical composition of methanol (MeOH) and dichloromethane (DCM) extracts from Pterocarpus erinaceus roots, to isolate pure compounds, and to evaluate their pharmacological activities. Methods: Chromatographic fractionation led to the isolation of active components of the extracts. The structures were established by NMR analysis and comparison with data from literature. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using croton oil-induced edema of mice ear as well as the effect of extracts against lipoxygenase and lipid peroxidation was evaluated. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Cupric-reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) methods were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the extracts. Results: Friedelin (1), 3α-hydroxyfriedelan-2-one (2), α-sophoradiol (3) and stigmasterol (4) were isolated from DCM extract and maltol-6-O-apiofuranoside-glucopyranoside (5) isolated from MeOH. DCM extract and friedelin, 3α-hydroxyfriedelan-2-one, α- sophoradiol showed a significant anti-inflammatory effect against ear edema. Friedelin (1), α-sophoradiol (3) and maltol-6-Oapiofuranoside- glucopyranoside (5) exhibited lipoxygenase inhibition. MeOH extract (100 μg/mL) inhibited lipoxygenase and lipid peroxidation activities at 45.1 ± 3% and 30.7 ± 0.5% respectively. MeOH extract, ethyl acetate fraction and butanol fraction exhibited antioxidant property with both two methods used. Conclusion: The results suggested that the extracts and compounds from roots of Pterocarpus erinaceus possessed local antiinflammatory effect, antioxidant properties and inhibitor effect against lipoxygenase and lipid peroxidation activities

Polymeres a pendants chiraux : une nouvelle methodologie dans la synthese asymetrique supportee d'aminoacides

SIGLECNRS T Bordereau / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc

Étude du potentiel de valorisation énergétique du biogaz de la décharge d’Akouédo (Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire)

This study aims to evaluate the biogas production potential of the Akouédo landfill in Abidjan, Ivory Coast. Buried biodegradable organic waste generates biogas, which in particular contains methane, which is a greenhouse gas, but is also an alternative source of energy. An efficient capture of biogas thus makes it possible on the one hand to avoid diffuse emissions into the atmosphere and the associated impacts on the increase of the greenhouse effect, and on the other hand the energy recuperation of methane. Productivity measurements were made at the landfill site under static and intermittent pumping conditions. The results reveal a high biogas production potential composed of an average of 71.30 % v/v of methane and 27.10 % v/v of CO2. The monitoring carried out on the different wells of catchment suggests statistically a relatively uniform production on the whole of the site. However, many factors influence the production potential, including moisture and compaction of the waste mass, age and nature of waste, landfill methods, and so on. The valorization of methane must take into account these constraints for a faster amortization of the investment.Cette étude a pour objectif d’évaluer le potentiel de production de biogaz de la décharge d’Akouédo d’Abidjan en Côte d’Ivoire. Les déchets organiques biodégradables enfouis génèrent du biogaz contenant notamment du méthane qui est un gaz à effet de serre mais constitue également une source d’énergie alternative. Un captage efficace du biogaz permet donc d’une part d’éviter les émissions diffuses dans l’atmosphère et les impacts associés sur l’augmentation de l’effet de serre, et d’autre part la valorisation énergétique du méthane. Des mesures de productivité ont été réalisées sur le site de la décharge dans des conditions statiques et de pompage intermittents. Les résultats révèlent un potentiel élevé de production de biogaz composé en moyenne 71,30 % v/v de méthane et 27,10 % v/v de CO2. Les suivis réalisés sur les différents puits de captage suggèrent statistiquement une production relativement uniforme sur l’ensemble du site. Cependant, de nombreux facteurs influencent le potentiel de production, notamment l’humidité et la compaction du massif de déchets, l’âge et la nature des déchets, les méthodes d’enfouissement, etc. La valorisation du méthane doit prendre en compte ces contraintes pour un amortissement plus rapide de l’investissement

Sporadic Occurrence of Jarcho-Levin Syndrome in an Ivorian Newborn

We report on an isolated chest-wall asymmetry with imaging findings of multiple vertebral and related rib defects in an Ivorian male newborn. He was born of a healthy and young couple without parental lineage, neither family malformative history nor teratogen exposure. This clinical presentation advocates Jarcho-Levin syndrome, a rare sporadic or familial disorder inherited as autosomal dominant or recessive mode and manifested by extensive vertebral segmentation defects with distinctive rib structural and morphological anomalies. According to our belief, this disorder has not been previously traced in the sub-Saharan African area