Prevention of pathological fracture in fibrous dysplasia of proximal femur in a 24-year-old female a rare presentation - a case report

Fibrous dysplasia (FD) was historically mentioned in the medical literature in 1938 by Dr. Lichtenstein and in 1942 by Dr. Lichtenstein and Jaffe. The term Jaffe-Lichtenstein syndrome is sometimes used synonymously with monostotic FD or to denote cases of polyostotic FD with café au lait spots, but no endocrine dysfunction. Our case is a 24-year-old female, housewife presented to our hospital with a complaints of right hip pain and backache with difficulty in walking of 6 months duration. She had dull aching pain which increased in intensity with the course of time, there was no radiation, but was aggravated by movements. She was managed with dynamic hip screw along with curettage of the lesion and bone graft, after 9 months of follow up, she had no pain over her hip and there was calcification over the previous lesion, our patient had a very favourable outcome

Classifying Consumers Based Upon Their Proenvironmental Behaviour: An Empirical Investigation

Despite a wide applicability of demographic and psychographic variables for segmentation criteria, past research indicates that these variables are not as effective as behavioural variables. The present empirical study’s focus is determining different typologies of Indian consumers, which exist in terms of Pro-Environmental Behaviour (PEB), and investigating whether PEB varies across these typologies. For this study, a total of 152 Indian consumers were contacted through convenience sampling. Using factor and cluster analysis, the typologies were classified as “active green activists” or “passive green activists”. Using discriminant analysis, formed groups were validated and profiled by chi-square. Using environmental variables as the basis of segmentation, this study offers practical guidelines to green marketers who are targeting the Indian markets

EFFECT OF LIFESTYLE AND DIETARY MODIFICATIONS ON PREHYPERTENSIVE CASES OF LOWER SOCIOECONOMIC POPULATION IN AHMEDABAD CITY

  Background: Prehypertension is associated with high blood pressure and higher cardiovascular risk, and it should be suggested to prehypertensive patients that they modify their lifestyle in order to help avoid these problems. Methodology: The present study was the cross-sectional longitudinal study conducted on prehypertensive subjects of lower socio-economic group residing in Ahmedabad City. The participants were explained regarding modification in form of avoidance of entire amount of salt, morning exercise in form of brisk walking for half an hour at least three times a week and abstinence of smoking and alcohol in subjects who are habituated. Patients were instructed to attend OPD for every one month in the morning for 3 months as follow up. Results: In our study, pre HTN was detected in 72 (40%) of male subjects and 70 (41.1%) of female subjects. Prehypertension was found to be more prevalent in males (54.6%) as compared to females (45.4%). Overall 81.15% of subjects who were prehypertensive were reverted to normotension within 3 months with life style modification. Conclusion: It is concluded from our study that preHTN is quite prevalent affecting > 40% of urban population of lower socioeconomic class. Weight reduction, abstinence from smoking, regular exercise and salt reduction are highly effective, easy to follow and cheaper measures to control pre HTN and prevent its progression to hypertensive levels thereby also reducing cardiovascular and other complications of HTN

PROPORTION OF PULMONARY KOCHS IN EXTRAPULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY IN AHMEDABAD CITY

Background: It is a very common experience of many physicians that a good number of extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients are suffering from asymptomatic pulmonary koch’s and many times it is diagnosed as a chance finding by chest X ray during routine investigation for general health check up or assessment for fitness purpose. Methodology: The present study was the cross-sectional study conducted on the randomly selected cases of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. A pre-designed semi-structured questionnaire was used to find out the presence of respiratory signs suggestive of symptomatic or asymptomatic pulmonary tuberculosis. In all participants, chest X ray, sputum for Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB), Complete Blood Count (CBC), ESR was done to find out or support pulmonary tuberculosis pathology. Results: Out of 140 patients of extrapulmonary tuberculosis 39.3% had pleural effusion, while almost similar number had abdominal Koch’s (37.9%) in the form of ileo-caecal Koch’s, mesenteric and para-aortic lymph nodes enlargement and tuberculous ascites. Pulmonary Koch’s was found out in 20 patients i.e. 14.3% of patients. Conclusion: Profile of pulmonary pathology in extrapulmonary tuberculosis is not very high. We found only a small proportion (14.3%) of patients having associated pulmonary Koch’s that too was asymptomatic in majority (65%).Tuberculous pleural effusion and intestinal koch’s are the two commonest forms of extrapulmonary involvement

Prenatal screening of cytogenetic anomalies – a Western Indian experience

BACKGROUND: Children born with congenital anomalies present a very high rate of perinatal death and neonatal mortality. Cytogenetic analysis is a convincing investigation along with clinical suspicion and biochemical screening tests. The current study was designed to characterize the prevalence and types of chromosomal abnormalities in high risk prenatal samples using different cytogenetic techniques. METHODS: This study was conducted on a total of 1,728 prenatal samples (1,324 amniotic fluids, 366 chorionic villi and 38 cord blood samples) from 1994 to 2014 at Institute of Human Genetics, Ahmedabad, India. Conventional karyotyping was conducted with GTG-banding. Molecular approaches were used (fluorescence in situ hybridization = FISH and/ or array-comparative genomic hybridization = aCGH) when indicated to detect karyotypic abnormalities. RESULTS: Abnormal karyotypes were detected in 125/1,728 (7.2%) cases. Trisomy 21 was the most common abnormality detected in 46 (2.7%) followed by trisomy 18 in 11 (0.6%) and trisomy 13 in 2 (0.1%) samples. Besides, structural abnormalities such as reciprocal and Robertsonian translocation were detected in 20 [1.2%] cases. Turner syndrome was diagnosed in seven (0.4%) cases; in six (0.34%) cases there was an inversion in the Y-chromosome. Heteromorphic variants were diagnosed in 22 (1.3%) cases. Finally, small supernumerary marker chromosomes (sSMC) were found in six (0.34%) cases. CONCLUSION: Conventional GTG-banding along with molecular cytogenetic techniques is useful in detecting genomic alterations and rearrangements. Comprehensive characterization of chromosomal rearrangements like sSMC has the potential to save potentially healthy fetuses from being terminated

There is hope, we can save the planet

This photograph originally appeared in the 2017 Research student photography and image competition held to celebrate National Science Week (18 August - 8 September 2017). Blurb: Carbon footprint "While we were able to enjoy husky run on frozen rivers and glaciers, it highlights the need to reduce our carbon footprint so that future generations can have the same enjoyment. Let us all work to preserve glaciers for future generations. This is the driving force of my research that leads to process cycle time reduction in Injection Moulding and CFRP processing, reducing carbon footprint and improving profits.