A study on association of preoperative anaemia and obesity with causes and postoperative outcome in women undergoing hysterectomy for abnormal uterine bleeding

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding is most commonly encountered in 10-20% of women in reproductive age.  The objectives of the study are to assess the proportion and association with causes and postoperative outcome of preoperative anaemia and obesity in women with abnormal uterine bleeding who underwent hysterectomy.Methods: This was a retrospective observational record-based study conducted in the Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital(SMVMCH), Pondicherry. The study population consisted of 169 patients who were admitted for abnormal uterine bleeding and underwent hysterectomy from January 2016 to December 2016 for a period of one year.Results: The mean age was 43years.The mean value of haemoglobin on admission was 9.89g/dl. The distribution frequencies of patients by WHO BMI classification as underweight, normal, overweight and obesity are 8, 59, 78 and 24 respectively. The distribution frequencies of patients by WHO anaemia classification as no anaemia, mild, moderate are 34, 37 and 98 respectively. Seventy-six patients had blood transfusion. Six patients had urinary tract infection and all of them were anaemic and obese. Two patients had developed respiratory tract infection and none of the patients had developed deep vein thrombosis.  Conclusions: Preoperative anaemia was more common in patients with fibroid and associated with increased morbidity in immediate postoperative period. There is more prevalence of SSI among overweight and obese women

ANTI-HISTAMINIC ACTIVITY OF UTHAMANI CHOORANAM (PERGULARIA DAEMIA) AGAINST HISTAMINE INDUCED PAW OEDEMA IN RATS

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic relapsing, pruritic, inflammatory skin disease in children associated with personal or family history of other atopic disease like asthma, allergic rhinitis. Clinically characterized by itching, dryness, erythema, vesiculation, exudation and lichenification etc. The present treatment for AD in modern science is steroids or calcinueurin inhibitors. But repeated course of steroids can cause immuno suppression and growth retardation. The drugs in Siddha system of medicine is well known for their effectiveness and less toxicity. One such medicine is Uthamani Chooranam (UC) indicated for AD. The activity of UC was studied by using histamine induced paw oedema in rats by phenylbutazone. Exposure of rats hind paw to histamine resulted in marked increase of paw tissue weight and skin thickness. After oral administration of UC at various dose levels of 200mg/kg and 400mg/ kg reduce the paw volume when compared to control group. The present studies shown the Siddha drug UC is significantly reduce the paw oedema and this study supports the anti-histamine effect of UC

High frequency Agrobacterium mediated genetic transformation in rubber tree via. vacuum infiltration

In a tree species like Hevea brasiliensis, genetic transformation offers a viable approach for crop improvement within a short period. Hevea being highly recalcitrant to in vitro culture, an efficient transformation protocol is necessary for generating large number of transgenic plants with stable foreign gene expression. After several modifications in the initial transformation protocol, the transformation frequency was increased to 14 per cent using proliferated anther callus. Therefore, vacuum infiltration was attempted for enhancing the transformation frequency. In the present work the conditions for vacuum infiltration viz. vacuum pressure and period of infiltration were standardized. Vacuum infiltration at 30 psi pressure for 10 minutes was found to be ideal for getting high frequency transformation in H. brasiliensis. Irrespective of the gene constructs experimented, transformation frequency was significantly improved by adopting vacuum infiltration. Employing this technique, the transformation efficiency of MnSOD gene construct with FMV34S promoter could be enhanced from 14 to 50 percent

Open sea cage culture for marine finfish and shellfishes

Open sea cage culture for marine finfish and shellfishe

Occurrence of concurrent infections with multiple viruses in Penaeus monodon from culture ponds of north coastal Andhra Pradesh

A histopathological study of Penaeus monodon show-ing external symptoms of white spot disease, collected from culture ponds at Mulakuddu and Rambilli villages (Visakhapatnam District) during May and July 2001, provided evidence for the occurrence of multiple viral infections. Each diseased shrimp carried concurrent infections with four different viruses, identified on the basis of nuclear changes, resulting in the formation of characteristic inclusion/occlusion bodies, as WSSV, YHV, MBV and IHHNV. The iden-tification of the various viruses needs confirmation through molecular diagnostic methods. This consti-tutes a report recording concurrent infections with multiple viruses in a single shrimp

Observations on variations in physico-chemical water parameters of marine fish cage farm off Karwar

An investigation was undertaken to study the fluctuations in the water quality parameters in a marine fish cage culture site off Karwar during the period 2009-2011. Two stations viz., one from cage site (Station 1) and the other away from the cage site (Station 2) were selected for the study. Water samples were collected at weekly intervals. Temperature of Station 1 varied from 28.5 ± 0.89 oC to 32.5 ± 1.04 oC during the first crop of Asian seabass culture in 2009-10 and it ranged between 26.7 ± 0.83 to 32.5 ± 0.79 oC during the second crop of seabass culture in 2010- 11. The salinity was minimum during July 2010 and maximum in May 2010. There was no significant difference observed between the water quality parameters of the two stations (p>0.05). However, difference in salinity was significant between the two culture periods in Station 1 (p<0.05). No significant difference was observed in the nutrient levels of the cage and reference sites and also between the two crops. No significant difference was observed between the mean weight of the fish and temperature of both the sites and periods. A positive correlation was observed between the weight gain of fish and salinity of water at cage site

Farming of cobia, Rachycentron canadum (Linnaeus 1766) in open sea floating cages in India

Experiments on culture and growth performance of cobia were undertaken in marine cages installed in the Arabian Sea off Karwar on the south-west coast of India. Hatchery produced cobia fingerlings were stocked at two densities of 3.5 fish cubic m-1 and 14.1 fish cubic m-1 in circular HDPE cages. Mean weight and specific growth rate (SGR) of cobia stocked @ 3.5 fish cubic m -1 were 10.5 kg and 2.2% day-1, respectively, at 300 days of culture (DOC). Cobia stocked @ of 14.1 fish cubic m-1 attained an average weight of 3.68 kg and SGR of 1.9% day-1 at 300 DOC. SGR was found to be positively correlated with water temperature and salinity during the culture period. No significant variation was found in SGR and feed conversion ratio of cobia stocked at two different densities. However, absolute growth rate, relative growth rate and mean weight of cobia varied significantly between the two groups

Ovarian Hyperstimulation and Maternal Virilisation with Successful Pregnancy Outcome: A case report

Hyperreactio luteinalis (HL) and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) during pregnancy are both benign conditions where the ovaries are enlarged with presence of multiple thin-walled cysts. Differential diagnosis is ovarian malignancy. Hyperandrogenism with resultant maternal virilization could be seen in some cases of HL as well as in androgen secreting tumours. We report the case of a 41 years old lady underwent ovulation induction due to secondary infertility. She had recurrent hospital admission with abdominal pain and huge multicystic enlargement of both ovaries. She developed virilisation features by 35 weeks of pregnancy. Lower segment caesarean section was done at 36 weeks gestation for breech presentation with intra uterine growth restriction. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed benign nature of the cysts. Ovarian cysts and hyperandrogenism gradually resolved by three months of delivery. Awareness, judicious imaging and close monitoring in such cases can result in live birth and avoid oophorectomies. Keywords: Hyperandrogenism; Hirsuitism; Virilism; Polycstic ovary syndrome; Ovarian hyper stimulation; Ovulation induction; Hyperreactio luteinalis; Ovarian cysts

Culture of Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer, Bloch) in open sea floating net cages off Karwar, South India

Cage farming of marine finfish is an alternative to meet increasing demand for food fish. Culture of Asian seabass in open sea floating net cages made of either HDPE or GI pipes, has been successfully demonstrated off Karwar, south India. Fish were fed with chopped oilsardine. Various growth parameters like average daily growth rate (ADGR), survival rate (SR), specific growth rate (SGR) and biomass index (BI) were estimated. Mean weight and length at the end of the 150 days experimental period was 1.02 kg and 412.05 mm respectively with a SR of 68.8%. The economics of cage farming was also worked out. The need to standardise stocking densities and feeding rate has been emphasised

Characterization and antibacterial activity of violacein producing deep purple pigmented bacterium Pseudoalteromonas luteoviolacea (Gauthier, 1982) isolated from coral reef ecosystems

The present study describes the isolation, characterization and antibacterial activity of two strains of the deep purple pigmented bacterium Pseudoalteromonas luteoviolacea designated P42 (Accession no. MN647538) and M64 (Accession no. MN647537), isolated from two coral reef regions viz. Minicoy Lagoon in the Lakshadweep Sea and Palk Bay, off Olaikuda village in Tamil Nadu, India. Ultrastructural examinations were done using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Presence of violacein pigment was qualitatively analysed by chemical methods; UV-VIS spectrophotometry and FTIR spectroscopy. The strains, P42 and M64 were found to have antibacterial activity against 13 out of the 36 marine bacterial species tested. Antibiogram analysis revealed the sensitivity of both the strains to all the antibiotics tested, except for the resistance of P42 to Penicillin G and Trimethoprim. This study reports the isolation and characterization of P. luteoviolacea for the first time from India. Since both the isolated strains have shown clear evidence for the presence of violacein as well as antibacterial activity against selected marine bacteria, both P42 and M64 can be suggested as potent antibacterial agents