Spin squeezing of high-spin, spatially extended quantum fields

Investigations of spin squeezing in ensembles of quantum particles have been limited primarily to a subspace of spin fluctuations and a single spatial mode in high-spin and spatially extended ensembles. Here, we show that a wider range of spin-squeezing is attainable in ensembles of high-spin atoms, characterized by sub-quantum-limited fluctuations in several independent planes of spin-fluctuation observables. Further, considering the quantum dynamics of an $f=1$ ferromagnetic spinor Bose-Einstein condensate, we demonstrate theoretically that a high degree of spin squeezing is attained in multiple spatial modes of a spatially extended quantum field, and that such squeezing can be extracted from spatially resolved measurements of magnetization and nematicity, i.e.\ the vector and quadrupole magnetic moments, of the quantum gas. Taking into account several experimental limitations, we predict that the variance of the atomic magnetization and nematicity may be reduced as far as 20 dB below the standard quantum limits.Comment: 18 pages, 5 figure

The relationship between self‐reported received and perceived social support: A meta‐analytic review

Social support is broad term encompassing a variety of constructs, including support perceptions (perceived support) and receipt of supportive behaviors (received support). Of these constructs, only perceived support has been regarded as consistently linked to health, and researchers have offered differing assessments of the strength of the received‐perceived support relationship. An overall estimate of the received‐perceived support relationship would clearly further the dialogue on the relationship between received and perceived support and thus assist in the theoretical development of the field. This study evaluated all available studies using the Inventory of Socially Supportive Behaviors (ISSB; Barrera, Sandler, & Ramsey, 1981, American Journal of Community Psychology, 9, 435–447) and any measure of perceived social support. Using effect sizes from 23 studies, we found an average correlation of r = .35, p < .001. Implications of this estimate for further development of models of social support as well as interventions to enhance social support are discussed.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/117157/1/ajcp9100.pd

Context-induced Contrast and Assimilation in Judging Supportiveness

Social support research increasingly draws from research on social cognition. Most of this research has studied assimilation and chronically accessible (i.e., frequently activated) social support constructs. This article presents three studies, in both laboratory and treatment settings, on context-induced contrast and assimilation in support judgments. In each study, participants exposed to positive social contexts subsequently rated supportive stimuli more negatively than participants exposed to negative social contexts. These effects were observed in ratings of participants’ own social networks, the social climate of a residential treatment environment, and a videotaped supportive interaction. In two studies, negative contexts also were associated with increased negative affect and affect-related assimilation. That is, participants with more negative affect rated social environments more negatively than participants with less negative emotion. In some circumstances, context- induced contrast and assimilation counteracted each other. These effects have implications for social support interventions

The Joint Program Dilemma: Analyzing the Pervasive Role That Social Dilemmas Play in Undermining Acquisition Success

Tenth Annual Acquisition Research Symposium Acquisition ManagementExcerpt from the Proceedings of the Tenth Annual Acquisition Research Symposium Acquisition ManagementNaval Postgraduate School Acquisition Research ProgramPrepared for the Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CANaval Postgraduate School Acquisition Research ProgramApproved for public release; distribution is unlimited

Giants in old open clusters - Temperatures, luminosities, and abundances from infrared photometry

We present infrared observations for more than 100 red giants and clump stars in eight old open clusters. We have assembled the best available optical photometry for these stars and determined a consistent set of integrated physical parameters (reddening, distance modulus, abundance, and age) for the clusters. From color-color and color-magnitude diagrams that make use of both the infrared and optical data, we are able to identify quite a few stars as probable field stars rather than cluster members. However, because of a general scarcity of bright stars, it is often difficult to distinguish between cluster members on the asymptotic giant branch and field interlopers. In a ( U-V)_0, ( V-K)_0 plot, stars from the most metal-poor open clusters tend to lie between the relations defined by field and globular cluster giants. On the other hand, nearly all of the open cluster stars lie near the field giant line in a (H-K)_0 plot. The mean CO strengths of the giants in each open cluster show a range consistent with the optically determined range in [Fe/H], but the correlation between these two quantities is weak, probably because of the small total range of each and the significant uncertainties in [Fe/H]. The results for the open clusters, though, are consistent with the relation between CO and [Fe/H] established for globular clusters and considerably strengthen that relation near the solar metallicity end. For these eight open clusters, there is a modest linear correlation between [Fe/H] and age which shows a gradient in metallicity of about —0.1 dex per Gyr and gives [Fe/H] ~ -0.6 for τ = 5 Gyr, the age of the sun. The relation is quite similar in slope and zero point to that exhibited by clusters in the Large Magellanic Cloud. If the open cluster data are adjusted for the galactic radial metallicity gradient, the age-metallicity relation becomes intermediate to those of the Large Magellanic Cloud and the solar neighborhood. This could be an indication that the old open clusters are representative of the stellar population of the galactic thick disk. The temperatures of the cluster giant branches determined from infrared observations are tightly correlated with the optically derived values for age and [Fe/H]. Also, there is general agreement between the location of the cluster giant branches in an H-R diagram determined from infrared photometry and the predictions of the Revised Yale Isochrones. Specific differences that exist between the theoretical and semiempirical parameters can at least partially be attributed to uncertainties in the (primarily) optical data and/or the presence of convective overshootin

The Monitoring and Assessment Plan (MAP) Greater Everglades Wetlands Module- Landscape Pattern- Ridge, Slough, and Tree Island Mosaics: Year 1 Annual Report

In the current managed Everglades system, the pre-drainage, patterned mosaic of sawgrass ridges, sloughs and tree islands has been substantially altered or reduced largely as a result of human alterations to historic ecological and hydrological processes that sustained landscape patterns. The pre-compartmentalization ridge and slough landscape was a mosaic of sloughs, elongated sawgrass ridges (50-200m wide), and tree islands. The ridges and sloughs and tree islands were elongated in the direction of the water flow, with roughly equal area of ridge and slough. Over the past decades, the ridge-slough topographic relief and spatial patterning have degraded in many areas of the Everglades. Nutrient enriched areas have become dominated by Typha with little topographic relief; areas of reduced flow have lost the elongated ridge-slough topography; and ponded areas with excessively long hydroperiods have experienced a decline in ridge prevalence and shape, and in the number of tree islands (Sklar et al. 2004, Ogden 2005)

A Unified Account of the Moral Standing to Blame

Recently, philosophers have turned their attention to the question, not when a given agent is blameworthy for what she does, but when a further agent has the moral standing to blame her for what she does. Philosophers have proposed at least four conditions on having “moral standing”: 1. One’s blame would not be “hypocritical”. 2. One is not oneself “involved in” the target agent’s wrongdoing. 3. One must be warranted in believing that the target is indeed blameworthy for the wrongdoing. 4. The target’s wrongdoing must some of “one’s business”. These conditions are often proposed as both conditions on one and the same thing, and as marking fundamentally different ways of “losing standing.” Here I call these claims into question. First, I claim that conditions (3) and (4) are simply conditions on different things than are conditions (1) and (2). Second, I argue that condition (2) reduces to condition (1): when “involvement” removes someone’s standing to blame, it does so only by indicating something further about that agent, viz., that he or she lacks commitment to the values that condemn the wrongdoer’s action. The result: after we clarify the nature of the non-hypocrisy condition, we will have a unified account of moral standing to blame. Issues also discussed: whether standing can ever be regained, the relationship between standing and our "moral fragility", the difference between mere inconsistency and hypocrisy, and whether a condition of standing might be derived from deeper facts about the "equality of persons"