The Life and Legacy of Chief Judge Lawrence H. Cooke: Truly an Exemplary Life. A Life Well Lived

It is an appropriate tribute to the late Chief Judge of New York, Lawrence H. Cooke, that this article be devoted to a man who many leaders of the bench, bar, and academia consider to be the greatest jurist to ever serve on New York State\u27s highest court. Chief Judge Cooke, better known as Larry, served with honor and distinction as an associate judge of the Court of Appeals, and later as Chief Judge

Random intermittent search and the tug-of-war model of motor-driven transport

We formulate the tug-of-war model of microtubule cargo transport by multiple molecular motors as an intermittent random search for a hidden target. A motor-complex consisting of multiple molecular motors with opposing directional preference is modeled using a discrete Markov process. The motors randomly pull each other off of the microtubule so that the state of the motor-complex is determined by the number of bound motors. The tug-of-war model prescribes the state transition rates and corresponding cargo velocities in terms of experimentally measured physical parameters. We add space to the resulting Chapman-Kolmogorov (CK) equation so that we can consider delivery of the cargo to a hidden target somewhere on the microtubule track. Using a quasi-steady state (QSS) reduction technique we calculate analytical approximations of the mean first passage time (MFPT) to find the target. We show that there exists an optimal adenosine triphosphate (ATP)concentration that minimizes the MFPT for two different cases: (i) the motor complex is composed of equal numbers of kinesin motors bound to two different microtubules (symmetric tug-of-war model), and (ii) the motor complex is composed of different numbers of kinesin and dynein motors bound to a single microtubule(asymmetric tug-of-war model)