Folklorismus: indian folklore and mass culture

The main objective of this brief study is to focus the attention of the scholars of folklore on the relationship between the fast growing Indian mass culture and folklore

The influence of British political thought in China and India: the cases of sun Yat-sen, Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru

The purpose of this thesis is to examine the impact of British political thought in China and India. It concerns the life and work of three of the most important nationalist leaders: Sun Yat-sen (1866-1925) in China and Mohandas Gandhi (1869-1948) and Jawaharlal Nehru (1889-1964) in India. The analysis connects the British aspects of their life and work, which are neither fully understood nor sufficiently appreciated, with their political thought. The first section surveys the existing primary and secondary literature, focusing on the life and work of Sun, Gandhi and Nehru, and outlines the relevant strands of British political thought. The following sections contain an analysis of the political thought of Sun, Gandhi and Nehru within the framework established in the first section, under the headings of nationalism, democracy and socialism. This thesis reveals a distinctive and profound collection of influences which further the understanding of Sun, Gandhi and Nehru's political thought and constitute an important consideration in assessing the cogency of that thought. Although some profound differences existed between India and China, and between Sun, Gandhi and Nehru, it is evident that there were a number of similarities in the impact of British political thought. Britain provided a rich heritage of political thought and wealth of experience regarding its implementation in practice from which Sun, Gandhi and Nehru could draw in constructing their own political thought. The sophisticated and measured incorporation of British influences tends to support a more positive assessment of Sun, Gandhi and Nehru, not only as nationalist leaders but also as political thinkers

Success Story of Marigold Farming in Tamil Nadu: An Intervention by Naip - Value Chain on Flowers for Domestic and Export Markets

Marigold gained popularity amongst farmer and flower dealers on account of its easy culture, wide adaptability, attractive colour, shape, size and good keeping quality. Lack of technical know-how of scientific flower cultivation among the growers and high level of post-harvest losses, lack of awareness on market opportunities, lack of timely and precise price information were the major missing links in the marigold value chain in India. To address all those missing links in the marigold value chain Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU), proposed a project entitled ‘Value chain on flowers for domestic and export markets’ to the NAIP, with the aim of contributing to the promotion of the nation’s floriculture industry. The project period is September 2008 to June 2012 and it is operated in the Department of Floriculture and Landscaping.Mr.R.Rangasamy one of the farmer in the project area, marigold is the major source of income for his family and his livelihood depends mainly on the marigold farming. Since he is having ten years of experience in marigold farming he says that over the year the yield marigold was reduced to 4-5 tonnes per acre due to indiscriminate use of pesticide, fungicides and fertilizer. Before NAIP intervention he received very low price (Rs 2-3 per kg) due to exploiting nature of market channel. After NAIP intervention the farmer undergone different training programs related to production, post-harvest and marketing aspects and adopted most of the technologies recommended by the NAIP scientist. Because of the adoption of advanced technologies he got the yield of 10-13 tonnes per acre. The farmer received daily price information through the cell phone that was disseminated by the NAIP scientists based on which he is able to get correct price from the buyer in the market. The farmer was entered into the contract farming with AVT natural Pvt Ltd who buys the marigold for xanthophylls extraction. Under this arrangement the farmer gets assured price of Rs. 6 per kg of marigold, timely inputs and consultancy services from the company. Now the farmer was reaping the benefit of Rs 2-3 per kg as net profit from the Marigold farming due to intervention of NAIP. Keywords: NAIP, Value chain, Technology adoption and Contract farming

File Secrecy in a Multi-User Environment

This paper deals with a method that provides in a multi-user environment file security of the order that even the system's people will be unable to break. The technique dealt with here is ASCII character by character encrypting of file using a KEY that is not physically stored anywhere in the magnetic media. This paper also covers problems encountered in the computer environment when using this technique

Spinodal Decomposition in Thin Films: Molecular Dynamics Simulations of a Binary Lennard-Jones Fluid Mixture

We use molecular dynamics (MD) to simulate an unstable homogeneous mixture of binary fluids (AB), confined in a slit pore of width $D$. The pore walls are assumed to be flat and structureless, and attract one component of the mixture (A) with the same strength. The pair-wise interactions between the particles is modeled by the Lennard-Jones potential, with symmetric parameters that lead to a miscibility gap in the bulk. In the thin-film geometry, an interesting interplay occurs between surface enrichment and phase separation. We study the evolution of a mixture with equal amounts of A and B, which is rendered unstable by a temperature quench. We find that A-rich surface enrichment layers form quickly during the early stages of the evolution, causing a depletion of A in the inner regions of the film. These surface-directed concentration profiles propagate from the walls towards the center of the film, resulting in a transient layered structure. This layered state breaks up into a columnar state, which is characterized by the lateral coarsening of cylindrical domains. The qualitative features of this process resemble results from previous studies of diffusive Ginzburg-Landau-type models [S.~K. Das, S. Puri, J. Horbach, and K. Binder, Phys. Rev. E {\bf 72}, 061603 (2005)], but quantitative aspects differ markedly. The relation to spinodal decomposition in a strictly 2-$d$ geometry is also discussed.Comment: 37 pages, 11 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev.

Integrated Approach to Design and Manufacture of Gas Turbine Components Based on Group Theory

This paper deals with a new method that provides an integrated approach to design and manufacture of gas turbine components by using the group theory and customising standard computer aided design and manufacturing system. With this approach time consuming and iterative design procedure and process planning are automated and become more efficient. Due to the intricate and diverse nature of gas turbine components, grouping them is not easy as in other industries. A possible way of grouping the gas turbine components based on design and manufacturing attributes on a broad basis is presented. A case study of high pressure turbine disc is included with illustrations for design and process planning of this component. The proposed system is implemented on a personal computer and offers an alternate solution to sophisticated and expensive main frame based systems

Correlation and path analysis studies in Gladiolus (Gladiolus hybrids Hort.)

Correlation and path analysis were carried out in 12 varieties of gladiolus for different yield attributing traits at the Horticultural Research Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Yercaud. The results indicated that the Rachis length was positive and significantly correlated with mother corm weight (g), plant height at 60th days after planting (DAP) (cm), number of leaves per plant at 60th (DAP), length of spike (cm), weight of daughter corm (g) and vase life (days). But, it is negative and significantly correlated with number of days taken for first floret opening (rg: -0.714 & rp: -0.664), number of daughter corms per plant (rg: -0.826 & rp: -0.724) and marketable spikes per plant (rg: -0.561 & rp: -0.418) at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. For path analysis the residual effect was 0.174 and it was evident that the highest direct effect on length of rachis was observed in case of mother corm size (0.951) and weight of the daughter corm (0.943), followed by number of daughter corms per plant (0.859), number of florets per spike (0.849), length of first floret (0.832), marketable spikes per plant (0.385), number of leaves per plant at 60th DAP (0.384), diameter of first floret (0.374) and length of spike (0.221) under Shevaroys condition

Variability for Qualitative and Quantitative Traits in Glory Lily (Gloriosa superba L.)

Glory lily (Gloriosa superba L.) is one of the major medicinal plants of India cultivated for its seeds which are exported to developed countries for pharmaceutical use. Identifying germplasm is an important component for efficient and effective management of plant genetic resources. Variability for qualitative and quantitative traits was investigated in 18 genotypes of G. superba collected from different regions of Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh. For qualitative traits, these genotypes were subjected to diversity analysis based on NBPGR descriptors. Fourteen qualitative and twenty quantitative traits of G. superba were evaluated to assess morphological variations among the genotypes collected. In qualitative traits, a large number of genotypes of the 18 clustered together, at 77% similarity in two clusters. Dendrogram constructed on the basis of twenty quantitative traits for the same set of genotypes did not reveal any clear pattern in grouping, and the genotypes were grouped into seven different clusters. Cluster analysis based on qualitative and quantitative traits revealed a different group of genotypes for each of the data-set. This clearly indicated that less variation existed between genotypes with respect to morphological traits. These easily observable morphological traits are useful tools for preliminary evaluation, because, they offer a fast and reliable approach for assessing extent of diversity in G. superba genotypes

Packaging Technology for Export of Jasmine (Jasminum sambac Ait.) Flowers

A study was conducted to standardize packaging technology for export of jasmine flowers. Experiments were laid out in FCRD in three replications, with 12 chemical treatments, and packing with unit packing boxes and thermocol boxes under gel-ice cold condition. Effects of various chemical treatments and their interaction with packaging were studied and observations were recorded on visual quality (freshness index, flower-opening index, colour retention index and fragrance score) of flowers and physiological parameters associated with post harvest quality of flowers. Export suitability of the package was also studied and Cost:Benefit ratio (CBR) worked out. Chemical treatment of flowers with 4% boric acid, packing in aluminum-foil lined boxes and further packaging in thermocol boxes under gel-ice cold condition was found to be significantly superior to Control, and recorded a shelf life of 42.88h. This package also recorded maximum freshness index (70 to 90%), minimum flower-opening index (10.5 to 50%) and maximum colour retention index (77.77 to 88.88%) of flowers. CBR was 1:2.5

Responses of mixed light-emitting diode ratios on vegetative, flower regulation, and stalk elongation of cut chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev)

A Greenhouse experiment on the study of responses of mixed light-emitting diode ratios in cut chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev) was conducted at the Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during 2019-20. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications. The treatment comprises of seven varied light-emitting diode irradiance levels viz., L1 – 100% White; L2 – 100% Red; L3 -  80% Red + 20% Blue; L4 – 80% Red + 20% Far-red; L5 – 75% Blue + 25% Far-red; L6 – 60% Red + 20% Blue + 20% Far-red; L7 - High pressure sodium vapour lamp (as check) in Salvador and Pusa Centenary varieties. The results revealed that the growth in terms of height of the chrysanthemum at critical stages was maximum (48.88 cm in Salvador and 41.92 cm in Pusa Centenary) under the light irradiance of B75FR25 (L5) during the peak vegetative stage and registered maximum leaf area. Highest internodal length  up to 3rd leaf of 1.07 cm was registered in sodium vapour lamp irradiance (L7) and 1.39 cm in 100% Red irradiance (L2). The early flower bud emergence (39 days in Salvador and 50 days in Pusa Centenary) was observed in B75Fr25 spectral irradiance (L5). The highest total cut stem yield per square meter (42.65 in Salvador and 41.99 in Pusa Centenary) was registered in R80B20. The study revealed that blue LEDs combined with Far-red promoted early flowering and inhibited stem elongations. Red and Blue wavelength increased the total leaf area and registered improved flower yield.