Mind the climate policy gaps: climate change public policy and reality in Portugal, Spain and Morocco

The IPCC 1.5 °C report argues for a 50% cut of global greenhouse gas emissions by 2030. Dangerous gaps lie between what is required to reach the 1.5 °C objective, what governments have pledged and what is happening in reality. Here, we develop ‘climate policy gap’ graphics for Portugal, Spain and Morocco to help reveal this divide and quantify the under-reaction between diagnosis and action, through layers of political intended and unintended miscommunication, insufficient action and the power of the fossil fuels industries. The climate policy gaps for the three nations reveal overshoots on even the most ambitious levels of emissions reductions pledged when compared with trajectories compatible with 1.5 °C or even 2 °C limits. This research suggests that there is a built-in feature of under-reaction in climate policy, which staves off any emission pathways compatible with stopping a temperature rise above 1.5 °C by 2100. It shows that the climate policy gap is a political and methodological tool that reveals systemic shortcomings of government climate action. Its visibility identifies benchmarks and sectors that should be activated to close these gaps in response to the growing popular demands for climate justice.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Shear viscosity from R-charged AdS black holes

We compute the shear viscosity in the supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory dual to the STU background. This is a thermal gauge theory with a chemical potential. The quotient of the shear viscosity over the entropy density exhibits no deviation from the well known result 1/4\pi.Comment: 9 pages, some references updated, abstract and some typos correcte

Two new records of sponges from NW Atlantic: Iotroata acanthostylifera (Stephens, 1916) and Janulum spinispiculum (Carter, 1876).

NEREIDA, a Spanish-led multidisciplinary and international project with contribution from various NAFO contracting parties such as Canada, the UK, and Russia, was initiated in response to the UNGA Resolution 61/105. The main objective of the NEREIDA project is to gather information for the identification and delineation of VMEs in the NAFO Regulatory Area with special focus on those dominated by deep-water corals and sponges. This demarcation is a necessary step in the decision making process for the protection of these areas. The NEREIDA data collection programme comprised six research cruises conducted between May and July of 2009 and June and August 2010, aboard the Spanish R/V Miguel Oliver. In 2009, surveys were conducted to the east, north and west of the Flemish Cap and Flemish Pass, whereas in 2010, surveys covered the area south of the Flemish Cap and along the slope of the Tail of the Grand Bank of Newfoundland. In this work we present some results from the analysis of sponges samples collected by rock dredge during the NEREIDA survey programme (2009-2010). There are two new records in the NW Atlantic region: Janulum spinispiculum (Carter, 1876) with distribution in the Northeast Atlantic region: southern Portugal, Azores, Rockall Bank; Mediterranean Sea: Alboran and Ionian Seas, Canyon de la Cassidaigne; North Atlantic: Iceland; Arctic Ocean: Barents Sea, northern Norway and Spitzbergenand (Kelly et al., 2015) and Iotroata acanthostylifera (Stephens, 1916) cited only of Celtics Seas (van Soest, 2007)

Electrochemotherapy in the treatment of neoplasms in dogs and cats

Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a technique that combines chemotherapy with local application of specific electric pulses with the aim of increasing the permeability of the plasma membrane in a reversible way, improving the influx of chemotherapeutic drugs into the cytoplasm and potentiating their cytotoxic effects. This technique has broadened the range of possible treatments for oncological patients, either on its own or as adjuvant to surgical procedures. It is especially useful in tumors located in regions with only a small surgical safety margin, such as the limb extremities, skull, oral cavity, neck and perianal region, among others. ECT makes it feasible to perform procedures more conservatively, or even to perform otherwise infeasible procedures, by expanding the margins without removing healthy tissues. The objective of this paper is to provide a brief bibliographic review of the principles, applications and future possibilities of electrochemotherapy, helping to disseminate pertinent information about this relatively new technique for the treatment of cancer

Outpatient Management of Malignant Pleural Effusion Using a Tunneled Pleural Catheter: Preliminary Experience

Inpatient management of malignant pleural effusion includes the placement of a conventional thoracostomy tube for drainage and talc slurry pleurodesis and/or a surgical approach consisting of video-assisted thoracoscopic talc insufflation. Both techniques require prolonged hospital stays of up to 1 week. Unfortunately, life expectancy in patients with this disease does not usually exceed 6 months, and so the primary aim of any palliative intervention intended to improve quality of life should be to avoid hospital admissions and to relieve pain as far as possible. Of the few outpatient alternatives to hospital management the most frequently used is repeated thoracentesis. We describe the outpatient management of malignant pleural effusion by placement of a tunneled pleural catheter in a patient with stage IIIB lung adenocarcinoma. In our opinion, the use of this catheter offers a viable alternative to conventional therapy and is better tolerated

New data on deep-water corals and sponges from Spanish/EU and Canadian bottom trawl groundfish surveys in the NAFO Regulatory Area (Divs. 3LMNO): 2008-2010 period

SC WG ON THE ECOSYSTEM APPROACH TO FISHERIES MANAGEMENTNew data on deep-water corals and sponges are presented based on Spanish/EU and Canadian bottom trawl groundfish surveys for the period 2008-2010 in order to make these data available to the NAFO WGEAFM and improve the mapping of sensitive species in the NAFO Regulatory area (Divs. 3LMNO). “Significant” catches (according to the NAFO definition from groundfish surveys) of deep-water corals and sponges are provided and mapped together with the areas closed in 2010. Most of the significant catches of sponges (88%) are inside of the closed areas, meanwhile for corals the results are different according to the group considered. For large gorgonians the 40% are inside, for small gorgonians the 25% and for sea pens all the significant catches recorded are outside of the closed areas

Paramagnetic Nd sublattice and thickness-dependent ferromagnetism in Nd₂NiMnO₆ double perovskite thin films

We investigate ferromagnetic and insulating thin films of the B-site ordered double perovskite Nd2NiMnO6 (NNMO) grown by radio frequency off-axis magnetron sputtering. The films grow epitaxially strained on a selection of substrates and display a strain-independent and bulklike TC of 200K at a thickness of 30 unit cells. We explore the thickness dependence of the NNMO/SrTiO3(001) system and find ferromagnetism down to ultralow thicknesses of only 3 unit cells (∼1.2nm). Below 10 unit cells, the magnetic properties deteriorate due to an interfacial charge transfer caused by the polar discontinuity at the NNMO/SrTiO3 interface. A detailed x-ray magnetic circular dichroism study allows us to separate the magnetic components into a robust ferromagnetic Ni/Mn sublattice and a paramagnetic Nd sublattice.</p

Estudio bibliométrico de la producción científica publicada por la Revista Ars Pharmaceutica en el periodo 2001 a 2013

Objetivo: Analizar la actividad científica y la producción de información de la revista Ars Pharmaceutica como publicación científica española de referencia en el área de la farmacia. Material y Método: Estudio descriptivo transversal de los resultados obtenidos del análisis bibliométrico de los artículos publicados en la revista, obteniéndose los datos de la consulta directa y acceso, vía Internet, a la literatura científica recogida en la versión electrónica de la revista en el periodo 2001 a 2013. Resultados: Durante el periodo estudiado se publicaron 623 artículos. El número de originales fue de 387 (62,12%), siendo el índice de productividad de 2,59. Se identificaron 173 instituciones con trabajos publicados. El idioma predominante fue el español con 396 (63,56%) artículos. Se contabilizaron 1925 palabras clave, de las cuales 441 (22,91%) se correspondían con Descriptores de Ciencias de la Salud (DeCS). La obsolescencia de las referencias citadas, medida por la mediana fue 7 y el Índice de Price fue del 34,37%. El porcentaje de autocitas fue del 1,80%. Los datos de impacto presentaron un moderado crecimiento. Conclusiones: Se comprobó una apropiada proporción de artículos originales y adecuado porcentaje de artículos citables adecuados. Es reseñable el bajo porcentaje de Palabras Clave que coinciden con los DeCS. Las referencias bibliográficas recogidas en sus artículos proceden mayoritariamente del ámbito anglófono y de revistas indizadas en la Journal Citation Report. El análisis de la obsolescencia de estas referencias dio resultados adecuados.Aim: To analyze the scientific activity and the production of information of the Ars Pharmaceutica journal as the Spanish scientific publication of reference in the pharmaceutical area. Materials and Methods: Transversal descriptive study of the results obtained from the bibliometric analysis of the articles published in the journal. Data was obtained from direct queries and Internet access to the scientific literature contained in the electronic version of the journal during the 2001-2013 period. Results: During the period studied 623 articles were published. The number of original articles was 387 (62.12%) with a productivity index of 2.59. The number of institutions identified with published articles was 173. The predominant language was Spanish with 396 (63.56%) articles. We counted 1925 keywords, of which 441 (22.91%) coincided with Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). The median calculation of the obsolescence of quoted references was 7, and the Price Index was 34.37%. The percentage of self-citations was 1.80%. Impact data showed a moderate increase. Conclusions: An appropriate proportion of original articles were found and an adequate percentage of satisfactory citable articles. The low percentage of keywords that coincide with Medical Subject Headings is noteworthy. The bibliographical references found in the articles come mainly from the English-speaking area and from journals indexed in the Journal Citation Report. The obsolescence analysis of these references produced suitable

Advances in the Assessment of Habitat Fragmentation and Protection in the NAFO Regulatory Area

NAFO has used kernel density analyses to identify VMEs dominated by large-sized sponges, sea pens, small and large gorgonian corals, erect bryozoans, sea squirts (Boltenia ovifera), and black corals. That analysis generates polygons of significant concentrations of biomass for each VME indicator which are spread across the spatial domain of the NAFO fishing footprint. There is potential for bottom contact fishing to induce changes in both the amount and configuration of habitat (e.g., decreased polygon size, increased polygon isolation, and increased edge area) through direct and indirect impacts, and it is unknown to what degree such changes may already have taken place given the long fishing history of the area. In the Report of the 13th Meeting of the NAFO Scientific Council Working Group on Ecosystem Science and Assessment (WGE-ESA), preliminary work on assessing and monitoring habitat fragmentation was presented. Here we continue that work by recalculating the indices after removing connections that are not identified through particle tracking models. We have reanalyzed the nearest neighbour distances and PX, a proximity index, for the VME polygons noted above, and for the new closed areas that will come into effect 1 January 2022. We show that PX when applied to the new closures appears sensitive to their spatial configuration which bodes will for the ability of this index to identify habitat fragmentation in the future, brought about through fishing activities and/or natural disturbances.Versión del edito