Kliničko i patohistološko istraživanje očnih novotvorina u mliječnih goveda

The aim of this study was to show the natural occurrence of ocular neoplasms in dairy cattle kept in 8 dairy farms around Tehran consisting of approximately 5000 dairy cows, over a period of two years. Animal characteristics, type of husbandry and climatic conditions were recorded. Tumours were removed surgically and examined grossly and microscopically. In the present study 32 cases of ocular neoplasms were diagnosed. The affected animals were female (100%), adult and more than 50% of them aged more than five years. In most of the cases (70%) the lesion were located in the nictitating membrane and palpebral conjunctiva. Intraocular invasion was noted in 7 cases (21.87%). Microscopically, in 12 cases out of 32 (37.5%) the tumours were noninvasive squamous cell carcinoma or carcinoma in situ; 18 cases (56.25%) were invasive squamous cell carcinoma; a single case (3.12%) was lymphosarcoma while a further single case (3.12%) was malignant hemangioendothelioma. The grade of malignancy was assessed for each case of neoplasms based on descriptions appearing in the literature. Most of the ocular neoplasms diagnosed were squamous cell carcinoma, mostly located in the nictitating membrane and palpebral conjunctiva.Cilj istraživanja bio je prikazati pojavu očnih novotvorina u tijeku dvije godine u približno pet tisuća mliječnih goveda držanih na osam mliječnih farmi u okolici Teherana. Prikazane su osnovne značajke životinja, tip uzgoja i klimatski uvjeti. Tumori su bili kirurški uklonjeni te pretraženi makroskopski i mikroskopski. Novotvorine oka ustanovljene su u 32 goveda od kojih je više od 50% bilo starijih od pet godina. Promjene su u većini slučajeva (70%) bile smještene na trećoj očnoj vjeđi i spojnicama. Intraokularne promjene zabilježene su u sedam slučajeva (21,87%). Mikroskopski je u 12 (37,5%) slučajeva ustanovljen neinvazivni skvamozni karcinom ili karcinom in situ, u 18 (56,25%) invazivni skvamozni karcinom, u jednom (3,12%) je ustanovljen limfosarkom te također u jednom (3,12%) slučaju bio je ustanovljen maligni hemangioendoteliom. Stupanj malignosti za svaki tumor bio je određen na osnovi literaturnih opisa. Većinom je dijagnosticiran skvamozni karcinom, pretežno smješten na trećoj očnoj vjeđi i spojnicama vjeđa

Histopathology and cholinergic assessment of Pterocarya fraxinifolia on chicken embryo

There are no reports of toxicological studies of Pterocarya fraxinifolia. The leaves are used for fishing, which also an anesthetic agent. Currently, many drugs utilized in anesthesia practice are modified cholinergic transmission and acetylcholine esterase inhibitors; these are parts of anaesthetic pharmacy. Therefore, cholinergic assessment was surveyed in chicken embryo, which Pterocarya fraxinifolia extractes were injected in 0.1, 1 and 10 mg concentration at day 4 of incubation. Serum and brain cholinesterase were analyzed on day 20 of incubation. The signs were not due to the changes of cholinesterase activity. In histopathology examination, massive necrosis was observed in the spinal cord. Other tissues such as heart, kidneys, skeletal bones and muscles, trachea and lungs, digestive system and endocrine glands were completely developed. This data suggests that the spinal cord is a target organ of the bioactive component of this plant

Efficacy of Polypropylene Mesh Coated with Bioresorbable Membrane (Sepramesh) for the Repair of Abdominal Wall Defects in Horses

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the use of Polypropylene mesh (Prolene) and Sepramesh, a coated Polypropylene mesh with a protective layer of Seprafilm on its visceral side, for the repair of abdominal wall defects in horses. We also aimed to quantify the consequent visceral adhesion and tissue inflammation. Study Design: Experimental study. Animal Population: Ten horses. Methods: The horses were divided into the control group, where a 4×8 cm defect was created through the midline of the abdomen and repaired with polypropylene mesh, and the experimental group, where the same defect was made and closed sepramesh. Both meshes were placed intraperitoneally and sutured to the cut margins of peritoneum and the opponeurosis of external abdominal oblique muscle contacting in viscera in a tensionfree technique. Results: The severity and extent of adhesions were significantly lower in the experimental group (B) than the control group (A) (P<0.05). Horses that received a * Corresponding author: 46 Polypropylene mesh experienced higher levels of inflammation, both on the day of operation and at two weeks, but significant differences were not apparent after 4 weeks. Conclusions: This study confirmed the advantages of Sepramesh over Polypropylene mesh in the repair of abdominal wall defects in horses. Clinical Relevance: There are many causes of abdominal wall defects in horses, including congenital and traumatic. This experiment suggests that the use of Sepramesh could strengthen the healing of abdominal wounds, prevent incisional hernias, and reduce intraabdominal adhesions

Assessment of the Protective Role of Herbal Drug Iberogast (STW5) in Prevention of Hepatic Histopathological Damage Caused by Acute Inflammation in Rats

Background and Objectives: Iberogast with commercial name of STW 5 is a well known herbal drug, which contains stable components of hydroethanolic extract from 9 different herbal drugs. This study was carried out with the purpose of assessing the protective effects of STW 5 in different doses on the hepatic histopathological damages induced by experimental cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model in septic rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 36 rats were divided into six groups (six rats in each group): Sham-operated (SOP); CLP group; CLP+STW 5 (received doses of 2.5, 5, and 10mg/kgBW) as treatment groups; and CLP+Indomethacin (10mg/kgBW) as positive control. The herbal drug STW 5 and Indomethacin were injected ip, immediately after sepsis induction. After 24 hour, the rats were sacrificed and the liver tissue was qualitatively and quantitatively examined in terms of histological changes. The differences between the data were determined by one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey’s HSD and the significant levels were defined as p<0.05. Results: The findings indicated that increased level of infiltrated and/or sequestrated polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) and also, elevated level of histological index of the severity of liver injuries in the CLP group were not improved after treatment with Iberogast.Conclusion: Considering the results of this study, ip injection of STW 5 immediately after sepsis induction had no effect on the modulation of histological parameters related to liver damages in CLP rat model

Emergence of African Swine Fever Virus, Northwestern Iran

In 2008, African swine fever was introduced into Georgia, after which it spread to neighboring Armenia, Azerbaijan, and the Russian Federation. That same year, PCR and sequence analysis identified African swine fever virus in samples from 3 dead female wild boars in northwestern Iran. Wild boars may serve as a reservoir