Cigarette smoking among medical students in Belgrade related to parental smoking habits

The smoking behaviour of 54.0% of all medical students in Belgrade University is analysed. About one-third are current smokers. Most male students smoke 11-20 cigarettes per day and most female students smoke 1-10 cigarettes daily. The relationship between parents' and students' smoking habit is distinct, especially in female students and when both parents are smokers. The significant association with parental smoking is present only in students who became smokers before the age of 19 and in students who smoke 11 or more cigarettes per day.smoking medical students parental influence

Epidemiological characteristics of hip fractures in Belgrade from 1990 to 2000

The objective of this study was to estimate the incidence of hip fractures in Belgrade for the period 1990-2000, and to determine distribution of fractures according to sex, age, and causes of injuries. Data based on medical records of the National Health Service in Belgrade were collected from all orthopedic hospitals and departments in Belgrade. A total number of 8904 hip fractures were included in the analysis, out of which 64.7% occurred in women. During the survey period, the estimated average annual incidence rate of hip fractures was 51.7/100 000 (95% Cl= 48.1-55.4); 66.2/100 000 (95% Cl= 60.8-72.1) in women and 35.3/100 000 (95% Cl= 31.4-40.1) in men, respectively. In the age group s50 years, the incidence rates standardized by the 1985 US population were 228 and 96 per 100 000 female and male population, respectively. An exponential increase in the incidence of hip fractures with age was observed in both sexes, especially in women. The number of trochanteric fractures was 4718 (53.0%), compared with 4186 (47.0%) cervical fractures. Observation at three time points, in 1990,1995,2000, indicated the pronounced increase of trochanteric fractures in women and less distinctive in men. Fall on the flat ground resulted in 70.3% of hip fractures among persons aged 50 years or older, and traffic accidents were recorded as the major cause in 59.7% of patients under 50 years of age

Mortality from endometrial cancer in female population of Belgrade

Data about mortality from malignant tumors of endometrium were analyzed in the Belgrade area during the period 1975-2000. The obtained results showed that the average percentage of endometrial cancer in mortality structure from all the cancers of female population was 2.65%. During the observed 26-years period, malignant tumors of endometrium constituted 17.38% of all the tumors of gynecological localization. The standardized mortality rate in 1975 (population worldwide used as a standard) 7.06/100 000 population while in 2000 it was 1.78/100 000 population, respectively, which showed almost fourfold mortality decline during the observed period (y=4.72-0.16x). A trend of declining risk of dying from endometrial cancer was present in all the age groups. The obtained results indicated that in the observed period the average mortality rates ranged from 0.14/100 000 population in females aged up to 34 years (y=0.30-0.01x), and reached the highest value in females aged 65-74 years (14.57/100 000; y=23.43-0.66x), and 75 years of age and over (19.62/100 000; y=31.17-0.85x)