Innovative Thinking: Modernizing Outer Space Governance

Space security is essential to global safety and prosperity. International treaties should modernize and reflect the world’s innovation in space and governance needs. One must look back to 1967 for the inaugural “Outer Space Treaty,” the first and only binding multilateral agreement for peaceful space use and exploration. In 50 years, technologies and space capabilities have evolved; an updated global treaty and agreement should be developed and evaluated. Both China and Russia have demonstrated their capability to degrade and/or destroy adversaries’ satellites in space. Space wars are no longer a hypothetical. The future once discussed and anxiously anticipated after Sputnik I is here. While the United States is maximizing efforts to protect and secure its satellites from harm, this activity may not be enough as international law on space security does not meet today’s needs. Now, more than ever, with the space security and cybersecurity realms intersecting, and with the achievement of adversarial space capabilities, there is a need to review and update the Outer Space Treaty. Recent weapons testing and the resultant challenges to keeping satellites in orbit have highlighted glaring the gaps in space governance. This domain is ripe for a new review to prevent the weaponization of outer space and potential international instability, and to secure satellites’ receipt and transfer of digital information, which is vital to all mankind’s way of life

Innovative Thinking: Modernizing Outer Space Governance

Space security is essential to global safety and prosperity. International treaties should modernize and reflect the world’s innovation in space and governance needs. One must look back to 1967 for the inaugural “Outer Space Treaty,” the first and only binding multilateral agreement for peaceful space use and exploration. In 50 years, technologies and space capabilities have evolved; an updated global treaty and agreement should be developed and evaluated. Both China and Russia have demonstrated their capability to degrade and/or destroy adversaries’ satellites in space. Space wars are no longer a hypothetical. The future once discussed and anxiously anticipated after Sputnik I is here. While the United States is maximizing efforts to protect and secure its satellites from harm, this activity may not be enough as international law on space security does not meet today’s needs. Now, more than ever, with the space security and cybersecurity realms intersecting, and with the achievement of adversarial space capabilities, there is a need to review and update the Outer Space Treaty. Recent weapons testing and the resultant challenges to keeping satellites in orbit have highlighted glaring the gaps in space governance. This domain is ripe for a new review to prevent the weaponization of outer space and potential international instability, and to secure satellites’ receipt and transfer of digital information, which is vital to all mankind’s way of life

“Lasso the Moon? Is It Possible? What about Hack the Moon? Today’s International Framework for Activities on the Moon”

The global interest in the moon and outer space continues to skyrocket. The current U.S. commercial investment in space is $350 billion annually, and it is expected to grow to$1 Trillion or more by 2040. The U.S. military investment in space defense and research likewise continues to grow, with the total investment amount remaining classified. With the frequent activity in space, as well as concerns about attacks to US space assets to and from space, the U.S, created the United States Space Command and its Space Force. With private space travel, nanosatellites, lunar exploration, and the proliferation of space weapons, the newest frontier of concern is outer space. This article explores who owns outer space, what is the governance model for peaceful exploration in space and defines the parameters of what activities can occur on the moon. National security rests on strong space security and cybersecurity. With the upcoming Hack the Moon competition and symposium being hosted by the Maryland Innovation and Security Institute, this article lays the foundation for the realm of the possible, which was once seen as the realm of the impossible. The Sky and the moon are no longer the limit

“Lasso the Moon? Is It Possible? What about Hack the Moon? Today’s International Framework for Activities on the Moon”

The global interest in the moon and outer space continues to skyrocket. The current U.S. commercial investment in space is $350 billion annually, and it is expected to grow to$1 Trillion or more by 2040. The U.S. military investment in space defense and research likewise continues to grow, with the total investment amount remaining classified. With the frequent activity in space, as well as concerns about attacks to US space assets to and from space, the U.S, created the United States Space Command and its Space Force. With private space travel, nanosatellites, lunar exploration, and the proliferation of space weapons, the newest frontier of concern is outer space. This article explores who owns outer space, what is the governance model for peaceful exploration in space and defines the parameters of what activities can occur on the moon. National security rests on strong space security and cybersecurity. With the upcoming Hack the Moon competition and symposium being hosted by the Maryland Innovation and Security Institute, this article lays the foundation for the realm of the possible, which was once seen as the realm of the impossible. The Sky and the moon are no longer the limit