Analysing Modular Construction with Respect to Design and Cost

The aim of this work is to study the urban housing problem and provide a viable solution for housing shortage in India and to find out the cost effectiveness of modular construction, and analyzing it as a solution to efficiently and cost effectively boost multi-family housing production by taking advantage of the advances in manufacturing and transportation capabilities that several other sectors currently utilize. Modular construction is the most comprehensive production system of several which presently utilize factory assembly and manufacturing practices to produce housing. There are tremendous cost and time savings to utilizing this method

Design and Evaluation of an Oral Floating Matrix Tablet of Salbutamol Sulphate

Purpose: To develop floating matrix tablets of salbutamol sulphate using ethyl cellulose and acrycoat S-100 as polymers, and sodium bicarbonate, citric acid and tartaric acid as gas generating agents. Methods: Twenty four formulations were prepared and segregated into four major categories, A to D. The floating tablets were prepared by wet granulation technique, and the granules were compressed at a pressure of 50 kg/cm2. The tablets contained drug, ethyl cellulose and Acrycoat S-100 (as releaseretarding polymers), sodium bicarbonate, citric acid and tartaric acid (as gas formers) as well as various additives. The tablets were made by wet granulation technique. The formulations were evaluated for in vitro buoyancy, dissolution and in vitro drug release. Results: All the formulations fulfilled the essential requirements for good floating systems. Formulation F8, containing citric acid and sodium bicarbonate, showed lower lag time and longer floating duration than the formulations containing only sodium bicarbonate. Formulation F8.2 (which contained citric and tartaric acid at a ratio of 1:1) showed longer floating duration (9 h) than F8. As the concentration of sodium bicarbonate increased in formulation F8.2, drug release decreased while floating duration increased.Conclusion: Of all the 24 formulations, the one containing tartaric acid and citric acid in ratio 1:3 and 12 mg sodium bicarbonate showed the highest floating duration and least lag time.Keywords: Salbutamol sulphate, Ethyl cellulose, Acrycoat S-100, Sodium bicarbonate, Citric acid, Tartaric aci

Development and Determination of Rutin by Spectrofluorimetric Method

ABSTRACT Rutin is a polyphenolic naturally occurring compound potentially having a huge impact in human benefit which includes wound healing, cardiovascular, carcinoma therapeutic activities as well as have nutraceutical benefits. The objective of study was to establish a precise, accurate, sensitive and reliable method for estimation at low concentrations of rutin in biological fluids, using spectrofluorimetric method.A standard curve of rutin was prepared in methanol and serum in the concentration range 1-10 ng/ml. The method was validated in terms of linearity, accuracy and precision.The regression data for rutin in methanol and serum observed to have a good linear relationship with R 2 > 0.99 over the concentration range of 1-10 ng/ml. This method gave adequate linearity, precision, accuracy and recovery. It is also concluded that method is less time consumption as compared with HPLC, which requires lengthier chromatographic separation

Experimental evaluation of horse hair as a nonabsorbable monofilament suture

Background: Success of surgery depends on wound closure and healing. Ancients had coated many suture materials from plant and animal origin. As the quest for natural nonabsorbable, monofilament surgical suture continues, horsehair has been taken for study, which is mentioned in ancient literature. Objectives: Aim of the study was to evaluate detail mechanical and biophysical properties of horsehair. Materials and Methods: Physical properties, that are diameter, straight pull and knot pull tensile strength, bioburden, sterility tests were performed. Visual and histological wound healing parameters were studied in experimental Wistar rat incision wound model. Two experimental wounds about 5 cm long were created on each side of dorsal midline. Each animal received two sutures-Horsehair 4-0 and Ethilon 4-0. The sutured areas were grossly examined on 3 rd and 7 th days for visual observations like congestion, edema, infection, wound disruption, and impression of suture material on healed wound and then subjected for histological study. Results: Revealed that horsehair has got diameter of 0.19 mm which complies with the 4-0 size USP standard. Straight pull tensile strength was found 0.5851 ± 0.122 kg and knot pull tensile strength was 0.3998 ± 0.078 kg, which complies with the standards of United State Pharmacopia for class II nonabsorbable suture materials. In vivo study revealed that there was no evidence of edema, congestion, and discharge in both the groups. Wounds healed with minimum impressions of suture material with minimum scar mark. Mean histological scoring shows very mild tissue reaction. Conclusion: Horsehair has got properties of standard suture material except low tensile strength and hence can be used in reconstructive, plastic surgeries, and ophthalmic surgeries