A stent based in-vivo bio-sensing system for glucose monitoring

In this paper, a stent based in-vivo bio-sensing system for glucose monitoring is introduced. Conventional glucose monitoring methods suffer from pain, inconvenience, and financial consumption. In order to overcome the problems, the method that the monitoring system is inserted into blood vessel and detecting the glucose level wirelessly is proposed in this paper. The system includes several blocks such as a sensor interface circuit, a communication block, a wireless power transfer block, and an antenna block. To implement the communication block, a delay locked loop (DLL) for an oscillator is designed and experimented. Also, to implement the wireless power transfer, rectifier and regulator are designed

Adaptive Amplifier for Acoustic Emission Sensors in 180nm CMOS

In this paper, an amplifier that is compatible with Acoustic Emission sensor(AE sensor) system is proposed. An amplifier is the most important part of the AE sensor system. To overcome the shortcomings that is hard to distinguish between normal and defect product, wide bandwidth characteristic is needed. In this simulation, the proposed op-amp covers 0 to 150 kilo hertz in the range of operation. At the same time, it has 60dB gain

Low capacitance sensing circuit for fingerprint sensor integrated into display screen based on charging and extracting process

In this paper, a sensitive and simple structure to measure low mutual capacitance of fingerprint sensor in 130-nm CMOS technology is presented. The proposed fingerprint sensor is integrated with display screen. Present sensing structures use projective capacitive touch technique. However, the new structure applies charging and extracting process (CEP). As using the CEP, the circuit challenges another different fingerprint sensor combined with display screen. Also, the current difference between ridge and valley is about 25 nA

A Stent based Biomedical Wireless Communication Platform for In-Vivo Glucose Sensing System

In this paper, a stent based wireless communication platform for in-vivo biomedical glucose sensing system is introduced. Because the system requires small size and low power consumption, on-off keying (OOK) modulation is adopted. In order to reduce the system size, a self-oscillator is used instead of either a phase locked loop (PLL) or a delay locked loop (DLL)

Tracking Optimal Efficiency of Magnetic Resonance Wireless Power Transfer System for Biomedical Capsule Endoscopy

This paper presents a new method to track the optimal efficiency of a magnetic resonance (MR)-wireless power transfer (WPT) system for biomedical capsule endoscopy. Recently, capsule endoscopy technology has been developed and emerged as an alternative to small bowel endoscopy, gastroscopy, and colonoscopy, all of which cause discomfort to patients because of their relatively large-diameter and flexible cables. However, commercialized capsule endoscopy still suffers from limited battery capacity. This paper presents a theory for tracking the optimal efficiency of an MR-WPT system, along with its experimental verification. An MR-WPT system with a 9-mm-diameter receiver is implemented, which is small enough to fit in the current capsule endoscope. The proposed system improves the efficiency despite variations in the distance, angle, and axial misalignment, with maximum increases of 2.45, 4.69, and 1.48 dB, respectively. Penetrative transfer through biological tissue is demonstrated with a low degradation in efficiency of 0.390 dB. The proposed system was found to have a very low specific absorption rate of 1.74 W/kg, which demonstrated that it is safe to use in the human body.close0

An improved wireless power transfer system with adaptive technique for implantable biomedical devices

Modern medical treatment and diagnoses benefit from IT technologies ranging from small pill transceiver devices to permanent implanted devices. Either case must communicate to the external devices for the medical expert to view. Moreover, these devices require certain form of power supply in order for the device the function properly. In order to minimize the necessary battery requirement, power consumption per bit and required internal battery cell is carefully designed. Among the choices for power supply arrangement, wireless power transfer (WPT) technology is providing an alternative promising solution for supplying power to medically implanted devices. In this paper, WPT technology for medically implantable device is analyzed. Some of the issue is studied, and possible solution is presented

A 200-Mb/s Data Rate 3.1-4.8-GHz IR-UWB All-Digital Pulse Generator With DB-BPSK Modulation

A new all-digital impulse radio ultrawideband pulse generator in a 65-nm CMOS technology for a wireless body area network is presented. The system architecture is a delay-based pulse generator that is designed using only logic gates to minimize the power consumption. The system uses a frequency range of 3.1-4.8 GHz and 3 channels with a 500-MHz bandwidth. The maximum data rate of this system is 100 Mb/s with pulse positioned modulation and 200 Mb/s with on-off keying. Delay-based binary phase-shift keying is used to achieve an efficient spectral line characteristic. The total power consumption of the pulse generator is 30 pJ/pulse at a 1.2-V supply voltage without a static bias currentclose

Bootstrap capacitorless DCM VOT buck converter with dead-time-based off-time calibration for magnetic resonance wireless power transfer

This study reports a miniaturised discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) variable on-time (VOT) buck converter providing an output of 1.8 V in the input range of 3-12 V to support applications with large wireless coupling. Conventionally, an additional large capacitor has been used as a bootstrap capacitor to drive the high-side switch of buck converters, which prevents minimisation. In this study, a standalone momentary power consumption level shifter is proposed to remove the additional bootstrap capacitor and increase the power conversion efficiency (PCE) in the buck converter. A Zener diode is utilised to reduce the power consumption of the level shifter. In addition, a dead-time-based off-time calibration circuit is proposed to further increase the PCE by reducing the low-side conduction loss. The proposed circuit is fabricated with a TSMC 0.18-mu m BCD process, and the core circuit occupies an active area of 0.68 mm(2) with two external components. It provides output currents in the range of 20 mu A to 3 mA with a maximum switching frequency of 750 kHz. The maximum efficiency of the converter below 5 mW is 80.2%

Improvement of dual-glucose sensor specificity for prosthetic vascular grafts based on a calibration scheme

Glucose monitoring is an important clinical procedure, especially for dialysis patients who need consistent monitoring of their glucose levels. Currently, the most extensively used method for glucose monitoring involves pricking the finger and sampling a small amount of blood. Given that this procedure is inconvenient and can cause pain and potential infection, there is demand for the development of alternative glucose sensing methods. This study introduces a methodology for improved glucose sensor specificity based on a calibration scheme. One microwave and one capacitive glucose sensor were designed and placed on a prosthetic vascular graft. Each sensor yielded a finite variation in the measured glucose concentrations based on its capacity to sense permittivity changes in aqueous D-glucose solutions. However, as blood components other than glucose-such as proteins, erythrocytes and haemoglobin-may affect the measurements, the authors also introduced a calibration scheme to adjust and calibrate each measurement to ensure accuracy. The measurement data yielded a maximum error of <7.33%. Based on these outcomes, the specificity of glucose monitoring in prosthetic vascular grafts is validated