Cell block technique as a complementary method in the clinical diagnosis of cyst-like lesions of the jaw

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the applicability of the cell block technique as a complementary method for presumptive diagnosis in the analysis of cyst-like aspirates from jaw lesions prior to histopathological diagnosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The sample was made up of 17 cyst-like jaw lesions. After puncture, the aspirates were centrifuged, fixed in formalin, embedded in paraffin and processed. All lesions were biopsied and submitted to histopathological examination. RESULTS: In 9 cases, the cytopathological analysis using the cell block method showed a predominant presence of erythrocytes, inflammatory cells and few epithelial cells. In the other 8 cases, the cell block technique demonstrated the presence of parakeratin, whose histopathological analysis confirmed the occurrence of keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KOTs). CONCLUSIONS: According to the studied cases, the cell block method was proven to be a simple, fast and low-cost technique to effectively differentiate KOTs from other lesions with similar clinical and radiographic features. The cell block technique comprises cellular preparations useful to determine a clinical diagnosis and help to develop a therapeutic plan for those lesions

Oral manifestations, counts of CD4+ T lymphocytes and viral load in Brazilian and American HIV-infected children

A prevalência de manifestações estomatológicas associadas à infecção pelo HIV foi avaliada em 184 crianças de ambos os sexos, da faixa etária de zero a 13 anos de idade, atendidas nos Ambulatórios de AIDS Pediátrica do Hospital São Lucas (HSL) da PUCRS, e do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) da UFRGS, ambos em Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil e no Centro Pediátrico para Doenças Infecciosas do Hospital Universitário e Departamento de Odontopediatria da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Estadual de Nova Iorque (SUNY) em Stony Brook, Nova Iorque, EUA, no período de janeiro de 1999 a maio de 2000. A freqüência de crianças brasileiras (72,73%) e norte-americanas (53,66%) com manifestações estomatológicas associadas à infecção pelo HIV foi estatisticamente significativa, com destaque para linfadenopatia cérvico-facial, aumento de volume das parótidas, candidíase eritematosa, petéquias, gengivite, xerostomia e queilite angular. As crianças com manifestações estomatológicas apresentaram contagens médias de linfócitos T-CD4+ próximas à normalidade e carga viral alta.Oral manifestations related to HIV infection were evaluated in 184 children of both genders, aging 0-13 years. The oral exams were carried out at the Ambulatory of Pediatric AIDS, São Lucas Hospital and at the Clinics Hospital, both in Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, and at the University Hospital and School of Dentistry, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY, USA, from January 1999 to May 2000. A high prevalence of oral manifestations was observed both in Brazilian (72.73%) and American (53.66%) children. The most frequent manifestations were cervical lymphadenopathy, swelling of the parotids, erythematous candidiasis, petechia, gingivitis, xerostomia and angular cheilitis. Children with oral manifestations had almost normal counts of CD4+ T lymphocytes and high viral load

EFICÁCIA DO ADESIVO AUTOCONDICIONANTE EM RESTAURAÇÕES DE DENTES COM CÁRIE RELACIONADA À RADIAÇÃO

Neoplasias malignas na região de cabeça e pescoço são comumente tratadas por radioterapia (RTx), adjuvante a cirurgias, pós-operatória ou paliativa. No entanto, a RTx pode causar alterações em glândulas salivares, como hipossalivação, e afetar a mineralização de tecidos dentais duros, que favorecem a formação de cárie relacionada à radiação. Restaurações adesivas são indicadas para adequação oral desses pacientes, todavia, a realização desse procedimento frequentemente apresenta falhas adesivas. O objetivo desse trabalho foi realizar uma revisão de literatura acerca da eficácia de adesivos autocondicionantes em restaurações de dentes com cárie relacionada à radiação. A procura por artigos foi realizada no site Pubmed com as palavras-chaves: “Radiotherapy”; “Adhesive”; “Composite Resins”. Os critérios de inclusão foram estudos laboratoriais e clínicos, revisões sistemáticas e literárias, publicados entre 2015 e 2020, sendo selecionados seis artigos. Conforme os artigos selecionados, quando aplicados em dentes irradiados ou não irradiados, os adesivos autocondicionantes apresentam a mesma eficácia de adesão. Isso pode ser explicado devido à elevada força de ligação de monômeros funcionais, principalmente o 10-MDP, com íons cálcio da hidroxiapatita dental, o que permite maior coesão da resina infiltrada após polimerização e melhor resistência durante a hidrólise. Sendo assim, é possível concluir que adesivos autocondicionantes podem ser uma boa alternativa em restaurações de cárie relacionada à radiação. Contudo, mais estudos a respeito desse tema são imprescindíveis

Saúde do adulto: odontologia

Este módulo está dividido em duas partes. A primeira apresenta ao especializando uma visão das atividades interdisciplinares que envolvem os indicadores de morbi-mortalidade nacionais e estaduais em saúde do adulto; os Programas, Políticas e Pactos relacionados à saúde do adulto no Brasil; e o papel dos membros da equipe de Saúde da Família no planejamento e execução de ações e na avaliação de riscos em saúde do adulto. A segunda parte oportuniza a leitura de conteúdos específicos de cada área profissional, suficientes para que o especializando trabalhe de forma resolutiva, e a prestação da assistência à saúde de qualidade. No entanto, é imperioso que o especializando não se esqueça que uma parte do sucesso de seu trabalho depende em muito da participação dos demais membros da equipe de saúde. Só desta forma se pode concretizar uma atenção à saúde na lógica da Estratégia Saúde da Família.1.0Ministério da Saúde/OPAS/OM

Techniques for Precancerous Lesion Diagnosis

The development of the oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a multistep process that requires the accumulation of multiple genetic alterations usually preceded by detectable mucosal changes, most often leukoplakias and erythroplakias. The clinical appearance of oral precancerous lesions and their degree of epithelium dysplasia suggests the malignization potential. Several techniques have been developed to improve the clinical and cytological diagnosis of oral precancerous lesions. The present paper reviews the main techniques used to improve premalignant lesion diagnosis

Carcinoma Verrucoso e Leucoplasia em um mesmo paciente: relato de caso clínico

The authors report a case of a 65 years-old female patient with two lesions that were present for 4 years. The patient did not smoke or drink alcohol. One of the lesions was proliferative, had verruciform and whiteness surface and was located in the buccal mucosa, at the right side; the other lesion was a plaque with irregular shape and white color and was located in tongue border, right side. The clinical vliagnosis was Oral Verrucous Carcinoma to the buccal mucosa and Leukoplakia to the border tongue lesion; both clinical diagnoses were confirmed by histopathologic exams. The patient was treated by surgery; after 6 months, she is well and recovering facial and tongue movement, with physiotherapy.Os autores descrevem o caso clínico de duas lesões presentes há mais de 4 anos, em uma paciente do sexo feminino, 65 anos de idade, que negou hábitos de tabagismo e etilismo. Uma das lesões encontrava-se em mucosa jugal, lado direito, exofítica, com superfície verrucóide e esbranquiçada; outra localizava-se na borda da língua, lado direito, em forma de placa branca. Os diagnósticos clínicos estabelecidos foram de Carcinoma Verrucoso para a lesão de mucosa jugal e de Leucoplasia para a lesão de língua, os quais foram confirmados no exame histopatológico. A paciente foi encaminhada para remoção cirúrgica de ambas as lesões. Decorridos 6 meses da cirurgia, a mesma encontra-se em bom estado de saúde geral, recuperando os movimentos faciais e linguais, através de fisioterapia

Osteoradionecrosis of the jaws: case series treated with adjuvant low-level laser therapy and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy

Background: Osteoradionecrosis of the jaw (ORNJ) is the most severe and complex sequel of head and neck radiotherapy (RT) because of the bone involved, it may cause pain, paresthesia, foul odor, fistulae with suppuration, need for extra oral communication and pathological fracture. We treated twenty lesions of ORNJ using low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). The objective of this study was to stimulate the affected area to homeostasis and to promote the healing of the oral mucosa. Methods: We performed aPDT on the exposed bone, while LLLT was performed around the bone exposure (red spectrum) and on the affected jaw (infrared spectrum). Monitoring and clinical intervention occurred weekly or biweekly for 2 years. Results: 100% of the sample presented clinical improvement, and 80% presented complete covering of the bone exposure by intact oral mucosa. Conclusion:LLLT and aPDT showed positive results as an adjuvant therapy to treat ORNJ

Morphological analysis of the skeletal development in lateral cephalometric radiographs of HIV infected children ongoing Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

To investigate the skeletal development of HIV infected children through a morphological analysis of the cervical vertebrae (CV) in lateral cephalometric radiographs. The sample consisted of 86 lateral cephalometric radiographs of male and female children aged between 6 and 14 years old. The radiographs were equally distributed in groups 1 (HIV infected children) and 2 (non-infected children, paired by sex and age). Two examiners analyzed the CV according to the method of Hassel and Farman (1995). Spearman correlation coefficient was used to associate age and skeletal development within groups, while Mann-Whitney test compared the skeletal development between groups. The correlation of age and skeletal development in group 1 reached 0.17, 0.27 and 0.27 (p >0.05) for C2, C3 and C4, respectively, while in group 2 it reached 0.65, 0.54 and 0.60, respectively (p 0.05). HIV infected and non-infected children showed a similar development of the CV. However, the weak correlation between age and CV development in HIV infected children highlights the need for careful decisions prior to therapeutic approaches ? especially those founded on the prediction of skeletal development, such as maxillofacial surgeries, and orthopedic and orthodontic procedures

Influence of self-etching adhesive on the bond strength of irradiated teeth

ABSTRACT This study aimed to conduct a literature review about the influence of self-etching adhesives on the bond strength of restorative procedures for irradiated teeth. The search for articles was carried out on six databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, LILACS, Cochrane). Gray literature (Google Scholar) and reference lists of included studies were evaluated. The keywords used were: “Radiotherapy” OR “Radiation Therapy” OR “Radiation Treatment” OR “Radiation Effects” OR “Radioterapia” OR “Terapia por radiação” OR “Tratamento por radiação” OR “Efeitos da Radiação” OR “Terapia por Radiación” OR “Tratamiento por Radiación” OR “Efectos de Radiación” AND “Dentin-Bonding agent” OR “Adesivos Dentinários” OR “Recubrimientos Dentinarios”. The inclusion criteria were laboratory and clinical studies, dissertations, literary and systematic reviews, and no time and language restrictions. Three hundred and eighteen studies were identified in the databases, 30 in the gray literature, and 5 from the reference list of included articles. 40 were excluded for being duplicates. After reading the title and abstract, 28 articles remained for complete analysis. In the end, 21 articles were included in this study. Self-etching could be a good option for irradiated teeth restorations. However, further clinical studies are needed

Dental Treatment in Patients with Leukemia

Dental treatment of patients with leukemia should be planned on the basis of antineoplastic therapy which can be chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy and bone marrow transplantation. Many are the oral manifestations presented by these patients, arising from leukemia and/or treatment. In addition, performing dental procedures at different stages of treatment (before, during, or after) must follow certain protocols in relation to the haematological indices of patients, aimed at maintaining health and contributing to the effectiveness of the results of antineoplastic therapy. Through a literature review, the purpose of this study was to report the hematological abnormalities present in patients with leukemia, trying to correlate them with the feasibility of dental treatment at different stages of the disease. It is concluded in this paper that dental treatment in relation to haematological indices presented by patients with leukemia must follow certain protocols, mainly related to neutrophil and platelet counts, and the presence of the dentist in a multidisciplinary team is required for the health care of this patient