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    Factores de riesgo asociados a hipertensi贸n arterial en pacientes del Servicio de Cardiologia del Hospital Dr. Abel Gilbert Pont贸n.

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    Introduction: Hypertension as a global public health problem contributes to a considerable risk factor for cardiac and cerebrovascular complications, causing premature disability. Objective: To identify the risk factors that predispose to hypertension in patients who attend the cardiology service of Dr. Abel Gilbert pontoon Hospital. Material and methods: A descriptive, transversal study was conducted, which included 404 patients who were treated in the cardiology service of the Guayaquil Dr. Albert Gilbert Pontoon Hospital in the year 2016. The variables analyzed were: Age, sex, weight, size, body mass index (BMI), nutritional status, level of academic instruction, physical activity, family history of hypertension, daily consumption of salt. The information was tabulated and processed, and presented in tables and charts, with the data in frequencies and percentages for the qualitative variables. In the quantitative variables the mean and the standard deviation were determined. The association between categorical variables was determined by the statistic Chi Cuadrado, and the degree of association and risk through the calculation of Odd Ratio, with a confidence interval of 95%, considering a value of p less than 0.05 as statistically Significant. The statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22 for Windows of IBM was used for data processing and statistic analysis. Result: The factors that were significantly associated with the presence of hypertension were: the level of academic instruction, the overincarceration/obesity, and age. The physical activity, the diet that had an increase in the consumption of salt, the family history of hypertension and sex were factors that were not associated with hypertension in the present study. Conclusions: There is statistically significant association between hypertension and modifiable risk factors such as overweight/obesity, hip waist index and an unmodifiable risk factor such as academic instruction and age.Introducci贸n: La hipertensi贸n como problema de salud p煤blica mundial contribuye a un factor de riesgo considerable para complicaciones cardiacas y cerebrovasculares causando discapacidad prematura. Objetivo: Identificar los factores de riesgo que predisponen a la hipertensi贸n arterial en los pacientes que asisten al Servicio de Cardiolog铆a del Hospital Dr. Abel Gilbert Pont贸n. Material y M茅todos: Se realiz贸 un estudio descriptivo, transversal, que incluy贸 a 404 pacientes que fueron atendidos en el Servicio de Cardiolog铆a del Hospital Guayaquil Dr. Albert Gilbert Pont贸n en el a帽o 2016. Las variables analizadas fueron: edad, sexo, peso, talla, 铆ndice de masa corporal (IMC), estado nutricional, nivel de instrucci贸n acad茅mica, actividad f铆sica, historia familiar de hipertensi贸n arterial, consumo diario de sal. La informaci贸n fue tabulada y procesada, y se present贸en tablas y gr谩ficos, con los datos en frecuencias y porcentajes para las variables cualitativas. En las variables cuantitativas se determin贸 la media y la desviaci贸n est谩ndar. La asociaci贸n entre variables categ贸ricas se determin贸 mediante el estad铆stico Chi cuadrado, y el grado de asociaci贸n y de riesgo a trav茅s del c谩lculo de Odd Ratio, con un intervalo de confianza del 95%, considerando un valor de p menor de 0.05 como estad铆sticamente significativo. Para el procesamiento de los datos y el an谩lisis estad铆stico se utiliz贸 el programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versi贸n 22 para Windows de IBM. Resultados: Los factores que resultaron estar asociados significativamente con la presencia de hipertensi贸n arterial fueron: el nivel de instrucci贸n acad茅mica, el sobrepreso/obesidad, y la edad. La actividad f铆sica, la dieta que ten铆a un incremento en el consumo de sal, el antecedente familiar de hipertensi贸n arterial y el sexo, fueron factores que no se encontraron asociados a la hipertensi贸n arterial en el presente estudio. Conclusiones: Existe asociaci贸n estad铆sticamente significativa entre la hipertensi贸n arterial y factores de riesgo modificables como el sobrepeso/obesidad, 铆ndice cintura cadera y un factor de riesgo no modificable como es el grado de instrucci贸n acad茅mica y la edad
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