Izvaninstitucionalni programi rada s ovisnicima o ilegalnim drogama: mogućnosti izricanja alternativnih sankcija punoljetnim osuđenim ovisnicima

Ovaj rad daje pregled izvaninstitucionalnih programa rada s osuđenim ovisnicima o ilegalnim drogama u zemljama Europske unije i SAD-u, a zahvaća i problematiku izricanja takvih programa u Republici Hrvatskoj. Nadalje, raspravlja se o mogućnostima i dvojbama izricanja alternativnih sankcija osuđenim ovisnicima, a kao pozitivan i uspješan primjer takve vrste sankcioniranja navode se primjeri Velike Britanije i SAD-a u kojima je razvijen i implementiran model Sudova za drogu, (The Drug Court Model) koji pokazuje veliki stupanj uspješnosti. Budući da je izricanje alternativnih sankcija osuđenim ovisnicima u RH još u povojima, rad elaborira nekoliko teza i mogućnosti poboljšanja postojećeg stanja

Evaluation Of The Lifestyle Theory Values Inventory

Polazište na kojemu se temelji ovaj rad je teorija životnog stila koja definira vrijednosti kao opće standarde, ideje i kvalitete koje pojedinac smatra poželjnim ili korisnim (Walters, 1998). Teorija životnog stila klasificira vrijednosti u četiri klastera: klaster socijalnih vrijednosti, radnih vrijednosti, visceralnih vrijednosti i klaster intelektualnih vrijednosti. Svrha rada je evaluacija Upitnika vrijednosti i istovremeno provjera modela vrijednosti prema Teoriji životnog stila, autora Glenna Waltersa. Prvi cilj rada je provjera mjernih karakteristika Upitnika vrijednosti iz teorije životnog stila. Drugi cilj je provjera faktorske strukture Upitnika vrijednosti. Hipoteza rada je da će evaluacija Upitnika vrijednosti potvrditi model vrijednosti predviđen teorijom životnog stila. Rezultati analize metrijskih karakteristika Upitnika pokazuju postojanje zadovoljavajućih metrijskih karakteristika. Međutim, faktorskom analizom utvrđeno je dosta nedostataka u smislu potvrđivanja četiri pretpostavljena klastera vrijednosti: faktori dobiveni ovim istraživanjem ne poklapaju se s faktorima predviđenim Teorijom životnog stila.The starting point of this paper is the Lifestyle theory which defines the values as the general standards, ideas and qualities which the individual considers to be desirable or useful (Walters, 1998). Lifestyle theory classifies the values in four clusters: social value cluster, work value cluster, visceral values and intellectual values. These Lifestyle theory values are closely examined in a special chapter of this paper, since the Lifestyle theory makes the theoretical framework of this paper. The purpose of the paper is the evaluation of the Values Inventory, and at the same time, the evaluation of the model of values according to the Lifestyle theory by Glenn Walters. The first objective of the paper is analysis the metric characteristics of the Values Inventory. The second objective is the assessment of the factorial structure of the above mentioned Inventory. The hypothesis of the paper is the following: the evaluation of the Values Inventory will confirm the model of values predicted by the Lifestyle theory. The results of the analysis of the metric characteristics of the Values Inventory show the existence of satisfying metric characteristics. However, the factorial analysis has shown several inadequacies in relation to confirmation of the four expected value clusters: factors obtained in this research do not match the factors anticipated by the Lifestyle theory

Evaluation Of The Lifestyle Theory Values Inventory

Polazište na kojemu se temelji ovaj rad je teorija životnog stila koja definira vrijednosti kao opće standarde, ideje i kvalitete koje pojedinac smatra poželjnim ili korisnim (Walters, 1998). Teorija životnog stila klasificira vrijednosti u četiri klastera: klaster socijalnih vrijednosti, radnih vrijednosti, visceralnih vrijednosti i klaster intelektualnih vrijednosti. Svrha rada je evaluacija Upitnika vrijednosti i istovremeno provjera modela vrijednosti prema Teoriji životnog stila, autora Glenna Waltersa. Prvi cilj rada je provjera mjernih karakteristika Upitnika vrijednosti iz teorije životnog stila. Drugi cilj je provjera faktorske strukture Upitnika vrijednosti. Hipoteza rada je da će evaluacija Upitnika vrijednosti potvrditi model vrijednosti predviđen teorijom životnog stila. Rezultati analize metrijskih karakteristika Upitnika pokazuju postojanje zadovoljavajućih metrijskih karakteristika. Međutim, faktorskom analizom utvrđeno je dosta nedostataka u smislu potvrđivanja četiri pretpostavljena klastera vrijednosti: faktori dobiveni ovim istraživanjem ne poklapaju se s faktorima predviđenim Teorijom životnog stila.The starting point of this paper is the Lifestyle theory which defines the values as the general standards, ideas and qualities which the individual considers to be desirable or useful (Walters, 1998). Lifestyle theory classifies the values in four clusters: social value cluster, work value cluster, visceral values and intellectual values. These Lifestyle theory values are closely examined in a special chapter of this paper, since the Lifestyle theory makes the theoretical framework of this paper. The purpose of the paper is the evaluation of the Values Inventory, and at the same time, the evaluation of the model of values according to the Lifestyle theory by Glenn Walters. The first objective of the paper is analysis the metric characteristics of the Values Inventory. The second objective is the assessment of the factorial structure of the above mentioned Inventory. The hypothesis of the paper is the following: the evaluation of the Values Inventory will confirm the model of values predicted by the Lifestyle theory. The results of the analysis of the metric characteristics of the Values Inventory show the existence of satisfying metric characteristics. However, the factorial analysis has shown several inadequacies in relation to confirmation of the four expected value clusters: factors obtained in this research do not match the factors anticipated by the Lifestyle theory

AN OVERVIEW OF THE RESEARCH INTO THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ELECTRONIC MONITORING AS AN ALTERNATIVE SANCTION

The aim of this article is to offer an overview of the most recent scholarly advances concerning electronic monitoring as a measure and/or sanction, as it has appeared in criminal justice practice since the 1980s. Furthermore, the article offers guidelines for the development and further implementation of this measure in the Republic of Croatia. Electronic monitoring has been implemented in numerous countries worldwide. The general acceptance of electronic monitoring is the result of striving to reduce the prison population and reduce the high costs associated with it. Based on the extant literature, we notice a lack of interest in the matters related to electronic monitoring in the Republic of Croatia. Both the scholars\u27 and the professionals\u27 interest is directed towards the functioning of the probation service, while the topic of electronic monitoring is mentioned rarely, and predominantly in the context of problematizing the entire probation system. We thus note a lack of scientific and applied written work on this very important topic, particularly in the Croatian context, where this particular alternative sanction is about to be introduced. Planning and implementation of electronic monitoring in the Republic of Croatia form part of the reform of Croatian criminal justice system and it is thus of great importance, based on the knowledge and experience of international practice, to gain insight into the conditions necessary for the planning and introduction of electronic monitoring in the Croatian criminal justice syste

Iskustvo boravka u zatvoru iz perspektive počiniteljica kaznenih djela u Republici Hrvatskoj

Scientific studies in criminology mainly neglect the criminality of women, especially the perspective of women prisoners. The aim of qualitative research was to examine the experience of imprisonment and institutional treatment for female prisoners. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview with 10 female prisoners in female penitentiary in Croatia. Research questions focused on the experience of stay in prison, treatment, perceived changes, suggestions for treatment improvement. Data were processed with inductive thematic analysis. Five topics have been separated: Expectations before coming to penitentiary, Experience of stay in penitentiary, Experience of treatment, Perception of personal changes, and Suggestions to improve the institutional treatment. It is necessary to continuously evaluate the treatment programs implemented in correctional institutions to determine their effectiveness, therefore the perspective of female prisoners can be an important criterion for the the creation of measures and policies pursued by the state regarding correctional institutions.Znanstvena istraživanja u području kriminologije uglavnom zanemaruju kriminalitet žena, naročito perspektivu zatvorenica. Cilj kvalitativnog istraživanja bio je ispitati doživljaj boravka u kaznionici i institucionalnog tretmana zatvorenica. Podaci su prikupljeni koristeći metodu polustrukturiranog intervjua provedenog s deset zatvorenica u Kaznionici za žene u Požegi. Istraživačka pitanja usmjerena su na doživljaj boravka u kaznionici, tretmana, percipiranih osobnih promjena i prijedloga za unaprjeđenje tretmana. Podaci su obrađeni induktivnom tematskom analizom. Izdvojeno je pet tema: očekivanja prije dolaska u kaznionicu, doživljaj boravka u kaznionici, doživljaj tretmana, percepcija osobnih promjena i prijedlozi za unaprjeđenje institucionalnog tretmana. Nužno je kontinuirano provoditi evaluacije tretmanskih programa u kaznionicama da bi se utvrdila njihova efikasnost, a perspektiva zatvorenica pri tome može biti značajan kriterij za osmišljavanje mjera i politika koje provodi država u zatvorskome sustavu

EVALUATION OF THE FACTOR STRUCTURE AND METRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL INVENTORY OF CRIMINAL THINKING STYLES

Teorijsko ishodište na kojemu se temelji ovaj rad je teorija kriminalnog životnog stila (Walters, 1990) koja pretpostavlja postojanje osam kriminalnih stilova razmišljanja koji podupiru kriminalno ponašanje i omogućuju egzistiranje u kriminalnom životnom stilu. U svrhu procjenjivanja kriminalnih stilova razmišljanja kreiran je Psihološki upitnik kriminalnih stilova razmišljanja (PICTS) (Walters, 1995) koji se sastoji od 80 varijabli organiziranih na10 skala. Cilj rada je provjera faktorske strukture i metrijskih karakteristika skala PICTS-a. Rezultati ukazuju na postojanje 2 faktora. Prvi faktor obuhvaća 8 skala kriminalnih stilova razmišljanja, a drugi faktor čine dvije validacijske skale Upitnika. Metrijske karakteristike skala kriminalnih stilova razmišljanja su zadovoljavajuće, dok je pouzdanost validacijskih skala vrlo niska. Ovi rezultati poklapaju se s rezultatima brojnih svjetskih istraživanja.Theoretical background of research in this paper is The Criminal Lifestyle Theory (Walters, 1998). Theory assumes that criminal behaviour is connected with eight related criminal thinking styles: mollification, cutoff, entitlement, power orientation, sentimentality, superoptimism, cognitive indolence and discontinuity. The formulation of these thinking styles was developed through clinical observations and the Psychological Inventory of Criminal Thinking Styles (PICTS) was formulated as an assessment tool and contains 10 scales (8 criminal thinking scales and 2 validity scales). The first objective of the paper is an assessment of the factor structure of the PICTS and the second objective is to examine the psychometric properties of the PICTS. The findings suggested that from a psychometric perspective the PICTS scales were performing well. The factor analysis performed on all 10 scales has extracted two factors and factor analysis performed only on 8 scales of criminal thinking styles has extracted one factor – a factor of general criminal thinking style

Differences in Criminal Thinking Styles Considering the Involvement in Criminal Lifestyle

Teorijsko polazište na kojemu se temelji istraživanje u ovome radu je teorija kriminalnog životnog stila (Walters, 1998). Spomenuta teorija, između ostaloga, naglašava kako životni stil kriminaliteta karakteriziraju četiri bihevioralna stila (neodgovornost, samo-udovoljavanje, interpersonalna nasilnost, kršenje socijalnih pravila) kroz koje je moguće procijeniti dubinu uključenosti u životni stil. Naime, što je veća uključenost u spomenute bihevioralne stilove, to je dublja i uključenost u kriminalni životni stil. Dubinu uključenosti u kriminalni životni stil mjeri Upitnik dubine uključenosti u kriminalni životni stil (LCSF). Teorija kriminalnog životnog stila također pretpostavlja postojanje osam kriminalnih stilova razmišljanja. To su: opravdavanje, rezanje, ovlaštenje, orijentacija ka moći, sentimentalnost, superoptimizam, kognitivna indolencija i diskontinuitet. Pretpostavka je da osobe koje su dublje u kriminalnom životnom stilu imaju jače izražene kriminalne stilove razmišljanja. Glavni cilj rada je utvrditi postoje li razlike u kriminalnim stilovima razmišljanja s obzirom na dubinu uključenosti u kriminalni životni stil. Osim toga, cilj rada je i utvrditi prirodu povezanosti između bihevioralnih stilova koje pretpostavlja teorija kriminalnog životnog stila i kriminalnih stilova razmišljanja. Uzorak ispitanika čini 415 muških pravomoćno osuđenih punoljetnih počinitelja kaznenih djela koji su u razdoblju od prosinca 2007. godine do veljače 2009. godine prošli kroz Odjel za dijagnostiku i programiranje tretmana u Zatvoru u Zagrebu. U radu se polazi od hipoteze o postojanju razlika u kriminalnim stilovima razmišljanja s obzirom na dubinu uključenosti u kriminalni životni stil te od hipoteze o postojanju povezanosti između bihevioralnih karakteristika koje definiraju kriminalni životni stil i kriminalnih stilova razmišljanja. Hipoteze su testirane metodom diskriminacijske i kanoničko-korelacijske analize. Dobiveni rezultati ukazuju na postojanje razlika u kriminalnim stilovima razmišljanja s obzirom na dubinu uključenosti u kriminalni životni stil i to na način da osuđenici koji su dublje u kriminalnom životnom stilu (umjerena i duboka uključenost) imaju i jače izraženih svih osam kriminalnih stilova razmišljanja.Theoretical background of research in this paper is The Criminal Lifestyle Theory (Walters, 1998). This theory consist of four behavioral styles: irresponsibility, self-indulgence, interpersonal violence and breaking of social rules. Involvement in criminal lifestyle is assessed through participation in those behavioural styles. A questionnaire for measurement lifestyle involvement is called Lifestyle Criminality Screening Form (LCSF) and it consists of four subscales which describe four behavioral styles, mentioned above. Walters (1998) proposed that the cognition aspect of his theory is evident in eight related thinking styles: mollification, cutoff, entitlement, power orientation, sentimentality, superoptimism, cognitive indolence and discontinuity. The mail goal of this paper is to find out the differences beetween criminal thinking styles considering the involvement in criminal lifestyle. The goal of this paper is also to determent the connection between four behavioral styles and eight thinking styles. The sample consists of 415 male prisoners, placed in the State Centre for Psychosocial Diagnostics in Zagreb between December 2007. and February 2009. The data were processed by the discriminant analysis and by the canonical-correlation analysis. The results showed differences in criminal thinking styles between prisoners who are deeply involved in criminal activities and the prisoners that don’t show much activities in criminal lifestyle

Evaluation of Lifestyle Criminality Screening from in Croatian Prison System

This paper examines metric characteristics and factor structure of Lifestyle Criminality Screening Form (LCSF). Also, the correlation between LCSF and Level of Service Inventory- Revised (LSI-R) is analysed. The sample consists of 399 male prisoners, placed in the Department of Diagnostics and Treatment Programming in Zagreb Prison between March 2004 and June 2005. Analysis of the metric characteristics suggested that the LCSF questionnaire requires some improvements. Reliability measures of the first principal components, as well as the standard reliability measure are not satisfactory enough (under .80). The same is true for the LCSF representativity. Regression analysis revealed high multiple correlation between LCSF and LSI-R, which implies satisfactory diagnostic validity