3D Printed Below-the-Knee Prosthetic Leg

There are over 2 million amputees in the United States and more than 90 percent of amputations done today are for lower limbs. While there are highly advanced options on the market today, there are still several areas of improvement. For instance, there are not many options that are completely waterproof, and the more advanced ones are extremely expensive and heavy. Our project idea is to create a below-the-knee prosthetic leg that is water resistant, affordable, and promotes comfort. The leg will be designed to disperse the loads and stresses over the whole structure using 3D printing and supporting metal rods. The model will be analyzed in Solidworks Motion in order to see how the forces under an applied load are acting

LeChatelier-Samuelson Principle in Games and Pass-Through of Shocks

The LeChatelier-Samuelson principle ("the principle") states that as a reaction to a shock, an agent's short-run adjustment of an action is smaller than the long-run adjustment of that action when the other related actions can also be adjusted. We extend the principle to strategic environments and to shocks that affect more than one action directly. We define long run as an adjustment that also includes the affected player adjusting its other actions and other players adjusting their strategies. We show that the principle holds for 1) supermodular games (strategic complements), 2) submodular games (strategic substitutes) for shocks that affect only one player's action directly and when the players' payoffs depend only on their own strategies and the sum of the rivals' strategies (for example, homogeneous Cournot oligopoly). We also provide other sufficient conditions for the principle to hold in games of strategic substitutes. Our results imply that when the principle holds a multiproduct oligopoly might have lower cost pass-through in the short run than in the long run. Hence, we argue that the principle might explain the empirical findings of overshifting of cost and unit tax by multiproduct firms

Increasing Access to Surgical Services in Sub-Saharan Africa: Priorities for National and International Agencies Recommended by the Bellagio Essential Surgery Group

In this Policy Forum, the Bellagio Essential Surgery Group, which was formed to advocate for increased access to surgery in Africa, recommends four priority areas for national and international agencies to target in order to address the surgical burden of disease in sub-Saharan Africa

Molecular mechanisms of cell death: recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death 2018.

Over the past decade, the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death (NCCD) has formulated guidelines for the definition and interpretation of cell death from morphological, biochemical, and functional perspectives. Since the field continues to expand and novel mechanisms that orchestrate multiple cell death pathways are unveiled, we propose an updated classification of cell death subroutines focusing on mechanistic and essential (as opposed to correlative and dispensable) aspects of the process. As we provide molecularly oriented definitions of terms including intrinsic apoptosis, extrinsic apoptosis, mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT)-driven necrosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, parthanatos, entotic cell death, NETotic cell death, lysosome-dependent cell death, autophagy-dependent cell death, immunogenic cell death, cellular senescence, and mitotic catastrophe, we discuss the utility of neologisms that refer to highly specialized instances of these processes. The mission of the NCCD is to provide a widely accepted nomenclature on cell death in support of the continued development of the field

Small Scale Analysis of the Municipal Court System in St. Louis County

This presentation provides an analysis of three different municipal courts (St. John, Ferguson, and Kirkwood) in St. Louis County, serving as an overview of the great disparities in judicial processing and fee assessment in the region. The three courts were weighed against each other based on accessible demographic statistics and data collected during on-site visits by the authors. A list of distinct characteristics was made for each court, then a pros and cons chart was created based on similarities between the three. The per capita income and traffic tickets per capita were also compared among the three cities, demonstrating the unjust negative correlation between the two statistics. Population data was provided to enhance the analysis, further shedding light on the inequitable judicial treatment of minorities in low-income areas

Wearables for Biomechanical Performance Optimization and Risk Assessment in Industrial and Sports Applications

Wearable technologies are emerging as a useful tool with many different applications. While these devices are worn on the human body and can capture numerous data types, this literature review focuses specifically on wearable use for performance enhancement and risk assessment in industrial- and sports-related biomechanical applications. Wearable devices such as exoskeletons, inertial measurement units (IMUs), force sensors, and surface electromyography (EMG) were identified as key technologies that can be used to aid health and safety professionals, ergonomists, and human factors practitioners improve user performance and monitor risk. IMU-based solutions were the most used wearable types in both sectors. Industry largely used biomechanical wearables to assess tasks and risks wholistically, which sports often considered the individual components of movement and performance. Availability, cost, and adoption remain common limitation issues across both sports and industrial applications