Thermodynamics of Modified Chaplygin Gas and Tachyonic Field

Here we generalize the results of the work of ref. [10] in modified Chaplygin gas model and tachyonic field model. Here we have studied the thermodynamical behaviour and the equation of state in terms of volume and temperature for both models. We have used the solution and the corresponding equation of state of our previous work [12] for tachyonic field model. We have also studied the thermodynamical stability using thermal equation of state for the tachyonic field model and have shown that there is no critical points during thermodynamical expansion. The determination of $T_{*}$ due to expansion for the tachyonic field have been discussed by assuming some initial conditions. Here, the thermal quantities have been investigated using some reduced parameters.Comment: 10 page

Cylindrical Solutions in Modified f(T) Gravity

We investigate static cylindrically symmetric vacuum solutions in Weyl coordinates in the framework of f(T) theories of gravity, where T is the torsion scalar. The set of modified Einstein equations is presented and the fourth coming equations are established. Specific physical expressions are assumed for the algebraic function f(T) and solutions are obtained. Moreover, general solution is obtained with finite values of u(r) on the axis r = 0, and this leads to a constant torsion scalar. Also, cosmological constant is introduced and its relation to Linet-Tian solution in GR is commented.Comment: 13 pages; Accepted for publication in International Journal of Modern Physics D (IJMPD

Investigating the antecedents to the adoption of SCRM technologies by start-up companies

Despite their fairly recent emergence, start-up companies now play an important role in the economic development of countries around the globe. These companies have fewer tangible assets and capital, and therefore, the efficient delivery of services and products is a key business priority for them. Customer relationship management (CRM) technologies, which are designed to facilitate customer engagement during the design, development and delivery of services and products may play a significant role in the success or failure of start-up companies. Developments in new communication technologies have transformed traditional CRM into electronic CRM (eCRM), mobile CRM (mCRM); and more recently, social CRM (SCRM). However, there remains very little understanding of the factors affecting SCRM adoption in start-up businesses. The relative newness of SCRM technologies, coupled with the swiftly evolving nature of start-up companies: which has made them difficult cases to study – has limited the amount of research undertaken in this area. This paper aims to close this gap by proposing a framework that depicts the factors affecting start-up companies’ intention to adopt SCRM applications, and explores the relative importance of these factors. Inspired by an extended Technological, Organisational and Environmental (TOE) framework, this paper investigates effects of technological characteristics (TC), organisational characteristics (OC), environmental characteristics (EC) and managerial characteristics (MC) on start-up companies’ intentions to adopt SCRM applications. The results outlined in this research indicate that the observability, compatibility and trialability of SCRM solutions positively affect SCRM adoption in start-up businesses. Moreover, the availability of internal financial resources has a similarly positive effect. When considering environmental characteristics, it was found that support from venture capitalists, crowd funding support, governmental support, business angels support and external pressure all positively affect the intention to adopt SCRM applications within start-up businesses

Iraqi Nurses' Perspectives on Safety Issues in Maternity Services

Background: Studies introduce maternal and neonatal safety phenomena as important challenges to the public health, particularly in low-income countries. However, few researches are conducted on the identification of safety issues in maternity hospitals in Iraq. It was the first study on nurses’ perspectives on safety issues in Kurdistan, Iraq. Objectives: The current study aimed to describe nurses’ perspectives on what constitutes a safe maternity service in Kurdistan, Iraq. Patients and Methods: A qualitative design, based on a content analysis approach, was used. Ten Kurdish nurses who worked in the delivery room of Kurdistan, Iraq maternity hospital were recruited through purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews were performed to collect data. All interviews were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. Sampling continued to the level of data saturation. Data analysis was performed based on the steps suggested by Graneheim and Lundman. Results: Thematic analysis led to the identification of six main categories including stressful job, lack of schedule and job description, providing care with limited resources, professional unaccountability, regional sociopolitical factors, and inadequate training. Conclusions: Iraqi nurses identified factors such as limited health resources, lack of job description, and professional unaccountability as major safety issues in maternity services. These findings alarm the need to ensure the provision of females and neonates with appropriate care. This, however, would require coordination between Iraqi Kurdistan health authorities to provide midwifery care facilities, high-quality and relevant staff training, and an effective healthcare system in the maternity units

Statefinder Parameters for Different Dark Energy Models with Variable G Correction in Kaluza-Klein Cosmology

In this work, we have calculated the deceleration parameter, statefinder parameters and EoS parameters for different dark energy models with variable $G$ correction in homogeneous, isotropic and non-flat universe for Kaluza-Klein Cosmology. The statefinder parameters have been obtained in terms of some observable parameters like dimensionless density parameter, EoS parameter and Hubble parameter for holographic dark energy, new agegraphic dark energy and generalized Chaplygin gas models.Comment: 9 pages, no figure, accepted for publication in IJTP. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1104.2366 by other author

Transformation of 2,4, 6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) by Immobilized and Resting Cells of Arthrobacter SP.

Arthrobacter sp. transformed 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) into two isomeric monoaminodinitrotoluenes viz, 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene (4-ADNT), 2-amino- 4,6 –dinitrotoluene (2-ADNT) and also 2,4- diamino-6- nitrotoluene (2,4-DANT) under aerobic resting cell conditions. Experiments were carried out at 30° C (±1°C) in phosphate buffer with 60 mg per liter TNT at a pH of 7.2 (±0.2). Complete transformation of TNT occurred within 36 hours, yielding a mixture of monoaminodinitrotoluenes and diaminonitrotoluene. The major component was found to be 4-ADNT. Under the same experimental conditions, transformations were studied using barium alginate immobilized cells of Arthrobacter sp. Appropriate controls were run simultaneously. In both the cases, reactions were monitored every six hours by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and gas chromatography (GC). The products were identified by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Immobilization of Arthrobacter sp. in barium alginate resulted in more efficient TNT transformations, which were complete in 24 hours. The immobilized cells could be utilized at least for eight cycles and a decrease in rate of transformation was observed with each cycle